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Author SHA1 Message Date
Joshua Ryder
7f382d8b8a Update README to include all 4 Bible translations and correct URL structure 2025-10-01 10:24:40 -04:00
Joshua Ryder
f5e634fe58 Fix chapter navigation to use proper numerical ordering instead of alphabetical 2025-10-01 10:12:01 -04:00
Joshua Ryder
b2d17bc0ac Update webpage metadata to include ESV, NKJV, NLT, and CSB translations 2025-10-01 10:03:24 -04:00
Joshua Ryder
158d5fda2f Fixed all 4 versions to have every book 2025-09-30 19:19:04 -04:00
Ryderjj89
ce8dd787e6 Update version selector cards to use consistent blue border hover effect matching book/chapter selectors 2025-09-29 18:09:32 -04:00
Ryderjj89
b2ef00e23e Fix version card hover glow effect and increase base font size for better readability 2025-09-29 18:03:10 -04:00
Ryderjj89
758f76c3c0 Fix Dockerfile to not copy non-existent package-lock.json file 2025-09-29 17:56:04 -04:00
Ryderjj89
f52d2d53f6 Fix font file availability during build by copying fonts directory in frontend-build stage 2025-09-29 17:54:56 -04:00
Ryderjj89
208b7265c5 Add fonts directory to Dockerfile and replace version card bounce with blue glow effect 2025-09-29 17:52:29 -04:00
Ryderjj89
f68d11fcf5 Add Gentium Book Basic font and replace Times New Roman with Gentium font throughout the application 2025-09-29 17:47:46 -04:00
2012 changed files with 56605 additions and 65877 deletions
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CSB/01_Genesis/Chapter_01.md
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The Creation
# Chapter 1
1. In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.
2. Now the earth was formless and empty, darkness covered the surface of the watery depths, and the Spirit of God was hovering over the surface of the waters.
3. Then God said, "Let there be light," and there was light.
4. God saw that the light was good, and God separated the light from the darkness.
5. God called the light "day," and the darkness he called "night." There was an evening, and there was a morning: one day.
6. Then God said, "Let there be an expanse between the waters, separating water from water."
7. So God made the expanse and separated the water under the expanse from the water above the expanse. And it was so.
8. God called the expanse "sky." Evening came and then morning: the second day.
9. Then God said, "Let the water under the sky be gathered into one place, and let the dry land appear." And it was so.
10. God called the dry land "earth," and the gathering of the water he called "seas." And God saw that it was good.
11. Then God said, "Let the earth produce vegetation: seed-bearing plants and fruit trees on the earth bearing fruit with seed in it according to their kinds." And it was so.
12. The earth produced vegetation: seed-bearing plants according to their kinds and trees bearing fruit with seed in it according to their kinds. And God saw that it was good.
13. Evening came and then morning: the third day.
14. Then God said, "Let there be lights in the expanse of the sky to separate the day from the night. They will serve as signs for seasons and for days and years.
15. They will be lights in the expanse of the sky to provide light on the earth." And it was so.
16. God made the two great lights--the greater light to rule over the day and the lesser light to rule over the night--as well as the stars.
17. God placed them in the expanse of the sky to provide light on the earth,
18. to rule the day and the night, and to separate light from darkness. And God saw that it was good.
19. Evening came and then morning: the fourth day.
20. Then God said, "Let the water swarm with living creatures, and let birds fly above the earth across the expanse of the sky."
21. So God created the large sea-creatures and every living creature that moves and swarms in the water, according to their kinds. He also created every winged creature according to its kind. And God saw that it was good.
22. God blessed them: "Be fruitful, multiply, and fill the waters of the seas, and let the birds multiply on the earth."
23. Evening came and then morning: the fifth day.
24. Then God said, "Let the earth produce living creatures according to their kinds: livestock, creatures that crawl, and the wildlife of the earth according to their kinds." And it was so.
25. So God made the wildlife of the earth according to their kinds, the livestock according to their kinds, and all the creatures that crawl on the ground according to their kinds. And God saw that it was good.
26. Then God said, "Let us make man in our image, according to our likeness. They will rule the fish of the sea, the birds of the sky, the livestock, the whole earth, and the creatures that crawl on the earth."
27. So God created man
1 In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.
2 Now the earth was formless and empty, darkness covered the surface of the watery depths, and the Spirit of God was hovering over the surface of the waters.
3 Then God said, “Let there be light,” and there was light.
4 God saw that the light was good, and God separated the light from the darkness.
5 God called the light “day,” and the darkness he called “night.” There was an evening, and there was a morning: one day.
6 Then God said, “Let there be an expanse between the waters, separating water from water.”
7 So God made the expanse and separated the water under the expanse from the water above the expanse. And it was so.
8 God called the expanse “sky.” Evening came and then morning: the second day.
9 Then God said, “Let the water under the sky be gathered into one place, and let the dry land appear.” And it was so.
10 God called the dry land “earth,” and the gathering of the water he called “seas.” And God saw that it was good.
11 Then God said, “Let the earth produce vegetation: seed-bearing plants and fruit trees on the earth bearing fruit with seed in it according to their kinds.” And it was so.
12 The earth produced vegetation: seed-bearing plants according to their kinds and trees bearing fruit with seed in it according to their kinds. And God saw that it was good.
13 Evening came and then morning: the third day.
14 Then God said, “Let there be lights in the expanse of the sky to separate the day from the night. They will serve as signs for seasons and for days and years.
15 They will be lights in the expanse of the sky to provide light on the earth.” And it was so.
16 God made the two great lights—the greater light to rule over the day and the lesser light to rule over the night—as well as the stars.
17 God placed them in the expanse of the sky to provide light on the earth,
18 to rule the day and the night, and to separate light from darkness. And God saw that it was good.
19 Evening came and then morning: the fourth day.
20 Then God said, “Let the water swarm with living creatures, and let birds fly above the earth across the expanse of the sky.”
21 So God created the large sea-creatures and every living creature that moves and swarms in the water, according to their kinds. He also created every winged creature according to its kind. And God saw that it was good.
22 God blessed them: “Be fruitful, multiply, and fill the waters of the seas, and let the birds multiply on the earth.”
23 Evening came and then morning: the fifth day.
24 Then God said, “Let the earth produce living creatures according to their kinds: livestock, creatures that crawl, and the wildlife of the earth according to their kinds.” And it was so.
25 So God made the wildlife of the earth according to their kinds, the livestock according to their kinds, and all the creatures that crawl on the ground according to their kinds. And God saw that it was good.
26 Then God said, “Let us make man in our image, according to our likeness. They will rule the fish of the sea, the birds of the sky, the livestock, the whole earth, and the creatures that crawl on the earth.”
27 So God created man
in his own image;
he created him in the image of God;
he created them male and female.
28. God blessed them, and God said to them, "Be fruitful, multiply, fill the earth, and subdue it. Rule the fish of the sea, the birds of the sky, and every creature that crawls on the earth."
29. God also said, "Look, I have given you every seed-bearing plant on the surface of the entire earth and every tree whose fruit contains seed. This will be food for you,
30. for all the wildlife of the earth, for every bird of the sky, and for every creature that crawls on the earth--everything having the breath of life in it--I have given every green plant for food." And it was so.
31. God saw all that he had made, and it was very good indeed. Evening came and then morning: the sixth day.
28 God blessed them, and God said to them, “Be fruitful, multiply, fill the earth, and subdue it. Rule the fish of the sea, the birds of the sky, and every creature that crawls on the earth.”
29 God also said, “Look, I have given you every seed-bearing plant on the surface of the entire earth and every tree whose fruit contains seed. This will be food for you,
30 for all the wildlife of the earth, for every bird of the sky, and for every creature that crawls on the earth—everything having the breath of life in it—I have given every green plant for food.” And it was so.
31 God saw all that he had made, and it was very good indeed. Evening came and then morning: the sixth day.

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# Chapter 2
1. So the heavens and the earth and everything in them were completed.
2. On the seventh day God had completed his work that he had done, and he rested on the seventh day from all his work that he had done.
3. God blessed the seventh day and declared it holy, for on it he rested from all his work of creation.
Man and Woman in the Garden
4. These are the records of the heavens and the earth, concerning their creation. At the time that the Lord God made the earth and the heavens,
5. no shrub of the field had yet grown on the land, and no plant of the field had yet sprouted, for the Lord God had not made it rain on the land, and there was no man to work the ground.
6. But mist would come up from the earth and water all the ground.
7. Then the Lord God formed the man out of the dust from the ground and breathed the breath of life into his nostrils, and the man became a living being.
8. The Lord God planted a garden in Eden, in the east, and there he placed the man he had formed.
9. The Lord God caused to grow out of the ground every tree pleasing in appearance and good for food, including the tree of life in the middle of the garden, as well as the tree of the knowledge of good and evil.
10. A river went out from Eden to water the garden. From there it divided and became the source of four rivers.
11. The name of the first is Pishon, which flows through the entire land of Havilah, where there is gold.
12. Gold from that land is pure; bdellium and onyx are also there.
13. The name of the second river is Gihon, which flows through the entire land of Cush.
14. The name of the third river is Tigris, which runs east of Assyria. And the fourth river is the Euphrates.
15. The Lord God took the man and placed him in the garden of Eden to work it and watch over it.
16. And the Lord God commanded the man, "You are free to eat from any tree of the garden,
17. but you must not eat from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, for on the day you eat from it, you will certainly die."
18. Then the Lord God said, "It is not good for the man to be alone. I will make a helper corresponding to him."
19. The Lord God formed out of the ground every wild animal and every bird of the sky, and brought each to the man to see what he would call it. And whatever the man called a living creature, that was its name.
20. The man gave names to all the livestock, to the birds of the sky, and to every wild animal; but for the man no helper was found corresponding to him.
21. So the Lord God caused a deep sleep to come over the man, and he slept. God took one of his ribs and closed the flesh at that place.
22. Then the Lord God made the rib he had taken from the man into a woman and brought her to the man.
23. And the man said:
1 So the heavens and the earth and everything in them were completed.
2 On the seventh day God had completed his work that he had done, and he rested on the seventh day from all his work that he had done.
3 God blessed the seventh day and declared it holy, for on it he rested from all his work of creation.
4 These are the records of the heavens and the earth, concerning their creation. At the time that the Lord God made the earth and the heavens,
5 no shrub of the field had yet grown on the land, and no plant of the field had yet sprouted, for the Lord God had not made it rain on the land, and there was no man to work the ground.
6 But mist would come up from the earth and water all the ground.
7 Then the Lord God formed the man out of the dust from the ground and breathed the breath of life into his nostrils, and the man became a living being.
8 The Lord God planted a garden in Eden, in the east, and there he placed the man he had formed.
9 The Lord God caused to grow out of the ground every tree pleasing in appearance and good for food, including the tree of life in the middle of the garden, as well as the tree of the knowledge of good and evil.
10 A river went out from Eden to water the garden. From there it divided and became the source of four rivers.
11 The name of the first is Pishon, which flows through the entire land of Havilah, where there is gold.
12 Gold from that land is pure; bdellium and onyx are also there.
13 The name of the second river is Gihon, which flows through the entire land of Cush.
14 The name of the third river is Tigris, which runs east of Assyria. And the fourth river is the Euphrates.
15 The Lord God took the man and placed him in the garden of Eden to work it and watch over it.
16 And the Lord God commanded the man, “You are free to eat from any tree of the garden,
17 but you must not eat from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, for on the day you eat from it, you will certainly die.”
18 Then the Lord God said, “It is not good for the man to be alone. I will make a helper corresponding to him.”
19 The Lord God formed out of the ground every wild animal and every bird of the sky, and brought each to the man to see what he would call it. And whatever the man called a living creature, that was its name.
20 The man gave names to all the livestock, to the birds of the sky, and to every wild animal; but for the man no helper was found corresponding to him.
21 So the Lord God caused a deep sleep to come over the man, and he slept. God took one of his ribs and closed the flesh at that place.
22 Then the Lord God made the rib he had taken from the man into a woman and brought her to the man.
23 And the man said:
This one, at last, is bone of my bone
and flesh of my flesh;
this one will be called "woman,"
this one will be called “woman,”
for she was taken from man.
24. This is why a man leaves his father and mother and bonds with his wife, and they become one flesh.
25. Both the man and his wife were naked, yet felt no shame.
24 This is why a man leaves his father and mother and bonds with his wife, and they become one flesh.
25 Both the man and his wife were naked, yet felt no shame.

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The Temptation and the Fall
# Chapter 3
1. Now the serpent was the most cunning of all the wild animals that the Lord God had made. He said to the woman, "Did God really say, 'You can't eat from any tree in the garden'?"
2. The woman said to the serpent, "We may eat the fruit from the trees in the garden.
3. But about the fruit of the tree in the middle of the garden, God said, 'You must not eat it or touch it, or you will die.'"
4. "No! You will certainly not die," the serpent said to the woman.
5. "In fact, God knows that when you eat it your eyes will be opened and you will be like God, knowing good and evil."
6. The woman saw that the tree was good for food and delightful to look at, and that it was desirable for obtaining wisdom. So she took some of its fruit and ate it; she also gave some to her husband, who was with her, and he ate it.
7. Then the eyes of both of them were opened, and they knew they were naked; so they sewed fig leaves together and made coverings for themselves.
Sin's Consequences
8. Then the man and his wife heard the sound of the Lord God walking in the garden at the time of the evening breeze, and they hid from the Lord God among the trees of the garden.
9. So the Lord God called out to the man and said to him, "Where are you?"
10. And he said, "I heard you in the garden, and I was afraid because I was naked, so I hid."
11. Then he asked, "Who told you that you were naked? Did you eat from the tree that I commanded you not to eat from?"
12. The man replied, "The woman you gave to be with me--she gave me some fruit from the tree, and I ate."
13. So the Lord God asked the woman, "What have you done?"
And the woman said, "The serpent deceived me, and I ate."
14. So the Lord God said to the serpent:
1 Now the serpent was the most cunning of all the wild animals that the Lord God had made. He said to the woman, “Did God really say, ‘You can’t eat from any tree in the garden’?”
2 The woman said to the serpent, “We may eat the fruit from the trees in the garden.
3 But about the fruit of the tree in the middle of the garden, God said, ‘You must not eat it or touch it, or you will die.’”
4 “No! You will certainly not die,” the serpent said to the woman.
5 “In fact, God knows that when you eat it your eyes will be opened and you will be like God, knowing good and evil.”
6 The woman saw that the tree was good for food and delightful to look at, and that it was desirable for obtaining wisdom. So she took some of its fruit and ate it; she also gave some to her husband, who was with her, and he ate it.
7 Then the eyes of both of them were opened, and they knew they were naked; so they sewed fig leaves together and made coverings for themselves.
8 Then the man and his wife heard the sound of the Lord God walking in the garden at the time of the evening breeze, and they hid from the Lord God among the trees of the garden.
9 So the Lord God called out to the man and said to him, “Where are you?”
10 And he said, “I heard you in the garden, and I was afraid because I was naked, so I hid.”
11 Then he asked, “Who told you that you were naked? Did you eat from the tree that I commanded you not to eat from?”
12 The man replied, “The woman you gave to be with me—she gave me some fruit from the tree, and I ate.”
13 So the Lord God asked the woman, “What have you done?”
And the woman said, “The serpent deceived me, and I ate.”
14 So the Lord God said to the serpent:
Because you have done this,
you are cursed more than any livestock
and more than any wild animal.
You will move on your belly
and eat dust all the days of your life.
15. I will put hostility between you and the woman,
15 I will put hostility between you and the woman,
and between your offspring and her offspring.
He will strike your head,
and you will strike his heel.
16. He said to the woman:
16 He said to the woman:
I will intensify your labor pains;
you will bear children with painful effort.
Your desire will be for your husband,
yet he will rule over you.
17. And he said to the man, "Because you listened to your wife and ate from the tree about which I commanded you, 'Do not eat from it':
17 And he said to the man, “Because you listened to your wife and ate from the tree about which I commanded you, ‘Do not eat from it’:
The ground is cursed because of you.
You will eat from it by means of painful labor
all the days of your life.
18. It will produce thorns and thistles for you,
18 It will produce thorns and thistles for you,
and you will eat the plants of the field.
19. You will eat bread by the sweat of your brow
19 You will eat bread by the sweat of your brow
until you return to the ground,
since you were taken from it.
For you are dust,
and you will return to dust."
20. The man named his wife Eve because she was the mother of all the living.
21. The Lord God made clothing from skins for the man and his wife, and he clothed them.
22. The Lord God said, "Since the man has become like one of us, knowing good and evil, he must not reach out, take from the tree of life, eat, and live forever."
23. So the Lord God sent him away from the garden of Eden to work the ground from which he was taken.
24. He drove the man out and stationed the cherubim and the flaming, whirling sword east of the garden of Eden to guard the way to the tree of life.
and you will return to dust.”
20 The man named his wife Eve because she was the mother of all the living.
21 The Lord God made clothing from skins for the man and his wife, and he clothed them.
22 The Lord God said, “Since the man has become like one of us, knowing good and evil, he must not reach out, take from the tree of life, eat, and live forever.”
23 So the Lord God sent him away from the garden of Eden to work the ground from which he was taken.
24 He drove the man out and stationed the cherubim and the flaming, whirling sword east of the garden of Eden to guard the way to the tree of life.

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Cain Murders Abel
# Chapter 4
1. The man was intimate with his wife Eve, and she conceived and gave birth to Cain. She said, "I have had a male child with the Lord's help."
2. She also gave birth to his brother Abel. Now Abel became a shepherd of flocks, but Cain worked the ground.
3. In the course of time Cain presented some of the land's produce as an offering to the Lord.
4. And Abel also presented an offering--some of the firstborn of his flock and their fat portions. The Lord had regard for Abel and his offering,
5. but he did not have regard for Cain and his offering. Cain was furious, and he looked despondent.
6. Then the Lord said to Cain, "Why are you furious? And why do you look despondent?
7. If you do what is right, won't you be accepted? But if you do not do what is right, sin is crouching at the door. Its desire is for you, but you must rule over it."
8. Cain said to his brother Abel, "Let's go out to the field." And while they were in the field, Cain attacked his brother Abel and killed him.
9. Then the Lord said to Cain, "Where is your brother Abel?"
"I don't know," he replied. "Am I my brother's guardian?"
10. Then he said, "What have you done? Your brother's blood cries out to me from the ground!
11. So now you are cursed, alienated from the ground that opened its mouth to receive your brother's blood you have shed.
12. If you work the ground, it will never again give you its yield. You will be a restless wanderer on the earth."
13. But Cain answered the Lord, "My punishment is too great to bear!
14. Since you are banishing me today from the face of the earth, and I must hide from your presence and become a restless wanderer on the earth, whoever finds me will kill me."
15. Then the Lord replied to him, "In that case, whoever kills Cain will suffer vengeance seven times over." And he placed a mark on Cain so that whoever found him would not kill him.
16. Then Cain went out from the Lord's presence and lived in the land of Nod, east of Eden.
The Line of Cain
17. Cain was intimate with his wife, and she conceived and gave birth to Enoch. Then Cain became the builder of a city, and he named the city Enoch after his son.
18. Irad was born to Enoch, Irad fathered Mehujael, Mehujael fathered Methushael, and Methushael fathered Lamech.
19. Lamech took two wives for himself, one named Adah and the other named Zillah.
20. Adah bore Jabal; he was the first of the nomadic herdsmen.
21. His brother was named Jubal; he was the first of all who play the lyre and the flute.
22. Zillah bore Tubal-cain, who made all kinds of bronze and iron tools. Tubal-cain's sister was Naamah.
23. Lamech said to his wives:
1 The man was intimate with his wife Eve, and she conceived and gave birth to Cain. She said, “I have had a male child with the Lord’s help.”
2 She also gave birth to his brother Abel. Now Abel became a shepherd of flocks, but Cain worked the ground.
3 In the course of time Cain presented some of the land’s produce as an offering to the Lord.
4 And Abel also presented an offering—some of the firstborn of his flock and their fat portions. The Lord had regard for Abel and his offering,
5 but he did not have regard for Cain and his offering. Cain was furious, and he looked despondent.
6 Then the Lord said to Cain, “Why are you furious? And why do you look despondent?
7 If you do what is right, won’t you be accepted? But if you do not do what is right, sin is crouching at the door. Its desire is for you, but you must rule over it.”
8 Cain said to his brother Abel, “Let’s go out to the field.” And while they were in the field, Cain attacked his brother Abel and killed him.
9 Then the Lord said to Cain, “Where is your brother Abel?”
“I don’t know,” he replied. “Am I my brother’s guardian?”
10 Then he said, “What have you done? Your brother’s blood cries out to me from the ground!
11 So now you are cursed, alienated from the ground that opened its mouth to receive your brother’s blood you have shed.
12 If you work the ground, it will never again give you its yield. You will be a restless wanderer on the earth.”
13 But Cain answered the Lord, “My punishment is too great to bear!
14 Since you are banishing me today from the face of the earth, and I must hide from your presence and become a restless wanderer on the earth, whoever finds me will kill me.”
15 Then the Lord replied to him, “In that case, whoever kills Cain will suffer vengeance seven times over.” And he placed a mark on Cain so that whoever found him would not kill him.
16 Then Cain went out from the Lord’s presence and lived in the land of Nod, east of Eden.
17 Cain was intimate with his wife, and she conceived and gave birth to Enoch. Then Cain became the builder of a city, and he named the city Enoch after his son.
18 Irad was born to Enoch, Irad fathered Mehujael, Mehujael fathered Methushael, and Methushael fathered Lamech.
19 Lamech took two wives for himself, one named Adah and the other named Zillah.
20 Adah bore Jabal; he was the first of the nomadic herdsmen.
21 His brother was named Jubal; he was the first of all who play the lyre and the flute.
22 Zillah bore Tubal-cain, who made all kinds of bronze and iron tools. Tubal-cain’s sister was Naamah.
23 Lamech said to his wives:
Adah and Zillah, hear my voice;
wives of Lamech, pay attention to my words.
For I killed a man for wounding me,
a young man for striking me.
24. If Cain is to be avenged seven times over,
24 If Cain is to be avenged seven times over,
then for Lamech it will be seventy-seven times!
25. Adam was intimate with his wife again, and she gave birth to a son and named him Seth, for she said, "God has given me another offspring in place of Abel, since Cain killed him."
26. A son was born to Seth also, and he named him Enosh. At that time people began to call on the name of the Lord.
25 Adam was intimate with his wife again, and she gave birth to a son and named him Seth, for she said, “God has given me another offspring in place of Abel, since Cain killed him.”
26 A son was born to Seth also, and he named him Enosh. At that time people began to call on the name of the Lord.

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The Line of Seth
# Chapter 5
1. This is the document containing the family records of Adam. On the day that God created man, he made him in the likeness of God;
2. he created them male and female. When they were created, he blessed them and called them mankind.
3. Adam was 130 years old when he fathered a son in his likeness, according to his image, and named him Seth.
4. Adam lived 800 years after he fathered Seth, and he fathered other sons and daughters.
5. So Adam's life lasted 930 years; then he died.
6. Seth was 105 years old when he fathered Enosh.
7. Seth lived 807 years after he fathered Enosh, and he fathered other sons and daughters.
8. So Seth's life lasted 912 years; then he died.
9. Enosh was 90 years old when he fathered Kenan.
10. Enosh lived 815 years after he fathered Kenan, and he fathered other sons and daughters.
11. So Enosh's life lasted 905 years; then he died.
12. Kenan was 70 years old when he fathered Mahalalel.
13. Kenan lived 840 years after he fathered Mahalalel, and he fathered other sons and daughters.
14. So Kenan's life lasted 910 years; then he died.
15. Mahalalel was 65 years old when he fathered Jared.
16. Mahalalel lived 830 years after he fathered Jared, and he fathered other sons and daughters.
17. So Mahalalel's life lasted 895 years; then he died.
18. Jared was 162 years old when he fathered Enoch.
19. Jared lived 800 years after he fathered Enoch, and he fathered other sons and daughters.
20. So Jared's life lasted 962 years; then he died.
21. Enoch was 65 years old when he fathered Methuselah.
22. And after he fathered Methuselah, Enoch walked with God 300 years and fathered other sons and daughters.
23. So Enoch's life lasted 365 years.
24. Enoch walked with God; then he was not there because God took him.
25. Methuselah was 187 years old when he fathered Lamech.
26. Methuselah lived 782 years after he fathered Lamech, and he fathered other sons and daughters.
27. So Methuselah's life lasted 969 years; then he died.
28. Lamech was 182 years old when he fathered a son.
29. And he named him Noah, saying, "This one will bring us relief from the agonizing labor of our hands, caused by the ground the Lord has cursed."
30. Lamech lived 595 years after he fathered Noah, and he fathered other sons and daughters.
31. So Lamech's life lasted 777 years; then he died.
32. Noah was 500 years old, and he fathered Shem, Ham, and Japheth.
1 This is the document containing the family records of Adam. On the day that God created man, he made him in the likeness of God;
2 he created them male and female. When they were created, he blessed them and called them mankind.
3 Adam was 130 years old when he fathered a son in his likeness, according to his image, and named him Seth.
4 Adam lived 800 years after he fathered Seth, and he fathered other sons and daughters.
5 So Adam’s life lasted 930 years; then he died.
6 Seth was 105 years old when he fathered Enosh.
7 Seth lived 807 years after he fathered Enosh, and he fathered other sons and daughters.
8 So Seth’s life lasted 912 years; then he died.
9 Enosh was 90 years old when he fathered Kenan.
10 Enosh lived 815 years after he fathered Kenan, and he fathered other sons and daughters.
11 So Enosh’s life lasted 905 years; then he died.
12 Kenan was 70 years old when he fathered Mahalalel.
13 Kenan lived 840 years after he fathered Mahalalel, and he fathered other sons and daughters.
14 So Kenan’s life lasted 910 years; then he died.
15 Mahalalel was 65 years old when he fathered Jared.
16 Mahalalel lived 830 years after he fathered Jared, and he fathered other sons and daughters.
17 So Mahalalel’s life lasted 895 years; then he died.
18 Jared was 162 years old when he fathered Enoch.
19 Jared lived 800 years after he fathered Enoch, and he fathered other sons and daughters.
20 So Jared’s life lasted 962 years; then he died.
21 Enoch was 65 years old when he fathered Methuselah.
22 And after he fathered Methuselah, Enoch walked with God 300 years and fathered other sons and daughters.
23 So Enoch’s life lasted 365 years.
24 Enoch walked with God; then he was not there because God took him.
25 Methuselah was 187 years old when he fathered Lamech.
26 Methuselah lived 782 years after he fathered Lamech, and he fathered other sons and daughters.
27 So Methuselah’s life lasted 969 years; then he died.
28 Lamech was 182 years old when he fathered a son.
29 And he named him Noah, saying, “This one will bring us relief from the agonizing labor of our hands, caused by the ground the Lord has cursed.”
30 Lamech lived 595 years after he fathered Noah, and he fathered other sons and daughters.
31 So Lamech’s life lasted 777 years; then he died.
32 Noah was 500 years old, and he fathered Shem, Ham, and Japheth.

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Sons of God and Daughters of Mankind
# Chapter 6
1. When mankind began to multiply on the earth and daughters were born to them,
2. the sons of God saw that the daughters of mankind were beautiful, and they took any they chose as wives for themselves.
3. And the Lord said, "My Spirit will not remain with mankind forever, because they are corrupt. Their days will be 120 years."
4. The Nephilim were on the earth both in those days and afterward, when the sons of God came to the daughters of mankind, who bore children to them. They were the powerful men of old, the famous men.
Judgment Decreed
5. When the Lord saw that human wickedness was widespread on the earth and that every inclination of the human mind was nothing but evil all the time,
6. the Lord regretted that he had made man on the earth, and he was deeply grieved.
7. Then the Lord said, "I will wipe mankind, whom I created, off the face of the earth, together with the animals, creatures that crawl, and birds of the sky--for I regret that I made them."
8. Noah, however, found favor with the Lord.
God Warns Noah
9. These are the family records of Noah. Noah was a righteous man, blameless among his contemporaries; Noah walked with God.
10. And Noah fathered three sons: Shem, Ham, and Japheth.
11. Now the earth was corrupt in God's sight, and the earth was filled with wickedness.
12. God saw how corrupt the earth was, for every creature had corrupted its way on the earth.
13. Then God said to Noah, "I have decided to put an end to every creature, for the earth is filled with wickedness because of them; therefore I am going to destroy them along with the earth.
14. "Make yourself an ark of gopher wood. Make rooms in the ark, and cover it with pitch inside and outside.
15. This is how you are to make it: The ark will be 450 feet long, 75 feet wide, and 45 feet high.
16. You are to make a roof, finishing the sides of the ark to within eighteen inches of the roof. You are to put a door in the side of the ark. Make it with lower, middle, and upper decks.
17. "Understand that I am bringing a flood--floodwaters on the earth to destroy every creature under heaven with the breath of life in it. Everything on earth will perish.
18. But I will establish my covenant with you, and you will enter the ark with your sons, your wife, and your sons' wives.
19. You are also to bring into the ark two of all the living creatures, male and female, to keep them alive with you.
20. Two of everything--from the birds according to their kinds, from the livestock according to their kinds, and from the animals that crawl on the ground according to their kinds--will come to you so that you can keep them alive.
21. Take with you every kind of food that is eaten; gather it as food for you and for them."
22. And Noah did this. He did everything that God had commanded him.
1 When mankind began to multiply on the earth and daughters were born to them,
2 the sons of God saw that the daughters of mankind were beautiful, and they took any they chose as wives for themselves.
3 And the Lord said, “My Spirit will not remain with mankind forever, because they are corrupt. Their days will be 120 years.”
4 The Nephilim were on the earth both in those days and afterward, when the sons of God came to the daughters of mankind, who bore children to them. They were the powerful men of old, the famous men.
5 When the Lord saw that human wickedness was widespread on the earth and that every inclination of the human mind was nothing but evil all the time,
6 the Lord regretted that he had made man on the earth, and he was deeply grieved.
7 Then the Lord said, “I will wipe mankind, whom I created, off the face of the earth, together with the animals, creatures that crawl, and birds of the sky—for I regret that I made them.”
8 Noah, however, found favor with the Lord.
9 These are the family records of Noah. Noah was a righteous man, blameless among his contemporaries; Noah walked with God.
10 And Noah fathered three sons: Shem, Ham, and Japheth.
11 Now the earth was corrupt in God’s sight, and the earth was filled with wickedness.
12 God saw how corrupt the earth was, for every creature had corrupted its way on the earth.
13 Then God said to Noah, “I have decided to put an end to every creature, for the earth is filled with wickedness because of them; therefore I am going to destroy them along with the earth.
14 “Make yourself an ark of gopher wood. Make rooms in the ark, and cover it with pitch inside and outside.
15 This is how you are to make it: The ark will be 450 feet long, 75 feet wide, and 45 feet high.
16 You are to make a roof, finishing the sides of the ark to within eighteen inches of the roof. You are to put a door in the side of the ark. Make it with lower, middle, and upper decks.
17 “Understand that I am bringing a flood—floodwaters on the earth to destroy every creature under heaven with the breath of life in it. Everything on earth will perish.
18 But I will establish my covenant with you, and you will enter the ark with your sons, your wife, and your sons’ wives.
19 You are also to bring into the ark two of all the living creatures, male and female, to keep them alive with you.
20 Two of everything—from the birds according to their kinds, from the livestock according to their kinds, and from the animals that crawl on the ground according to their kinds—will come to you so that you can keep them alive.
21 Take with you every kind of food that is eaten; gather it as food for you and for them.”
22 And Noah did this. He did everything that God had commanded him.

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Entering the Ark
# Chapter 7
1. Then the Lord said to Noah, "Enter the ark, you and all your household, for I have seen that you alone are righteous before me in this generation.
2. You are to take with you seven pairs, a male and its female, of all the clean animals, and two of the animals that are not clean, a male and its female,
3. and seven pairs, male and female, of the birds of the sky--in order to keep offspring alive throughout the earth.
4. Seven days from now I will make it rain on the earth forty days and forty nights, and every living thing I have made I will wipe off the face of the earth."
5. And Noah did everything that the Lord commanded him.
6. Noah was six hundred years old when the flood came and water covered the earth.
7. So Noah, his sons, his wife, and his sons' wives entered the ark because of the floodwaters.
8. From the animals that are clean, and from the animals that are not clean, and from the birds and every creature that crawls on the ground,
9. two of each, male and female, came to Noah and entered the ark, just as God had commanded him.
10. Seven days later the floodwaters came on the earth.
The Flood
11. In the six hundredth year of Noah's life, in the second month, on the seventeenth day of the month, on that day all the sources of the vast watery depths burst open, the floodgates of the sky were opened,
12. and the rain fell on the earth forty days and forty nights.
13. On that same day Noah and his three sons, Shem, Ham, and Japheth, entered the ark, along with Noah's wife and his three sons' wives.
14. They entered it with all the wildlife according to their kinds, all livestock according to their kinds, all the creatures that crawl on the earth according to their kinds, every flying creature--all the birds and every winged creature--according to their kinds.
15. Two of every creature that has the breath of life in it came to Noah and entered the ark.
16. Those that entered, male and female of every creature, entered just as God had commanded him. Then the Lord shut him in.
17. The flood continued for forty days on the earth; the water increased and lifted up the ark so that it rose above the earth.
18. The water surged and increased greatly on the earth, and the ark floated on the surface of the water.
19. Then the water surged even higher on the earth, and all the high mountains under the whole sky were covered.
20. The mountains were covered as the water surged above them more than twenty feet.
21. Every creature perished--those that crawl on the earth, birds, livestock, wildlife, and those that swarm on the earth, as well as all mankind.
22. Everything with the breath of the spirit of life in its nostrils--everything on dry land died.
23. He wiped out every living thing that was on the face of the earth, from mankind to livestock, to creatures that crawl, to the birds of the sky, and they were wiped off the earth. Only Noah was left, and those that were with him in the ark.
24. And the water surged on the earth 150 days.
1 Then the Lord said to Noah, “Enter the ark, you and all your household, for I have seen that you alone are righteous before me in this generation.
2 You are to take with you seven pairs, a male and its female, of all the clean animals, and two of the animals that are not clean, a male and its female,
3 and seven pairs, male and female, of the birds of the sky—in order to keep offspring alive throughout the earth.
4 Seven days from now I will make it rain on the earth forty days and forty nights, and every living thing I have made I will wipe off the face of the earth.”
5 And Noah did everything that the Lord commanded him.
6 Noah was six hundred years old when the flood came and water covered the earth.
7 So Noah, his sons, his wife, and his sons’ wives entered the ark because of the floodwaters.
8 From the animals that are clean, and from the animals that are not clean, and from the birds and every creature that crawls on the ground,
9 two of each, male and female, came to Noah and entered the ark, just as God had commanded him.
10 Seven days later the floodwaters came on the earth.
11 In the six hundredth year of Noah’s life, in the second month, on the seventeenth day of the month, on that day all the sources of the vast watery depths burst open, the floodgates of the sky were opened,
12 and the rain fell on the earth forty days and forty nights.
13 On that same day Noah and his three sons, Shem, Ham, and Japheth, entered the ark, along with Noah’s wife and his three sons’ wives.
14 They entered it with all the wildlife according to their kinds, all livestock according to their kinds, all the creatures that crawl on the earth according to their kinds, every flying creature—all the birds and every winged creature—according to their kinds.
15 Two of every creature that has the breath of life in it came to Noah and entered the ark.
16 Those that entered, male and female of every creature, entered just as God had commanded him. Then the Lord shut him in.
17 The flood continued for forty days on the earth; the water increased and lifted up the ark so that it rose above the earth.
18 The water surged and increased greatly on the earth, and the ark floated on the surface of the water.
19 Then the water surged even higher on the earth, and all the high mountains under the whole sky were covered.
20 The mountains were covered as the water surged above them more than twenty feet.
21 Every creature perished—those that crawl on the earth, birds, livestock, wildlife, and those that swarm on the earth, as well as all mankind.
22 Everything with the breath of the spirit of life in its nostrils—everything on dry land died.
23 He wiped out every living thing that was on the face of the earth, from mankind to livestock, to creatures that crawl, to the birds of the sky, and they were wiped off the earth. Only Noah was left, and those that were with him in the ark.
24 And the water surged on the earth 150 days.

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The Flood Recedes
# Chapter 8
1. God remembered Noah, as well as all the wildlife and all the livestock that were with him in the ark. God caused a wind to pass over the earth, and the water began to subside.
2. The sources of the watery depths and the floodgates of the sky were closed, and the rain from the sky stopped.
3. The water steadily receded from the earth, and by the end of 150 days the water had decreased significantly.
4. The ark came to rest in the seventh month, on the seventeenth day of the month, on the mountains of Ararat.
5. The water continued to recede until the tenth month; in the tenth month, on the first day of the month, the tops of the mountains were visible.
6. After forty days Noah opened the window of the ark that he had made,
7. and he sent out a raven. It went back and forth until the water had dried up from the earth.
8. Then he sent out a dove to see whether the water on the earth's surface had gone down,
9. but the dove found no resting place for its foot. It returned to him in the ark because water covered the surface of the whole earth. He reached out and brought it into the ark to himself.
10. So Noah waited seven more days and sent out the dove from the ark again.
11. When the dove came to him at evening, there was a plucked olive leaf in its beak. So Noah knew that the water on the earth's surface had gone down.
12. After he had waited another seven days, he sent out the dove, but it did not return to him again.
13. In the six hundred first year, in the first month, on the first day of the month, the water that had covered the earth was dried up. Then Noah removed the ark's cover and saw that the surface of the ground was drying.
14. By the twenty-seventh day of the second month, the earth was dry.
The Lord's Promise
15. Then God spoke to Noah,
16. "Come out of the ark, you, your wife, your sons, and your sons' wives with you.
17. Bring out all the living creatures that are with you--birds, livestock, those that crawl on the earth--and they will spread over the earth and be fruitful and multiply on the earth."
18. So Noah, along with his sons, his wife, and his sons' wives, came out.
19. All the animals, all the creatures that crawl, and all the flying creatures--everything that moves on the earth--came out of the ark by their families.
20. Then Noah built an altar to the Lord. He took some of every kind of clean animal and every kind of clean bird and offered burnt offerings on the altar.
21. When the Lord smelled the pleasing aroma, he said to himself, "I will never again curse the ground because of human beings, even though the inclination of the human heart is evil from youth onward. And I will never again strike down every living thing as I have done.
22. As long as the earth endures,
1 God remembered Noah, as well as all the wildlife and all the livestock that were with him in the ark. God caused a wind to pass over the earth, and the water began to subside.
2 The sources of the watery depths and the floodgates of the sky were closed, and the rain from the sky stopped.
3 The water steadily receded from the earth, and by the end of 150 days the water had decreased significantly.
4 The ark came to rest in the seventh month, on the seventeenth day of the month, on the mountains of Ararat.
5 The water continued to recede until the tenth month; in the tenth month, on the first day of the month, the tops of the mountains were visible.
6 After forty days Noah opened the window of the ark that he had made,
7 and he sent out a raven. It went back and forth until the water had dried up from the earth.
8 Then he sent out a dove to see whether the water on the earth’s surface had gone down,
9 but the dove found no resting place for its foot. It returned to him in the ark because water covered the surface of the whole earth. He reached out and brought it into the ark to himself.
10 So Noah waited seven more days and sent out the dove from the ark again.
11 When the dove came to him at evening, there was a plucked olive leaf in its beak. So Noah knew that the water on the earth’s surface had gone down.
12 After he had waited another seven days, he sent out the dove, but it did not return to him again.
13 In the six hundred first year, in the first month, on the first day of the month, the water that had covered the earth was dried up. Then Noah removed the ark’s cover and saw that the surface of the ground was drying.
14 By the twenty-seventh day of the second month, the earth was dry.
15 Then God spoke to Noah,
16 “Come out of the ark, you, your wife, your sons, and your sons’ wives with you.
17 Bring out all the living creatures that are with you—birds, livestock, those that crawl on the earth—and they will spread over the earth and be fruitful and multiply on the earth.”
18 So Noah, along with his sons, his wife, and his sons’ wives, came out.
19 All the animals, all the creatures that crawl, and all the flying creatures—everything that moves on the earth—came out of the ark by their families.
20 Then Noah built an altar to the Lord. He took some of every kind of clean animal and every kind of clean bird and offered burnt offerings on the altar.
21 When the Lord smelled the pleasing aroma, he said to himself, “I will never again curse the ground because of human beings, even though the inclination of the human heart is evil from youth onward. And I will never again strike down every living thing as I have done.
22 As long as the earth endures,
seedtime and harvest, cold and heat,
summer and winter, and day and night
will not cease."
will not cease.”

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God's Covenant with Noah
# Chapter 9
1. God blessed Noah and his sons and said to them, "Be fruitful and multiply and fill the earth.
2. The fear and terror of you will be in every living creature on the earth, every bird of the sky, every creature that crawls on the ground, and all the fish of the sea. They are placed under your authority.
3. Every creature that lives and moves will be food for you; as I gave the green plants, I have given you everything.
4. However, you must not eat meat with its lifeblood in it.
5. And I will require a penalty for your lifeblood; I will require it from any animal and from any human; if someone murders a fellow human, I will require that person's life.
6. Whoever sheds human blood,
1 God blessed Noah and his sons and said to them, “Be fruitful and multiply and fill the earth.
2 The fear and terror of you will be in every living creature on the earth, every bird of the sky, every creature that crawls on the ground, and all the fish of the sea. They are placed under your authority.
3 Every creature that lives and moves will be food for you; as I gave the green plants, I have given you everything.
4 However, you must not eat meat with its lifeblood in it.
5 And I will require a penalty for your lifeblood; I will require it from any animal and from any human; if someone murders a fellow human, I will require that person’s life.
6 Whoever sheds human blood,
by humans his blood will be shed,
for God made humans in his image.
7. But you, be fruitful and multiply; spread out over the earth and multiply on it."
8. Then God said to Noah and his sons with him,
9. "Understand that I am establishing my covenant with you and your descendants after you,
10. and with every living creature that is with you--birds, livestock, and all wildlife of the earth that are with you--all the animals of the earth that came out of the ark.
11. I establish my covenant with you that never again will every creature be wiped out by floodwaters; there will never again be a flood to destroy the earth."
12. And God said, "This is the sign of the covenant I am making between me and you and every living creature with you, a covenant for all future generations:
13. I have placed my bow in the clouds, and it will be a sign of the covenant between me and the earth.
14. Whenever I form clouds over the earth and the bow appears in the clouds,
15. I will remember my covenant between me and you and all the living creatures: water will never again become a flood to destroy every creature.
16. The bow will be in the clouds, and I will look at it and remember the permanent covenant between God and all the living creatures on earth."
17. God said to Noah, "This is the sign of the covenant that I have established between me and every creature on earth."
Prophecies about Noah's Family
18. Noah's sons who came out of the ark were Shem, Ham, and Japheth. Ham was the father of Canaan.
19. These three were Noah's sons, and from them the whole earth was populated.
20. Noah, as a man of the soil, began by planting a vineyard.
21. He drank some of the wine, became drunk, and uncovered himself inside his tent.
22. Ham, the father of Canaan, saw his father naked and told his two brothers outside.
23. Then Shem and Japheth took a cloak and placed it over both their shoulders, and walking backward, they covered their father's nakedness. Their faces were turned away, and they did not see their father naked.
24. When Noah awoke from his drinking and learned what his youngest son had done to him,
25. he said:
7 But you, be fruitful and multiply; spread out over the earth and multiply on it.”
8 Then God said to Noah and his sons with him,
9 “Understand that I am establishing my covenant with you and your descendants after you,
10 and with every living creature that is with you—birds, livestock, and all wildlife of the earth that are with you—all the animals of the earth that came out of the ark.
11 I establish my covenant with you that never again will every creature be wiped out by floodwaters; there will never again be a flood to destroy the earth.”
12 And God said, “This is the sign of the covenant I am making between me and you and every living creature with you, a covenant for all future generations:
13 I have placed my bow in the clouds, and it will be a sign of the covenant between me and the earth.
14 Whenever I form clouds over the earth and the bow appears in the clouds,
15 I will remember my covenant between me and you and all the living creatures: water will never again become a flood to destroy every creature.
16 The bow will be in the clouds, and I will look at it and remember the permanent covenant between God and all the living creatures on earth.”
17 God said to Noah, “This is the sign of the covenant that I have established between me and every creature on earth.”
18 Noah’s sons who came out of the ark were Shem, Ham, and Japheth. Ham was the father of Canaan.
19 These three were Noah’s sons, and from them the whole earth was populated.
20 Noah, as a man of the soil, began by planting a vineyard.
21 He drank some of the wine, became drunk, and uncovered himself inside his tent.
22 Ham, the father of Canaan, saw his father naked and told his two brothers outside.
23 Then Shem and Japheth took a cloak and placed it over both their shoulders, and walking backward, they covered their father’s nakedness. Their faces were turned away, and they did not see their father naked.
24 When Noah awoke from his drinking and learned what his youngest son had done to him,
25 he said:
Canaan is cursed.
He will be the lowest of slaves to his brothers.
26. He also said:
26 He also said:
Blessed be the Lord, the God of Shem;
Let Canaan be Shem's slave.
27. Let God extend Japheth;
Let Canaan be Shem’s slave.
27 Let God extend Japheth;
let Japheth dwell in the tents of Shem;
let Canaan be Shem's slave.
28. Now Noah lived 350 years after the flood.
29. So Noah's life lasted 950 years; then he died.
let Canaan be Shem’s slave.
28 Now Noah lived 350 years after the flood.
29 So Noah’s life lasted 950 years; then he died.

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The Table of Nations
# Chapter 10
1. These are the family records of Noah's sons, Shem, Ham, and Japheth. They also had sons after the flood.
2. Japheth's sons: Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras.
3. Gomer's sons: Ashkenaz, Riphath, and Togarmah.
4. And Javan's sons: Elishah, Tarshish, Kittim, and Dodanim.
5. From these descendants, the peoples of the coasts and islands spread out into their lands according to their clans in their nations, each with its own language.
6. Ham's sons: Cush, Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.
7. Cush's sons: Seba, Havilah, Sabtah, Raamah, and Sabteca. And Raamah's sons: Sheba and Dedan.
8. Cush fathered Nimrod, who began to be powerful in the land.
9. He was a powerful hunter in the sight of the Lord. That is why it is said, "Like Nimrod, a powerful hunter in the sight of the Lord."
10. His kingdom started with Babylon, Erech, Accad, and Calneh, in the land of Shinar.
11. From that land he went to Assyria and built Nineveh, Rehoboth-ir, Calah,
12. and Resen, between Nineveh and the great city Calah.
13. Mizraim fathered the people of Lud, Anam, Lehab, Naphtuh,
14. Pathrus, Casluh (the Philistines came from them), and Caphtor.
15. Canaan fathered Sidon his firstborn and Heth,
16. as well as the Jebusites, the Amorites, the Girgashites,
17. the Hivites, the Arkites, the Sinites,
18. the Arvadites, the Zemarites, and the Hamathites. Afterward the Canaanite clans scattered.
19. The Canaanite border went from Sidon going toward Gerar as far as Gaza, and going toward Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, and Zeboiim as far as Lasha.
20. These are Ham's sons by their clans, according to their languages, in their lands and their nations.
21. And Shem, Japheth's older brother, also had sons. Shem was the father of all the sons of Eber.
22. Shem's sons were Elam, Asshur, Arpachshad, Lud, and Aram.
23. Aram's sons: Uz, Hul, Gether, and Mash.
24. Arpachshad fathered Shelah, and Shelah fathered Eber.
25. Eber had two sons. One was named Peleg, for during his days the earth was divided; his brother was named Joktan.
26. And Joktan fathered Almodad, Sheleph, Hazarmaveth, Jerah,
27. Hadoram, Uzal, Diklah,
28. Obal, Abimael, Sheba,
29. Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab. All these were Joktan's sons.
30. Their settlements extended from Mesha to Sephar, the eastern hill country.
31. These are Shem's sons by their clans, according to their languages, in their lands and their nations.
32. These are the clans of Noah's sons, according to their family records, in their nations. The nations on earth spread out from these after the flood.
1 These are the family records of Noah’s sons, Shem, Ham, and Japheth. They also had sons after the flood.
2 Japheth’s sons: Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras.
3 Gomer’s sons: Ashkenaz, Riphath, and Togarmah.
4 And Javan’s sons: Elishah, Tarshish, Kittim, and Dodanim.
5 From these descendants, the peoples of the coasts and islands spread out into their lands according to their clans in their nations, each with its own language.
6 Ham’s sons: Cush, Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.
7 Cush’s sons: Seba, Havilah, Sabtah, Raamah, and Sabteca. And Raamah’s sons: Sheba and Dedan.
8 Cush fathered Nimrod, who began to be powerful in the land.
9 He was a powerful hunter in the sight of the Lord. That is why it is said, “Like Nimrod, a powerful hunter in the sight of the Lord.”
10 His kingdom started with Babylon, Erech, Accad, and Calneh, in the land of Shinar.
11 From that land he went to Assyria and built Nineveh, Rehoboth-ir, Calah,
12 and Resen, between Nineveh and the great city Calah.
13 Mizraim fathered the people of Lud, Anam, Lehab, Naphtuh,
14 Pathrus, Casluh (the Philistines came from them), and Caphtor.
15 Canaan fathered Sidon his firstborn and Heth,
16 as well as the Jebusites, the Amorites, the Girgashites,
17 the Hivites, the Arkites, the Sinites,
18 the Arvadites, the Zemarites, and the Hamathites. Afterward the Canaanite clans scattered.
19 The Canaanite border went from Sidon going toward Gerar as far as Gaza, and going toward Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, and Zeboiim as far as Lasha.
20 These are Ham’s sons by their clans, according to their languages, in their lands and their nations.
21 And Shem, Japheth’s older brother, also had sons. Shem was the father of all the sons of Eber.
22 Shem’s sons were Elam, Asshur, Arpachshad, Lud, and Aram.
23 Aram’s sons: Uz, Hul, Gether, and Mash.
24 Arpachshad fathered Shelah, and Shelah fathered Eber.
25 Eber had two sons. One was named Peleg, for during his days the earth was divided; his brother was named Joktan.
26 And Joktan fathered Almodad, Sheleph, Hazarmaveth, Jerah,
27 Hadoram, Uzal, Diklah,
28 Obal, Abimael, Sheba,
29 Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab. All these were Joktan’s sons.
30 Their settlements extended from Mesha to Sephar, the eastern hill country.
31 These are Shem’s sons by their clans, according to their languages, in their lands and their nations.
32 These are the clans of Noah’s sons, according to their family records, in their nations. The nations on earth spread out from these after the flood.

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The Tower of Babylon
# Chapter 11
1. The whole earth had the same language and vocabulary.
2. As people migrated from the east, they found a valley in the land of Shinar and settled there.
3. They said to each other, "Come, let's make oven-fired bricks." (They used brick for stone and asphalt for mortar.)
4. And they said, "Come, let's build ourselves a city and a tower with its top in the sky. Let's make a name for ourselves; otherwise, we will be scattered throughout the earth."
5. Then the Lord came down to look over the city and the tower that the humans were building.
6. The Lord said, "If they have begun to do this as one people all having the same language, then nothing they plan to do will be impossible for them.
7. Come, let's go down there and confuse their language so that they will not understand one another's speech."
8. So from there the Lord scattered them throughout the earth, and they stopped building the city.
9. Therefore it is called Babylon, for there the Lord confused the language of the whole earth, and from there the Lord scattered them throughout the earth.
From Shem to Abram
10. These are the family records of Shem. Shem lived 100 years and fathered Arpachshad two years after the flood.
11. After he fathered Arpachshad, Shem lived 500 years and fathered other sons and daughters.
12. Arpachshad lived 35 years and fathered Shelah.
13. After he fathered Shelah, Arpachshad lived 403 years and fathered other sons and daughters.
14. Shelah lived 30 years and fathered Eber.
15. After he fathered Eber, Shelah lived 403 years and fathered other sons and daughters.
16. Eber lived 34 years and fathered Peleg.
17. After he fathered Peleg, Eber lived 430 years and fathered other sons and daughters.
18. Peleg lived 30 years and fathered Reu.
19. After he fathered Reu, Peleg lived 209 years and fathered other sons and daughters.
20. Reu lived 32 years and fathered Serug.
21. After he fathered Serug, Reu lived 207 years and fathered other sons and daughters.
22. Serug lived 30 years and fathered Nahor.
23. After he fathered Nahor, Serug lived 200 years and fathered other sons and daughters.
24. Nahor lived 29 years and fathered Terah.
25. After he fathered Terah, Nahor lived 119 years and fathered other sons and daughters.
26. Terah lived 70 years and fathered Abram, Nahor, and Haran.
27. These are the family records of Terah. Terah fathered Abram, Nahor, and Haran, and Haran fathered Lot.
28. Haran died in his native land, in Ur of the Chaldeans, during his father Terah's lifetime.
29. Abram and Nahor took wives: Abram's wife was named Sarai, and Nahor's wife was named Milcah. She was the daughter of Haran, the father of both Milcah and Iscah.
30. Sarai was unable to conceive; she did not have a child.
31. Terah took his son Abram, his grandson Lot (Haran's son), and his daughter-in-law Sarai, his son Abram's wife, and they set out together from Ur of the Chaldeans to go to the land of Canaan. But when they came to Haran, they settled there.
32. Terah lived 205 years and died in Haran.
1 The whole earth had the same language and vocabulary.
2 As people migrated from the east, they found a valley in the land of Shinar and settled there.
3 They said to each other, “Come, let’s make oven-fired bricks.” (They used brick for stone and asphalt for mortar.)
4 And they said, “Come, let’s build ourselves a city and a tower with its top in the sky. Let’s make a name for ourselves; otherwise, we will be scattered throughout the earth.”
5 Then the Lord came down to look over the city and the tower that the humans were building.
6 The Lord said, “If they have begun to do this as one people all having the same language, then nothing they plan to do will be impossible for them.
7 Come, let’s go down there and confuse their language so that they will not understand one another’s speech.”
8 So from there the Lord scattered them throughout the earth, and they stopped building the city.
9 Therefore it is called Babylon, for there the Lord confused the language of the whole earth, and from there the Lord scattered them throughout the earth.
10 These are the family records of Shem. Shem lived 100 years and fathered Arpachshad two years after the flood.
11 After he fathered Arpachshad, Shem lived 500 years and fathered other sons and daughters.
12 Arpachshad lived 35 years and fathered Shelah.
13 After he fathered Shelah, Arpachshad lived 403 years and fathered other sons and daughters.
14 Shelah lived 30 years and fathered Eber.
15 After he fathered Eber, Shelah lived 403 years and fathered other sons and daughters.
16 Eber lived 34 years and fathered Peleg.
17 After he fathered Peleg, Eber lived 430 years and fathered other sons and daughters.
18 Peleg lived 30 years and fathered Reu.
19 After he fathered Reu, Peleg lived 209 years and fathered other sons and daughters.
20 Reu lived 32 years and fathered Serug.
21 After he fathered Serug, Reu lived 207 years and fathered other sons and daughters.
22 Serug lived 30 years and fathered Nahor.
23 After he fathered Nahor, Serug lived 200 years and fathered other sons and daughters.
24 Nahor lived 29 years and fathered Terah.
25 After he fathered Terah, Nahor lived 119 years and fathered other sons and daughters.
26 Terah lived 70 years and fathered Abram, Nahor, and Haran.
27 These are the family records of Terah. Terah fathered Abram, Nahor, and Haran, and Haran fathered Lot.
28 Haran died in his native land, in Ur of the Chaldeans, during his father Terah’s lifetime.
29 Abram and Nahor took wives: Abram’s wife was named Sarai, and Nahor’s wife was named Milcah. She was the daughter of Haran, the father of both Milcah and Iscah.
30 Sarai was unable to conceive; she did not have a child.
31 Terah took his son Abram, his grandson Lot (Haran’s son), and his daughter-in-law Sarai, his son Abram’s wife, and they set out together from Ur of the Chaldeans to go to the land of Canaan. But when they came to Haran, they settled there.
32 Terah lived 205 years and died in Haran.

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The Call of Abram
# Chapter 12
1. The Lord said to Abram:
1 The Lord said to Abram:
Go from your land,
your relatives,
and your father's house
and your father’s house
to the land that I will show you.
2. I will make you into a great nation,
2 I will make you into a great nation,
I will bless you,
I will make your name great,
and you will be a blessing.
3. I will bless those who bless you,
3 I will bless those who bless you,
I will curse anyone who treats you with contempt,
and all the peoples on earth
will be blessed through you.
4. So Abram went, as the Lord had told him, and Lot went with him. Abram was seventy-five years old when he left Haran.
5. He took his wife, Sarai, his nephew Lot, all the possessions they had accumulated, and the people they had acquired in Haran, and they set out for the land of Canaan. When they came to the land of Canaan,
6. Abram passed through the land to the site of Shechem, at the oak of Moreh. (At that time the Canaanites were in the land.)
7. The Lord appeared to Abram and said, "To your offspring I will give this land." So he built an altar there to the Lord who had appeared to him.
8. From there he moved on to the hill country east of Bethel and pitched his tent, with Bethel on the west and Ai on the east. He built an altar to the Lord there, and he called on the name of the Lord.
9. Then Abram journeyed by stages to the Negev.
Abram in Egypt
10. There was a famine in the land, so Abram went down to Egypt to stay there for a while because the famine in the land was severe.
11. When he was about to enter Egypt, he said to his wife, Sarai, "Look, I know what a beautiful woman you are.
12. When the Egyptians see you, they will say, 'This is his wife.' They will kill me but let you live.
13. Please say you're my sister so it will go well for me because of you, and my life will be spared on your account."
14. When Abram entered Egypt, the Egyptians saw that the woman was very beautiful.
15. Pharaoh's officials saw her and praised her to Pharaoh, so the woman was taken to Pharaoh's household.
16. He treated Abram well because of her, and Abram acquired flocks and herds, male and female donkeys, male and female slaves, and camels.
17. But the Lord struck Pharaoh and his household with severe plagues because of Abram's wife, Sarai.
18. So Pharaoh sent for Abram and said, "What have you done to me? Why didn't you tell me she was your wife?
19. Why did you say, 'She's my sister,' so that I took her as my wife? Now, here is your wife. Take her and go!"
20. Then Pharaoh gave his men orders about him, and they sent him away with his wife and all he had.
4 So Abram went, as the Lord had told him, and Lot went with him. Abram was seventy-five years old when he left Haran.
5 He took his wife, Sarai, his nephew Lot, all the possessions they had accumulated, and the people they had acquired in Haran, and they set out for the land of Canaan. When they came to the land of Canaan,
6 Abram passed through the land to the site of Shechem, at the oak of Moreh. (At that time the Canaanites were in the land.)
7 The Lord appeared to Abram and said, “To your offspring I will give this land.” So he built an altar there to the Lord who had appeared to him.
8 From there he moved on to the hill country east of Bethel and pitched his tent, with Bethel on the west and Ai on the east. He built an altar to the Lord there, and he called on the name of the Lord.
9 Then Abram journeyed by stages to the Negev.
10 There was a famine in the land, so Abram went down to Egypt to stay there for a while because the famine in the land was severe.
11 When he was about to enter Egypt, he said to his wife, Sarai, “Look, I know what a beautiful woman you are.
12 When the Egyptians see you, they will say, ‘This is his wife.’ They will kill me but let you live.
13 Please say you’re my sister so it will go well for me because of you, and my life will be spared on your account.”
14 When Abram entered Egypt, the Egyptians saw that the woman was very beautiful.
15 Pharaoh’s officials saw her and praised her to Pharaoh, so the woman was taken to Pharaoh’s household.
16 He treated Abram well because of her, and Abram acquired flocks and herds, male and female donkeys, male and female slaves, and camels.
17 But the Lord struck Pharaoh and his household with severe plagues because of Abram’s wife, Sarai.
18 So Pharaoh sent for Abram and said, “What have you done to me? Why didn’t you tell me she was your wife?
19 Why did you say, ‘She’s my sister,’ so that I took her as my wife? Now, here is your wife. Take her and go!”
20 Then Pharaoh gave his men orders about him, and they sent him away with his wife and all he had.

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Abram and Lot Separate
# Chapter 13
1. Abram went up from Egypt to the Negev--he, his wife, and all he had, and Lot with him.
2. Abram was very rich in livestock, silver, and gold.
3. He went by stages from the Negev to Bethel, to the place between Bethel and Ai where his tent had formerly been,
4. to the site where he had built the altar. And Abram called on the name of the Lord there.
5. Now Lot, who was traveling with Abram, also had flocks, herds, and tents.
6. But the land was unable to support them as long as they stayed together, for they had so many possessions that they could not stay together,
7. and there was quarreling between the herdsmen of Abram's livestock and the herdsmen of Lot's livestock. (At that time the Canaanites and the Perizzites were living in the land.)
8. So Abram said to Lot, "Please, let's not have quarreling between you and me, or between your herdsmen and my herdsmen, since we are relatives.
9. Isn't the whole land before you? Separate from me: if you go to the left, I will go to the right; if you go to the right, I will go to the left."
10. Lot looked out and saw that the entire plain of the Jordan as far as Zoar was well watered everywhere like the Lord's garden and the land of Egypt. (This was before the Lord destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah.)
11. So Lot chose the entire plain of the Jordan for himself. Then Lot journeyed eastward, and they separated from each other.
12. Abram lived in the land of Canaan, but Lot lived in the cities on the plain and set up his tent near Sodom.
13. (Now the men of Sodom were evil, sinning immensely against the Lord.)
14. After Lot had separated from him, the Lord said to Abram, "Look from the place where you are. Look north and south, east and west,
15. for I will give you and your offspring forever all the land that you see.
16. I will make your offspring like the dust of the earth, so that if anyone could count the dust of the earth, then your offspring could be counted.
17. Get up and walk around the land, through its length and width, for I will give it to you."
18. So Abram moved his tent and went to live near the oaks of Mamre at Hebron, where he built an altar to the Lord.
1 Abram went up from Egypt to the Negev—he, his wife, and all he had, and Lot with him.
2 Abram was very rich in livestock, silver, and gold.
3 He went by stages from the Negev to Bethel, to the place between Bethel and Ai where his tent had formerly been,
4 to the site where he had built the altar. And Abram called on the name of the Lord there.
5 Now Lot, who was traveling with Abram, also had flocks, herds, and tents.
6 But the land was unable to support them as long as they stayed together, for they had so many possessions that they could not stay together,
7 and there was quarreling between the herdsmen of Abram’s livestock and the herdsmen of Lot’s livestock. (At that time the Canaanites and the Perizzites were living in the land.)
8 So Abram said to Lot, “Please, let’s not have quarreling between you and me, or between your herdsmen and my herdsmen, since we are relatives.
9 Isn’t the whole land before you? Separate from me: if you go to the left, I will go to the right; if you go to the right, I will go to the left.”
10 Lot looked out and saw that the entire plain of the Jordan as far as Zoar was well watered everywhere like the Lord’s garden and the land of Egypt. (This was before the Lord destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah.)
11 So Lot chose the entire plain of the Jordan for himself. Then Lot journeyed eastward, and they separated from each other.
12 Abram lived in the land of Canaan, but Lot lived in the cities on the plain and set up his tent near Sodom.
13 (Now the men of Sodom were evil, sinning immensely against the Lord.)
14 After Lot had separated from him, the Lord said to Abram, “Look from the place where you are. Look north and south, east and west,
15 for I will give you and your offspring forever all the land that you see.
16 I will make your offspring like the dust of the earth, so that if anyone could count the dust of the earth, then your offspring could be counted.
17 Get up and walk around the land, through its length and width, for I will give it to you.”
18 So Abram moved his tent and went to live near the oaks of Mamre at Hebron, where he built an altar to the Lord.

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Abram Rescues Lot
# Chapter 14
1. In those days King Amraphel of Shinar, King Arioch of Ellasar, King Chedorlaomer of Elam, and King Tidal of Goiim
2. waged war against King Bera of Sodom, King Birsha of Gomorrah, King Shinab of Admah, and King Shemeber of Zeboiim, as well as the king of Bela (that is, Zoar).
3. All of these came as allies to the Siddim Valley (that is, the Dead Sea).
4. They were subject to Chedorlaomer for twelve years, but in the thirteenth year they rebelled.
5. In the fourteenth year Chedorlaomer and the kings who were with him came and defeated the Rephaim in Ashteroth-karnaim, the Zuzim in Ham, the Emim in Shaveh-kiriathaim,
6. and the Horites in the mountains of Seir, as far as El-paran by the wilderness.
7. Then they came back to invade En-mishpat (that is, Kadesh), and they defeated the whole territory of the Amalekites, as well as the Amorites who lived in Hazazon-tamar.
8. Then the king of Sodom, the king of Gomorrah, the king of Admah, the king of Zeboiim, and the king of Bela (that is, Zoar) went out and lined up for battle in the Siddim Valley
9. against King Chedorlaomer of Elam, King Tidal of Goiim, King Amraphel of Shinar, and King Arioch of Ellasar--four kings against five.
10. Now the Siddim Valley contained many asphalt pits, and as the kings of Sodom and Gomorrah fled, some fell into them, but the rest fled to the mountains.
11. The four kings took all the goods of Sodom and Gomorrah and all their food and went on.
12. They also took Abram's nephew Lot and his possessions, for he was living in Sodom, and they went on.
13. One of the survivors came and told Abram the Hebrew, who lived near the oaks belonging to Mamre the Amorite, the brother of Eshcol and the brother of Aner. They were bound by a treaty with Abram.
14. When Abram heard that his relative had been taken prisoner, he assembled his 318 trained men, born in his household, and they went in pursuit as far as Dan.
15. And he and his servants deployed against them by night, defeated them, and pursued them as far as Hobah to the north of Damascus.
16. He brought back all the goods and also his relative Lot and his goods, as well as the women and the other people.
Melchizedek's Blessing
17. After Abram returned from defeating Chedorlaomer and the kings who were with him, the king of Sodom went out to meet him in the Shaveh Valley (that is, the King's Valley).
18. Melchizedek, king of Salem, brought out bread and wine; he was a priest to God Most High.
19. He blessed him and said:
1 In those days King Amraphel of Shinar, King Arioch of Ellasar, King Chedorlaomer of Elam, and King Tidal of Goiim
2 waged war against King Bera of Sodom, King Birsha of Gomorrah, King Shinab of Admah, and King Shemeber of Zeboiim, as well as the king of Bela (that is, Zoar).
3 All of these came as allies to the Siddim Valley (that is, the Dead Sea).
4 They were subject to Chedorlaomer for twelve years, but in the thirteenth year they rebelled.
5 In the fourteenth year Chedorlaomer and the kings who were with him came and defeated the Rephaim in Ashteroth-karnaim, the Zuzim in Ham, the Emim in Shaveh-kiriathaim,
6 and the Horites in the mountains of Seir, as far as El-paran by the wilderness.
7 Then they came back to invade En-mishpat (that is, Kadesh), and they defeated the whole territory of the Amalekites, as well as the Amorites who lived in Hazazon-tamar.
8 Then the king of Sodom, the king of Gomorrah, the king of Admah, the king of Zeboiim, and the king of Bela (that is, Zoar) went out and lined up for battle in the Siddim Valley
9 against King Chedorlaomer of Elam, King Tidal of Goiim, King Amraphel of Shinar, and King Arioch of Ellasar—four kings against five.
10 Now the Siddim Valley contained many asphalt pits, and as the kings of Sodom and Gomorrah fled, some fell into them, but the rest fled to the mountains.
11 The four kings took all the goods of Sodom and Gomorrah and all their food and went on.
12 They also took Abram’s nephew Lot and his possessions, for he was living in Sodom, and they went on.
13 One of the survivors came and told Abram the Hebrew, who lived near the oaks belonging to Mamre the Amorite, the brother of Eshcol and the brother of Aner. They were bound by a treaty with Abram.
14 When Abram heard that his relative had been taken prisoner, he assembled his 318 trained men, born in his household, and they went in pursuit as far as Dan.
15 And he and his servants deployed against them by night, defeated them, and pursued them as far as Hobah to the north of Damascus.
16 He brought back all the goods and also his relative Lot and his goods, as well as the women and the other people.
17 After Abram returned from defeating Chedorlaomer and the kings who were with him, the king of Sodom went out to meet him in the Shaveh Valley (that is, the King’s Valley).
18 Melchizedek, king of Salem, brought out bread and wine; he was a priest to God Most High.
19 He blessed him and said:
Abram is blessed by God Most High,
Creator of heaven and earth,
20. and blessed be God Most High
20 and blessed be God Most High
who has handed over your enemies to you.
And Abram gave him a tenth of everything.
21. Then the king of Sodom said to Abram, "Give me the people, but take the possessions for yourself."
22. But Abram said to the king of Sodom, "I have raised my hand in an oath to the Lord, God Most High, Creator of heaven and earth,
23. that I will not take a thread or sandal strap or anything that belongs to you, so you can never say, 'I made Abram rich.'
24. I will take nothing except what the servants have eaten. But as for the share of the men who came with me--Aner, Eshcol, and Mamre--they can take their share."
21 Then the king of Sodom said to Abram, “Give me the people, but take the possessions for yourself.”
22 But Abram said to the king of Sodom, “I have raised my hand in an oath to the Lord, God Most High, Creator of heaven and earth,
23 that I will not take a thread or sandal strap or anything that belongs to you, so you can never say, ‘I made Abram rich.’
24 I will take nothing except what the servants have eaten. But as for the share of the men who came with me—Aner, Eshcol, and Mamre—they can take their share.”

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The Abrahamic Covenant
# Chapter 15
1. After these events, the word of the Lord came to Abram in a vision:
1 After these events, the word of the Lord came to Abram in a vision:
Do not be afraid, Abram.
I am your shield;
your reward will be very great.
2. But Abram said, "Lord God, what can you give me, since I am childless and the heir of my house is Eliezer of Damascus?"
3. Abram continued, "Look, you have given me no offspring, so a slave born in my house will be my heir."
4. Now the word of the Lord came to him: "This one will not be your heir; instead, one who comes from your own body will be your heir."
5. He took him outside and said, "Look at the sky and count the stars, if you are able to count them." Then he said to him, "Your offspring will be that numerous."
6. Abram believed the Lord, and he credited it to him as righteousness.
7. He also said to him, "I am the Lord who brought you from Ur of the Chaldeans to give you this land to possess."
8. But he said, "Lord God, how can I know that I will possess it?"
9. He said to him, "Bring me a three-year-old cow, a three-year-old female goat, a three-year-old ram, a turtledove, and a young pigeon."
10. So he brought all these to him, cut them in half, and laid the pieces opposite each other, but he did not cut the birds in half.
11. Birds of prey came down on the carcasses, but Abram drove them away.
12. As the sun was setting, a deep sleep came over Abram, and suddenly great terror and darkness descended on him.
13. Then the Lord said to Abram, "Know this for certain: Your offspring will be resident aliens for four hundred years in a land that does not belong to them and will be enslaved and oppressed.
14. However, I will judge the nation they serve, and afterward they will go out with many possessions.
15. But you will go to your ancestors in peace and be buried at a good old age.
16. In the fourth generation they will return here, for the iniquity of the Amorites has not yet reached its full measure."
17. When the sun had set and it was dark, a smoking fire pot and a flaming torch appeared and passed between the divided animals.
18. On that day the Lord made a covenant with Abram, saying, "I give this land to your offspring, from the Brook of Egypt to the great river, the Euphrates River:
19. the land of the Kenites, Kenizzites, Kadmonites,
20. Hethites, Perizzites, Rephaim,
21. Amorites, Canaanites, Girgashites, and Jebusites."
2 But Abram said, “Lord God, what can you give me, since I am childless and the heir of my house is Eliezer of Damascus?”
3 Abram continued, “Look, you have given me no offspring, so a slave born in my house will be my heir.”
4 Now the word of the Lord came to him: “This one will not be your heir; instead, one who comes from your own body will be your heir.”
5 He took him outside and said, “Look at the sky and count the stars, if you are able to count them.” Then he said to him, “Your offspring will be that numerous.”
6 Abram believed the Lord, and he credited it to him as righteousness.
7 He also said to him, “I am the Lord who brought you from Ur of the Chaldeans to give you this land to possess.”
8 But he said, “Lord God, how can I know that I will possess it?”
9 He said to him, “Bring me a three-year-old cow, a three-year-old female goat, a three-year-old ram, a turtledove, and a young pigeon.”
10 So he brought all these to him, cut them in half, and laid the pieces opposite each other, but he did not cut the birds in half.
11 Birds of prey came down on the carcasses, but Abram drove them away.
12 As the sun was setting, a deep sleep came over Abram, and suddenly great terror and darkness descended on him.
13 Then the Lord said to Abram, “Know this for certain: Your offspring will be resident aliens for four hundred years in a land that does not belong to them and will be enslaved and oppressed.
14 However, I will judge the nation they serve, and afterward they will go out with many possessions.
15 But you will go to your ancestors in peace and be buried at a good old age.
16 In the fourth generation they will return here, for the iniquity of the Amorites has not yet reached its full measure.”
17 When the sun had set and it was dark, a smoking fire pot and a flaming torch appeared and passed between the divided animals.
18 On that day the Lord made a covenant with Abram, saying, “I give this land to your offspring, from the Brook of Egypt to the great river, the Euphrates River:
19 the land of the Kenites, Kenizzites, Kadmonites,
20 Hethites, Perizzites, Rephaim,
21 Amorites, Canaanites, Girgashites, and Jebusites.”

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Hagar and Ishmael
# Chapter 16
1. Abram's wife, Sarai, had not borne any children for him, but she owned an Egyptian slave named Hagar.
2. Sarai said to Abram, "Since the Lord has prevented me from bearing children, go to my slave; perhaps through her I can build a family." And Abram agreed to what Sarai said.
3. So Abram's wife, Sarai, took Hagar, her Egyptian slave, and gave her to her husband, Abram, as a wife for him. This happened after Abram had lived in the land of Canaan ten years.
4. He slept with Hagar, and she became pregnant. When she saw that she was pregnant, her mistress became contemptible to her.
5. Then Sarai said to Abram, "You are responsible for my suffering! I put my slave in your arms, and when she saw that she was pregnant, I became contemptible to her. May the Lord judge between me and you."
6. Abram replied to Sarai, "Here, your slave is in your power; do whatever you want with her." Then Sarai mistreated her so much that she ran away from her.
7. The angel of the Lord found her by a spring in the wilderness, the spring on the way to Shur.
8. He said, "Hagar, slave of Sarai, where have you come from and where are you going?"
She replied, "I'm running away from my mistress Sarai."
9. The angel of the Lord said to her, "Go back to your mistress and submit to her authority."
10. The angel of the Lord said to her, "I will greatly multiply your offspring, and they will be too many to count."
11. The angel of the Lord said to her, "You have conceived and will have a son. You will name him Ishmael, for the Lord has heard your cry of affliction.
12. This man will be like a wild donkey. His hand will be against everyone, and everyone's hand will be against him; he will settle near all his relatives."
13. So she named the Lord who spoke to her: "You are El-roi," for she said, "In this place, have I actually seen the one who sees me?"
14. That is why the well is called Beer-lahai-roi. It is between Kadesh and Bered.
15. So Hagar gave birth to Abram's son, and Abram named his son (whom Hagar bore) Ishmael.
16. Abram was eighty-six years old when Hagar bore Ishmael to him.
1 Abram’s wife, Sarai, had not borne any children for him, but she owned an Egyptian slave named Hagar.
2 Sarai said to Abram, “Since the Lord has prevented me from bearing children, go to my slave; perhaps through her I can build a family.” And Abram agreed to what Sarai said.
3 So Abram’s wife, Sarai, took Hagar, her Egyptian slave, and gave her to her husband, Abram, as a wife for him. This happened after Abram had lived in the land of Canaan ten years.
4 He slept with Hagar, and she became pregnant. When she saw that she was pregnant, her mistress became contemptible to her.
5 Then Sarai said to Abram, “You are responsible for my suffering! I put my slave in your arms, and when she saw that she was pregnant, I became contemptible to her. May the Lord judge between me and you.”
6 Abram replied to Sarai, “Here, your slave is in your power; do whatever you want with her.” Then Sarai mistreated her so much that she ran away from her.
7 The angel of the Lord found her by a spring in the wilderness, the spring on the way to Shur.
8 He said, “Hagar, slave of Sarai, where have you come from and where are you going?”
She replied, “I’m running away from my mistress Sarai.”
9 The angel of the Lord said to her, “Go back to your mistress and submit to her authority.”
10 The angel of the Lord said to her, “I will greatly multiply your offspring, and they will be too many to count.”
11 The angel of the Lord said to her, “You have conceived and will have a son. You will name him Ishmael, for the Lord has heard your cry of affliction.
12 This man will be like a wild donkey. His hand will be against everyone, and everyone’s hand will be against him; he will settle near all his relatives.”
13 So she named the Lord who spoke to her: “You are El-roi,” for she said, “In this place, have I actually seen the one who sees me?”
14 That is why the well is called Beer-lahai-roi. It is between Kadesh and Bered.
15 So Hagar gave birth to Abram’s son, and Abram named his son (whom Hagar bore) Ishmael.
16 Abram was eighty-six years old when Hagar bore Ishmael to him.

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Covenant Circumcision
# Chapter 17
1. When Abram was ninety-nine years old, the Lord appeared to him, saying, "I am God Almighty. Live in my presence and be blameless.
2. I will set up my covenant between me and you, and I will multiply you greatly."
3. Then Abram fell facedown and God spoke with him:
4. "As for me, here is my covenant with you: You will become the father of many nations.
5. Your name will no longer be Abram; your name will be Abraham, for I will make you the father of many nations.
6. I will make you extremely fruitful and will make nations and kings come from you.
7. I will confirm my covenant that is between me and you and your future offspring throughout their generations. It is a permanent covenant to be your God and the God of your offspring after you.
8. And to you and your future offspring I will give the land where you are residing--all the land of Canaan--as a permanent possession, and I will be their God."
9. God also said to Abraham, "As for you, you and your offspring after you throughout their generations are to keep my covenant.
10. This is my covenant between me and you and your offspring after you, which you are to keep: Every one of your males must be circumcised.
11. You must circumcise the flesh of your foreskin to serve as a sign of the covenant between me and you.
12. Throughout your generations, every male among you is to be circumcised at eight days old--every male born in your household or purchased from any foreigner and not your offspring.
13. Whether born in your household or purchased, he must be circumcised. My covenant will be marked in your flesh as a permanent covenant.
14. If any male is not circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin, that man will be cut off from his people; he has broken my covenant."
15. God said to Abraham, "As for your wife Sarai, do not call her Sarai, for Sarah will be her name.
16. I will bless her; indeed, I will give you a son by her. I will bless her, and she will produce nations; kings of peoples will come from her."
17. Abraham fell facedown. Then he laughed and said to himself, "Can a child be born to a hundred-year-old man? Can Sarah, a ninety-year-old woman, give birth?"
18. So Abraham said to God, "If only Ishmael were acceptable to you!"
19. But God said, "No. Your wife Sarah will bear you a son, and you will name him Isaac. I will confirm my covenant with him as a permanent covenant for his future offspring.
20. As for Ishmael, I have heard you. I will certainly bless him; I will make him fruitful and will multiply him greatly. He will father twelve tribal leaders, and I will make him into a great nation.
21. But I will confirm my covenant with Isaac, whom Sarah will bear to you at this time next year."
22. When he finished talking with him, God withdrew from Abraham.
23. So Abraham took his son Ishmael and those born in his household or purchased--every male among the members of Abraham's household--and he circumcised the flesh of their foreskin on that very day, just as God had said to him.
24. Abraham was ninety-nine years old when the flesh of his foreskin was circumcised,
25. and his son Ishmael was thirteen years old when the flesh of his foreskin was circumcised.
26. On that very day Abraham and his son Ishmael were circumcised.
27. And all the men of his household--whether born in his household or purchased from a foreigner--were circumcised with him.
1 When Abram was ninety-nine years old, the Lord appeared to him, saying, “I am God Almighty. Live in my presence and be blameless.
2 I will set up my covenant between me and you, and I will multiply you greatly.”
3 Then Abram fell facedown and God spoke with him:
4 “As for me, here is my covenant with you: You will become the father of many nations.
5 Your name will no longer be Abram; your name will be Abraham, for I will make you the father of many nations.
6 I will make you extremely fruitful and will make nations and kings come from you.
7 I will confirm my covenant that is between me and you and your future offspring throughout their generations. It is a permanent covenant to be your God and the God of your offspring after you.
8 And to you and your future offspring I will give the land where you are residing—all the land of Canaan—as a permanent possession, and I will be their God.”
9 God also said to Abraham, “As for you, you and your offspring after you throughout their generations are to keep my covenant.
10 This is my covenant between me and you and your offspring after you, which you are to keep: Every one of your males must be circumcised.
11 You must circumcise the flesh of your foreskin to serve as a sign of the covenant between me and you.
12 Throughout your generations, every male among you is to be circumcised at eight days old—every male born in your household or purchased from any foreigner and not your offspring.
13 Whether born in your household or purchased, he must be circumcised. My covenant will be marked in your flesh as a permanent covenant.
14 If any male is not circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin, that man will be cut off from his people; he has broken my covenant.”
15 God said to Abraham, “As for your wife Sarai, do not call her Sarai, for Sarah will be her name.
16 I will bless her; indeed, I will give you a son by her. I will bless her, and she will produce nations; kings of peoples will come from her.”
17 Abraham fell facedown. Then he laughed and said to himself, “Can a child be born to a hundred-year-old man? Can Sarah, a ninety-year-old woman, give birth?”
18 So Abraham said to God, “If only Ishmael were acceptable to you!”
19 But God said, “No. Your wife Sarah will bear you a son, and you will name him Isaac. I will confirm my covenant with him as a permanent covenant for his future offspring.
20 As for Ishmael, I have heard you. I will certainly bless him; I will make him fruitful and will multiply him greatly. He will father twelve tribal leaders, and I will make him into a great nation.
21 But I will confirm my covenant with Isaac, whom Sarah will bear to you at this time next year.”
22 When he finished talking with him, God withdrew from Abraham.
23 So Abraham took his son Ishmael and those born in his household or purchased—every male among the members of Abraham’s household—and he circumcised the flesh of their foreskin on that very day, just as God had said to him.
24 Abraham was ninety-nine years old when the flesh of his foreskin was circumcised,
25 and his son Ishmael was thirteen years old when the flesh of his foreskin was circumcised.
26 On that very day Abraham and his son Ishmael were circumcised.
27 And all the men of his household—whether born in his household or purchased from a foreigner—were circumcised with him.

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Abraham's Three Visitors
# Chapter 18
1. The Lord appeared to Abraham at the oaks of Mamre while he was sitting at the entrance of his tent during the heat of the day.
2. He looked up, and he saw three men standing near him. When he saw them, he ran from the entrance of the tent to meet them, bowed to the ground,
3. and said, "My lord, if I have found favor with you, please do not go on past your servant.
4. Let a little water be brought, that you may wash your feet and rest yourselves under the tree.
5. I will bring a bit of bread so that you may strengthen yourselves. This is why you have passed your servant's way. Later, you can continue on."
"Yes," they replied, "do as you have said."
6. So Abraham hurried into the tent and said to Sarah, "Quick! Knead three measures of fine flour and make bread."
7. Abraham ran to the herd and got a tender, choice calf. He gave it to a young man, who hurried to prepare it.
8. Then Abraham took curds and milk, as well as the calf that he had prepared, and set them before the men. He served them as they ate under the tree.
Sarah Laughs
9. "Where is your wife Sarah?" they asked him.
"There, in the tent," he answered.
10. The Lord said, "I will certainly come back to you in about a year's time, and your wife Sarah will have a son!" Now Sarah was listening at the entrance of the tent behind him.
11. Abraham and Sarah were old and getting on in years. Sarah had passed the age of childbearing.
12. So she laughed to herself: "After I am worn out and my lord is old, will I have delight?"
13.
But the Lord asked Abraham, "Why did Sarah laugh, saying, 'Can I really have a baby when I'm old?'
14. Is anything impossible for the Lord? At the appointed time I will come back to you, and in about a year she will have a son."
15. Sarah denied it. "I did not laugh," she said, because she was afraid.
But he replied, "No, you did laugh."
Abraham's Plea for Sodom
16. The men got up from there and looked out over Sodom, and Abraham was walking with them to see them off.
17. Then the Lord said, "Should I hide what I am about to do from Abraham?
18. Abraham is to become a great and powerful nation, and all the nations of the earth will be blessed through him.
19. For I have chosen him so that he will command his children and his house after him to keep the way of the Lord by doing what is right and just. This is how the Lord will fulfill to Abraham what he promised him."
20. Then the Lord said, "The outcry against Sodom and Gomorrah is immense, and their sin is extremely serious.
21. I will go down to see if what they have done justifies the cry that has come up to me. If not, I will find out."
22. The men turned from there and went toward Sodom while Abraham remained standing before the Lord.
23. Abraham stepped forward and said, "Will you really sweep away the righteous with the wicked?
24. What if there are fifty righteous people in the city? Will you really sweep it away instead of sparing the place for the sake of the fifty righteous people who are in it?
25. You could not possibly do such a thing: to kill the righteous with the wicked, treating the righteous and the wicked alike. You could not possibly do that! Won't the Judge of the whole earth do what is just?"
26. The Lord said, "If I find fifty righteous people in the city of Sodom, I will spare the whole place for their sake."
27. Then Abraham answered, "Since I have ventured to speak to my lord--even though I am dust and ashes--
28. suppose the fifty righteous lack five. Will you destroy the whole city for lack of five?"
He replied, "I will not destroy it if I find forty-five there."
29. Then he spoke to him again, "Suppose forty are found there?"
He answered, "I will not do it on account of forty."
30. Then he said, "Let my lord not be angry, and I will speak further. Suppose thirty are found there?"
He answered, "I will not do it if I find thirty there."
31. Then he said, "Since I have ventured to speak to my lord, suppose twenty are found there?"
He replied, "I will not destroy it on account of twenty."
32. Then he said, "Let my lord not be angry, and I will speak one more time. Suppose ten are found there?"
He answered, "I will not destroy it on account of ten."
33. When the Lord had finished speaking with Abraham, he departed, and Abraham returned to his place.
1 The Lord appeared to Abraham at the oaks of Mamre while he was sitting at the entrance of his tent during the heat of the day.
2 He looked up, and he saw three men standing near him. When he saw them, he ran from the entrance of the tent to meet them, bowed to the ground,
3 and said, “My lord, if I have found favor with you, please do not go on past your servant.
4 Let a little water be brought, that you may wash your feet and rest yourselves under the tree.
5 I will bring a bit of bread so that you may strengthen yourselves. This is why you have passed your servant’s way. Later, you can continue on.”
“Yes,” they replied, “do as you have said.”
6 So Abraham hurried into the tent and said to Sarah, “Quick! Knead three measures of fine flour and make bread.”
7 Abraham ran to the herd and got a tender, choice calf. He gave it to a young man, who hurried to prepare it.
8 Then Abraham took curds and milk, as well as the calf that he had prepared, and set them before the men. He served them as they ate under the tree.
9 “Where is your wife Sarah?” they asked him.
“There, in the tent,” he answered.
10 The Lord said, “I will certainly come back to you in about a year’s time, and your wife Sarah will have a son!” Now Sarah was listening at the entrance of the tent behind him.
11 Abraham and Sarah were old and getting on in years. Sarah had passed the age of childbearing.
12 So she laughed to herself: “After I am worn out and my lord is old, will I have delight?”
13 But the Lord asked Abraham, “Why did Sarah laugh, saying, ‘Can I really have a baby when I’m old?’
14 Is anything impossible for the Lord? At the appointed time I will come back to you, and in about a year she will have a son.”
15 Sarah denied it. “I did not laugh,” she said, because she was afraid.
But he replied, “No, you did laugh.”
16 The men got up from there and looked out over Sodom, and Abraham was walking with them to see them off.
17 Then the Lord said, “Should I hide what I am about to do from Abraham?
18 Abraham is to become a great and powerful nation, and all the nations of the earth will be blessed through him.
19 For I have chosen him so that he will command his children and his house after him to keep the way of the Lord by doing what is right and just. This is how the Lord will fulfill to Abraham what he promised him.”
20 Then the Lord said, “The outcry against Sodom and Gomorrah is immense, and their sin is extremely serious.
21 I will go down to see if what they have done justifies the cry that has come up to me. If not, I will find out.”
22 The men turned from there and went toward Sodom while Abraham remained standing before the Lord.
23 Abraham stepped forward and said, “Will you really sweep away the righteous with the wicked?
24 What if there are fifty righteous people in the city? Will you really sweep it away instead of sparing the place for the sake of the fifty righteous people who are in it?
25 You could not possibly do such a thing: to kill the righteous with the wicked, treating the righteous and the wicked alike. You could not possibly do that! Won’t the Judge of the whole earth do what is just?”
26 The Lord said, “If I find fifty righteous people in the city of Sodom, I will spare the whole place for their sake.”
27 Then Abraham answered, “Since I have ventured to speak to my lord—even though I am dust and ashes—
28 suppose the fifty righteous lack five. Will you destroy the whole city for lack of five?”
He replied, “I will not destroy it if I find forty-five there.”
29 Then he spoke to him again, “Suppose forty are found there?”
He answered, “I will not do it on account of forty.”
30 Then he said, “Let my lord not be angry, and I will speak further. Suppose thirty are found there?”
He answered, “I will not do it if I find thirty there.”
31 Then he said, “Since I have ventured to speak to my lord, suppose twenty are found there?”
He replied, “I will not destroy it on account of twenty.”
32 Then he said, “Let my lord not be angry, and I will speak one more time. Suppose ten are found there?”
He answered, “I will not destroy it on account of ten.”
33 When the Lord had finished speaking with Abraham, he departed, and Abraham returned to his place.

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The Destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah
# Chapter 19
1. The two angels entered Sodom in the evening as Lot was sitting in Sodom's gateway. When Lot saw them, he got up to meet them. He bowed with his face to the ground
2. and said, "My lords, turn aside to your servant's house, wash your feet, and spend the night. Then you can get up early and go on your way."
"No," they said. "We would rather spend the night in the square."
3. But he urged them so strongly that they followed him and went into his house. He prepared a feast and baked unleavened bread for them, and they ate.
4. Before they went to bed, the men of the city of Sodom, both young and old, the whole population, surrounded the house.
5. They called out to Lot and said, "Where are the men who came to you tonight? Send them out to us so we can have sex with them!"
6. Lot went out to them at the entrance and shut the door behind him.
7. He said, "Don't do this evil, my brothers.
8. Look, I've got two daughters who haven't been intimate with a man. I'll bring them out to you, and you can do whatever you want to them. However, don't do anything to these men, because they have come under the protection of my roof."
9. "Get out of the way!" they said, adding, "This one came here as an alien, but he's acting like a judge! Now we'll do more harm to you than to them." They put pressure on Lot and came up to break down the door.
10. But the angels reached out, brought Lot into the house with them, and shut the door.
11. They struck the men who were at the entrance of the house, both young and old, with blindness so that they were unable to find the entrance.
12. Then the angels said to Lot, "Do you have anyone else here: a son-in-law, your sons and daughters, or anyone else in the city who belongs to you? Get them out of this place,
13. for we are about to destroy this place because the outcry against its people is so great before the Lord, that the Lord has sent us to destroy it."
14. So Lot went out and spoke to his sons-in-law, who were going to marry his daughters. "Get up," he said. "Get out of this place, for the Lord is about to destroy the city!" But his sons-in-law thought he was joking.
15. At daybreak the angels urged Lot on: "Get up! Take your wife and your two daughters who are here, or you will be swept away in the punishment of the city."
16. But he hesitated. Because of the Lord's compassion for him, the men grabbed his hand, his wife's hand, and the hands of his two daughters. They brought him out and left him outside the city.
17. As soon as the angels got them outside, one of them said, "Run for your lives! Don't look back and don't stop anywhere on the plain! Run to the mountains, or you will be swept away!"
18. But Lot said to them, "No, my lords--please.
19. Your servant has indeed found favor with you, and you have shown me great kindness by saving my life. But I can't run to the mountains; the disaster will overtake me, and I will die.
20. Look, this town is close enough for me to flee to. It is a small place. Please let me run to it--it's only a small place, isn't it?--so that I can survive."
21. And he said to him, "All right, I'll grant your request about this matter too and will not demolish the town you mentioned.
22. Hurry up! Run to it, for I cannot do anything until you get there." Therefore the name of the city is Zoar.
23. The sun had risen over the land when Lot reached Zoar.
24. Then out of the sky the Lord rained on Sodom and Gomorrah burning sulfur from the Lord.
25. He demolished these cities, the entire plain, all the inhabitants of the cities, and whatever grew on the ground.
26. But Lot's wife looked back and became a pillar of salt.
27. Early in the morning Abraham went to the place where he had stood before the Lord.
28. He looked down toward Sodom and Gomorrah and all the land of the plain, and he saw that smoke was going up from the land like the smoke of a furnace.
29. So it was, when God destroyed the cities of the plain, he remembered Abraham and brought Lot out of the middle of the upheaval when he demolished the cities where Lot had lived.
The Origin of Moab and Ammon
30. Lot departed from Zoar and lived in the mountains along with his two daughters, because he was afraid to live in Zoar. Instead, he and his two daughters lived in a cave.
31. Then the firstborn said to the younger, "Our father is old, and there is no man in the land to sleep with us as is the custom of all the land.
32. Come, let's get our father to drink wine so that we can sleep with him and preserve our father's line."
33. So they got their father to drink wine that night, and the firstborn came and slept with her father; he did not know when she lay down or when she got up.
34. The next day the firstborn said to the younger, "Look, I slept with my father last night. Let's get him to drink wine again tonight so you can go sleep with him and we can preserve our father's line."
35. That night they again got their father to drink wine, and the younger went and slept with him; he did not know when she lay down or when she got up.
36. So both of Lot's daughters became pregnant by their father.
37. The firstborn gave birth to a son and named him Moab. He is the father of the Moabites of today.
38. The younger also gave birth to a son, and she named him Ben-ammi. He is the father of the Ammonites of today.
1 The two angels entered Sodom in the evening as Lot was sitting in Sodom’s gateway. When Lot saw them, he got up to meet them. He bowed with his face to the ground
2 and said, “My lords, turn aside to your servant’s house, wash your feet, and spend the night. Then you can get up early and go on your way.”
“No,” they said. “We would rather spend the night in the square.”
3 But he urged them so strongly that they followed him and went into his house. He prepared a feast and baked unleavened bread for them, and they ate.
4 Before they went to bed, the men of the city of Sodom, both young and old, the whole population, surrounded the house.
5 They called out to Lot and said, “Where are the men who came to you tonight? Send them out to us so we can have sex with them!”
6 Lot went out to them at the entrance and shut the door behind him.
7 He said, “Don’t do this evil, my brothers.
8 Look, I’ve got two daughters who haven’t been intimate with a man. I’ll bring them out to you, and you can do whatever you want to them. However, don’t do anything to these men, because they have come under the protection of my roof.”
9 “Get out of the way!” they said, adding, “This one came here as an alien, but he’s acting like a judge! Now we’ll do more harm to you than to them.” They put pressure on Lot and came up to break down the door.
10 But the angels reached out, brought Lot into the house with them, and shut the door.
11 They struck the men who were at the entrance of the house, both young and old, with blindness so that they were unable to find the entrance.
12 Then the angels said to Lot, “Do you have anyone else here: a son-in-law, your sons and daughters, or anyone else in the city who belongs to you? Get them out of this place,
13 for we are about to destroy this place because the outcry against its people is so great before the Lord, that the Lord has sent us to destroy it.”
14 So Lot went out and spoke to his sons-in-law, who were going to marry his daughters. “Get up,” he said. “Get out of this place, for the Lord is about to destroy the city!” But his sons-in-law thought he was joking.
15 At daybreak the angels urged Lot on: “Get up! Take your wife and your two daughters who are here, or you will be swept away in the punishment of the city.”
16 But he hesitated. Because of the Lord’s compassion for him, the men grabbed his hand, his wife’s hand, and the hands of his two daughters. They brought him out and left him outside the city.
17 As soon as the angels got them outside, one of them said, “Run for your lives! Don’t look back and don’t stop anywhere on the plain! Run to the mountains, or you will be swept away!”
18 But Lot said to them, “No, my lords—please.
19 Your servant has indeed found favor with you, and you have shown me great kindness by saving my life. But I can’t run to the mountains; the disaster will overtake me, and I will die.
20 Look, this town is close enough for me to flee to. It is a small place. Please let me run to it—it’s only a small place, isn’t it?—so that I can survive.”
21 And he said to him, “All right, I’ll grant your request about this matter too and will not demolish the town you mentioned.
22 Hurry up! Run to it, for I cannot do anything until you get there.” Therefore the name of the city is Zoar.
23 The sun had risen over the land when Lot reached Zoar.
24 Then out of the sky the Lord rained on Sodom and Gomorrah burning sulfur from the Lord.
25 He demolished these cities, the entire plain, all the inhabitants of the cities, and whatever grew on the ground.
26 But Lot’s wife looked back and became a pillar of salt.
27 Early in the morning Abraham went to the place where he had stood before the Lord.
28 He looked down toward Sodom and Gomorrah and all the land of the plain, and he saw that smoke was going up from the land like the smoke of a furnace.
29 So it was, when God destroyed the cities of the plain, he remembered Abraham and brought Lot out of the middle of the upheaval when he demolished the cities where Lot had lived.
30 Lot departed from Zoar and lived in the mountains along with his two daughters, because he was afraid to live in Zoar. Instead, he and his two daughters lived in a cave.
31 Then the firstborn said to the younger, “Our father is old, and there is no man in the land to sleep with us as is the custom of all the land.
32 Come, let’s get our father to drink wine so that we can sleep with him and preserve our father’s line.”
33 So they got their father to drink wine that night, and the firstborn came and slept with her father; he did not know when she lay down or when she got up.
34 The next day the firstborn said to the younger, “Look, I slept with my father last night. Let’s get him to drink wine again tonight so you can go sleep with him and we can preserve our father’s line.”
35 That night they again got their father to drink wine, and the younger went and slept with him; he did not know when she lay down or when she got up.
36 So both of Lot’s daughters became pregnant by their father.
37 The firstborn gave birth to a son and named him Moab. He is the father of the Moabites of today.
38 The younger also gave birth to a son, and she named him Ben-ammi. He is the father of the Ammonites of today.

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Sarah Rescued from Abimelech
# Chapter 20
1. From there Abraham traveled to the region of the Negev and settled between Kadesh and Shur. While he was staying in Gerar,
2. Abraham said about his wife Sarah, "She is my sister." So King Abimelech of Gerar had Sarah brought to him.
3. But God came to Abimelech in a dream by night and said to him, "You are about to die because of the woman you have taken, for she is a married woman."
4. Now Abimelech had not approached her, so he said, "Lord, would you destroy a nation even though it is innocent?
5. Didn't he himself say to me, 'She is my sister'? And she herself said, 'He is my brother.' I did this with a clear conscience and clean hands."
6. Then God said to him in the dream, "Yes, I know that you did this with a clear conscience. I have also kept you from sinning against me. Therefore I have not let you touch her.
7. Now return the man's wife, for he is a prophet, and he will pray for you and you will live. But if you do not return her, know that you will certainly die, you and all who are yours."
8. Early in the morning Abimelech got up, called all his servants together, and personally told them all these things, and the men were terrified.
9. Then Abimelech called Abraham in and said to him, "What have you done to us? How did I sin against you that you have brought such enormous guilt on me and on my kingdom? You have done things to me that should never be done."
10. Abimelech also asked Abraham, "What made you do this?"
11. Abraham replied, "I thought, 'There is absolutely no fear of God in this place. They will kill me because of my wife.'
12. Besides, she really is my sister, the daughter of my father though not the daughter of my mother, and she became my wife.
13. So when God had me wander from my father's house, I said to her: Show your loyalty to me wherever we go and say about me, 'He's my brother.'"
14. Then Abimelech took flocks and herds and male and female slaves, gave them to Abraham, and returned his wife Sarah to him.
15. Abimelech said, "Look, my land is before you. Settle wherever you want."
16. And he said to Sarah, "Look, I am giving your brother one thousand pieces of silver. It is a verification of your honor to all who are with you. You are fully vindicated."
17. Then Abraham prayed to God, and God healed Abimelech, his wife, and his female slaves so that they could bear children,
18. for the Lord had completely closed all the wombs in Abimelech's household on account of Sarah, Abraham's wife.
1 From there Abraham traveled to the region of the Negev and settled between Kadesh and Shur. While he was staying in Gerar,
2 Abraham said about his wife Sarah, “She is my sister.” So King Abimelech of Gerar had Sarah brought to him.
3 But God came to Abimelech in a dream by night and said to him, “You are about to die because of the woman you have taken, for she is a married woman.”
4 Now Abimelech had not approached her, so he said, “Lord, would you destroy a nation even though it is innocent?
5 Didn’t he himself say to me, ‘She is my sister’? And she herself said, ‘He is my brother.’ I did this with a clear conscience and clean hands.”
6 Then God said to him in the dream, “Yes, I know that you did this with a clear conscience. I have also kept you from sinning against me. Therefore I have not let you touch her.
7 Now return the man’s wife, for he is a prophet, and he will pray for you and you will live. But if you do not return her, know that you will certainly die, you and all who are yours.”
8 Early in the morning Abimelech got up, called all his servants together, and personally told them all these things, and the men were terrified.
9 Then Abimelech called Abraham in and said to him, “What have you done to us? How did I sin against you that you have brought such enormous guilt on me and on my kingdom? You have done things to me that should never be done.”
10 Abimelech also asked Abraham, “What made you do this?”
11 Abraham replied, “I thought, ‘There is absolutely no fear of God in this place. They will kill me because of my wife.’
12 Besides, she really is my sister, the daughter of my father though not the daughter of my mother, and she became my wife.
13 So when God had me wander from my father’s house, I said to her: Show your loyalty to me wherever we go and say about me, ‘He’s my brother.’”
14 Then Abimelech took flocks and herds and male and female slaves, gave them to Abraham, and returned his wife Sarah to him.
15 Abimelech said, “Look, my land is before you. Settle wherever you want.”
16 And he said to Sarah, “Look, I am giving your brother one thousand pieces of silver. It is a verification of your honor to all who are with you. You are fully vindicated.”
17 Then Abraham prayed to God, and God healed Abimelech, his wife, and his female slaves so that they could bear children,
18 for the Lord had completely closed all the wombs in Abimelech’s household on account of Sarah, Abraham’s wife.

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The Birth of Isaac
# Chapter 21
1. The Lord came to Sarah as he had said, and the Lord did for Sarah what he had promised.
2. Sarah became pregnant and bore a son to Abraham in his old age, at the appointed time God had told him.
3. Abraham named his son who was born to him--the one Sarah bore to him--Isaac.
4. When his son Isaac was eight days old, Abraham circumcised him, as God had commanded him.
5. Abraham was a hundred years old when his son Isaac was born to him.
6. Sarah said, "God has made me laugh, and everyone who hears will laugh with me."
7. She also said, "Who would have told Abraham that Sarah would nurse children? Yet I have borne a son for him in his old age."
Hagar and Ishmael Sent Away
8. The child grew and was weaned, and Abraham held a great feast on the day Isaac was weaned.
9. But Sarah saw the son mocking--the one Hagar the Egyptian had borne to Abraham.
10. So she said to Abraham, "Drive out this slave with her son, for the son of this slave will not be a coheir with my son Isaac!"
11. This was very distressing to Abraham because of his son.
12. But God said to Abraham, "Do not be distressed about the boy and about your slave. Whatever Sarah says to you, listen to her, because your offspring will be traced through Isaac,
13. and I will also make a nation of the slave's son because he is your offspring."
14. Early in the morning Abraham got up, took bread and a waterskin, put them on Hagar's shoulders, and sent her and the boy away. She left and wandered in the Wilderness of Beer-sheba.
15. When the water in the skin was gone, she left the boy under one of the bushes
16. and went and sat at a distance, about a bowshot away, for she said, "I can't bear to watch the boy die!" While she sat at a distance, she wept loudly.
17. God heard the boy crying, and the angel of God called to Hagar from heaven and said to her, "What's wrong, Hagar? Don't be afraid, for God has heard the boy crying from the place where he is.
18. Get up, help the boy up, and grasp his hand, for I will make him a great nation."
19. Then God opened her eyes, and she saw a well. So she went and filled the waterskin and gave the boy a drink.
20. God was with the boy, and he grew; he settled in the wilderness and became an archer.
21. He settled in the Wilderness of Paran, and his mother got a wife for him from the land of Egypt.
Abraham's Covenant with Abimelech
22. At that time Abimelech, accompanied by Phicol the commander of his army, said to Abraham, "God is with you in everything you do.
23. Swear to me by God here and now, that you will not break an agreement with me or with my children and descendants. As I have been loyal to you, so you will be loyal to me and to the country where you are a resident alien."
24. And Abraham said, "I swear it."
25. But Abraham complained to Abimelech because of the well that Abimelech's servants had seized.
26. Abimelech replied, "I don't know who did this thing. You didn't report anything to me, so I hadn't heard about it until today."
27. Abraham took flocks and herds and gave them to Abimelech, and the two of them made a covenant.
28. Abraham separated seven ewe lambs from the flock.
29. And Abimelech said to Abraham, "Why have you separated these seven ewe lambs?"
30. He replied, "You are to accept the seven ewe lambs from me so that this act will serve as my witness that I dug this well."
31. Therefore that place was called Beer-sheba because it was there that the two of them swore an oath.
32. After they had made a covenant at Beer-sheba, Abimelech and Phicol, the commander of his army, left and returned to the land of the Philistines.
33. Abraham planted a tamarisk tree in Beer-sheba, and there he called on the name of the Lord, the Everlasting God.
34. And Abraham lived as an alien in the land of the Philistines for many days.
1 The Lord came to Sarah as he had said, and the Lord did for Sarah what he had promised.
2 Sarah became pregnant and bore a son to Abraham in his old age, at the appointed time God had told him.
3 Abraham named his son who was born to him—the one Sarah bore to him—Isaac.
4 When his son Isaac was eight days old, Abraham circumcised him, as God had commanded him.
5 Abraham was a hundred years old when his son Isaac was born to him.
6 Sarah said, “God has made me laugh, and everyone who hears will laugh with me.”
7 She also said, “Who would have told Abraham that Sarah would nurse children? Yet I have borne a son for him in his old age.”
8 The child grew and was weaned, and Abraham held a great feast on the day Isaac was weaned.
9 But Sarah saw the son mocking—the one Hagar the Egyptian had borne to Abraham.
10 So she said to Abraham, “Drive out this slave with her son, for the son of this slave will not be a coheir with my son Isaac!”
11 This was very distressing to Abraham because of his son.
12 But God said to Abraham, “Do not be distressed about the boy and about your slave. Whatever Sarah says to you, listen to her, because your offspring will be traced through Isaac,
13 and I will also make a nation of the slave’s son because he is your offspring.”
14 Early in the morning Abraham got up, took bread and a waterskin, put them on Hagar’s shoulders, and sent her and the boy away. She left and wandered in the Wilderness of Beer-sheba.
15 When the water in the skin was gone, she left the boy under one of the bushes
16 and went and sat at a distance, about a bowshot away, for she said, “I can’t bear to watch the boy die!” While she sat at a distance, she wept loudly.
17 God heard the boy crying, and the angel of God called to Hagar from heaven and said to her, “What’s wrong, Hagar? Don’t be afraid, for God has heard the boy crying from the place where he is.
18 Get up, help the boy up, and grasp his hand, for I will make him a great nation.”
19 Then God opened her eyes, and she saw a well. So she went and filled the waterskin and gave the boy a drink.
20 God was with the boy, and he grew; he settled in the wilderness and became an archer.
21 He settled in the Wilderness of Paran, and his mother got a wife for him from the land of Egypt.
22 At that time Abimelech, accompanied by Phicol the commander of his army, said to Abraham, “God is with you in everything you do.
23 Swear to me by God here and now, that you will not break an agreement with me or with my children and descendants. As I have been loyal to you, so you will be loyal to me and to the country where you are a resident alien.”
24 And Abraham said, “I swear it.”
25 But Abraham complained to Abimelech because of the well that Abimelech’s servants had seized.
26 Abimelech replied, “I don’t know who did this thing. You didn’t report anything to me, so I hadn’t heard about it until today.”
27 Abraham took flocks and herds and gave them to Abimelech, and the two of them made a covenant.
28 Abraham separated seven ewe lambs from the flock.
29 And Abimelech said to Abraham, “Why have you separated these seven ewe lambs?”
30 He replied, “You are to accept the seven ewe lambs from me so that this act will serve as my witness that I dug this well.”
31 Therefore that place was called Beer-sheba because it was there that the two of them swore an oath.
32 After they had made a covenant at Beer-sheba, Abimelech and Phicol, the commander of his army, left and returned to the land of the Philistines.
33 Abraham planted a tamarisk tree in Beer-sheba, and there he called on the name of the Lord, the Everlasting God.
34 And Abraham lived as an alien in the land of the Philistines for many days.

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The Sacrifice of Isaac
# Chapter 22
1. After these things God tested Abraham and said to him, "Abraham!"
"Here I am," he answered.
2. "Take your son," he said, "your only son Isaac, whom you love, go to the land of Moriah, and offer him there as a burnt offering on one of the mountains I will tell you about."
3. So Abraham got up early in the morning, saddled his donkey, and took with him two of his young men and his son Isaac. He split wood for a burnt offering and set out to go to the place God had told him about.
4. On the third day Abraham looked up and saw the place in the distance.
5. Then Abraham said to his young men, "Stay here with the donkey. The boy and I will go over there to worship; then we'll come back to you."
6. Abraham took the wood for the burnt offering and laid it on his son Isaac. In his hand he took the fire and the knife, and the two of them walked on together.
7. Then Isaac spoke to his father Abraham and said, "My father."
And he replied, "Here I am, my son."
Isaac said, "The fire and the wood are here, but where is the lamb for the burnt offering?"
8. Abraham answered, "God himself will provide the lamb for the burnt offering, my son." Then the two of them walked on together.
9. When they arrived at the place that God had told him about, Abraham built the altar there and arranged the wood. He bound his son Isaac and placed him on the altar on top of the wood.
10. Then Abraham reached out and took the knife to slaughter his son.
11. But the angel of the Lord called to him from heaven and said, "Abraham, Abraham!"
He replied, "Here I am."
12. Then he said, "Do not lay a hand on the boy or do anything to him. For now I know that you fear God, since you have not withheld your only son from me."
13. Abraham looked up and saw a ram caught in the thicket by its horns. So Abraham went and took the ram and offered it as a burnt offering in place of his son.
14. And Abraham named that place The Lord Will Provide, so today it is said, "It will be provided on the Lord's mountain."
15. Then the angel of the Lord called to Abraham a second time from heaven
16. and said, "By myself I have sworn," this is the Lord's declaration: "Because you have done this thing and have not withheld your only son,
17. I will indeed bless you and make your offspring as numerous as the stars of the sky and the sand on the seashore. Your offspring will possess the city gates of their enemies.
18. And all the nations of the earth will be blessed by your offspring because you have obeyed my command."
19. Abraham went back to his young men, and they got up and went together to Beer-sheba. And Abraham settled in Beer-sheba.
Rebekah's Family
20. Now after these things Abraham was told, "Milcah also has borne sons to your brother Nahor:
21. Uz his firstborn, his brother Buz, Kemuel the father of Aram,
22. Chesed, Hazo, Pildash, Jidlaph, and Bethuel."
23. And Bethuel fathered Rebekah. Milcah bore these eight to Nahor, Abraham's brother.
24. His concubine, whose name was Reumah, also bore Tebah, Gaham, Tahash, and Maacah.
1 After these things God tested Abraham and said to him, “Abraham!”
“Here I am,” he answered.
2 “Take your son,” he said, “your only son Isaac, whom you love, go to the land of Moriah, and offer him there as a burnt offering on one of the mountains I will tell you about.”
3 So Abraham got up early in the morning, saddled his donkey, and took with him two of his young men and his son Isaac. He split wood for a burnt offering and set out to go to the place God had told him about.
4 On the third day Abraham looked up and saw the place in the distance.
5 Then Abraham said to his young men, “Stay here with the donkey. The boy and I will go over there to worship; then we’ll come back to you.”
6 Abraham took the wood for the burnt offering and laid it on his son Isaac. In his hand he took the fire and the knife, and the two of them walked on together.
7 Then Isaac spoke to his father Abraham and said, “My father.”
And he replied, “Here I am, my son.”
Isaac said, “The fire and the wood are here, but where is the lamb for the burnt offering?”
8 Abraham answered, “God himself will provide the lamb for the burnt offering, my son.” Then the two of them walked on together.
9 When they arrived at the place that God had told him about, Abraham built the altar there and arranged the wood. He bound his son Isaac and placed him on the altar on top of the wood.
10 Then Abraham reached out and took the knife to slaughter his son.
11 But the angel of the Lord called to him from heaven and said, “Abraham, Abraham!”
He replied, “Here I am.”
12 Then he said, “Do not lay a hand on the boy or do anything to him. For now I know that you fear God, since you have not withheld your only son from me.”
13 Abraham looked up and saw a ram caught in the thicket by its horns. So Abraham went and took the ram and offered it as a burnt offering in place of his son.
14 And Abraham named that place The Lord Will Provide, so today it is said, “It will be provided on the Lord’s mountain.”
15 Then the angel of the Lord called to Abraham a second time from heaven
16 and said, “By myself I have sworn,” this is the Lord’s declaration: “Because you have done this thing and have not withheld your only son,
17 I will indeed bless you and make your offspring as numerous as the stars of the sky and the sand on the seashore. Your offspring will possess the city gates of their enemies.
18 And all the nations of the earth will be blessed by your offspring because you have obeyed my command.”
19 Abraham went back to his young men, and they got up and went together to Beer-sheba. And Abraham settled in Beer-sheba.
20 Now after these things Abraham was told, “Milcah also has borne sons to your brother Nahor:
21 Uz his firstborn, his brother Buz, Kemuel the father of Aram,
22 Chesed, Hazo, Pildash, Jidlaph, and Bethuel.”
23 And Bethuel fathered Rebekah. Milcah bore these eight to Nahor, Abraham’s brother.
24 His concubine, whose name was Reumah, also bore Tebah, Gaham, Tahash, and Maacah.

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Sarah's Burial
# Chapter 23
1. Now Sarah lived 127 years; these were all the years of her life.
2. Sarah died in Kiriath-arba (that is, Hebron) in the land of Canaan, and Abraham went in to mourn for Sarah and to weep for her.
3. When Abraham got up from beside his dead wife, he spoke to the Hethites:
4. "I am an alien residing among you. Give me burial property among you so that I can bury my dead."
5. The Hethites replied to Abraham,
6. "Listen to us, my lord. You are a prince of God among us. Bury your dead in our finest burial place. None of us will withhold from you his burial place for burying your dead."
7. Then Abraham rose and bowed down to the Hethites, the people of the land.
8. He said to them, "If you are willing for me to bury my dead, listen to me and ask Ephron son of Zohar on my behalf
9. to give me the cave of Machpelah that belongs to him; it is at the end of his field. Let him give it to me in your presence, for the full price, as burial property."
10. Ephron was sitting among the Hethites. So in the hearing of all the Hethites who came to the gate of his city, Ephron the Hethite answered Abraham:
11. "No, my lord. Listen to me. I give you the field, and I give you the cave that is in it. I give it to you in the sight of my people. Bury your dead."
12. Abraham bowed down to the people of the land
13. and said to Ephron in the hearing of the people of the land, "Listen to me, if you please. Let me pay the price of the field. Accept it from me, and let me bury my dead there."
14. Ephron answered Abraham and said to him,
15. "My lord, listen to me. Land worth four hundred shekels of silver--what is that between you and me? Bury your dead."
16. Abraham agreed with Ephron, and Abraham weighed out to Ephron the silver that he had agreed to in the hearing of the Hethites: four hundred standard shekels of silver.
17. So Ephron's field at Machpelah near Mamre--the field with its cave and all the trees anywhere within the boundaries of the field--became
18. Abraham's possession in the sight of all the Hethites who came to the gate of his city.
19. After this, Abraham buried his wife Sarah in the cave of the field at Machpelah near Mamre (that is, Hebron) in the land of Canaan.
20. The field with its cave passed from the Hethites to Abraham as burial property.
1 Now Sarah lived 127 years; these were all the years of her life.
2 Sarah died in Kiriath-arba (that is, Hebron) in the land of Canaan, and Abraham went in to mourn for Sarah and to weep for her.
3 When Abraham got up from beside his dead wife, he spoke to the Hethites:
4 “I am an alien residing among you. Give me burial property among you so that I can bury my dead.”
5 The Hethites replied to Abraham,
6 “Listen to us, my lord. You are a prince of God among us. Bury your dead in our finest burial place. None of us will withhold from you his burial place for burying your dead.”
7 Then Abraham rose and bowed down to the Hethites, the people of the land.
8 He said to them, “If you are willing for me to bury my dead, listen to me and ask Ephron son of Zohar on my behalf
9 to give me the cave of Machpelah that belongs to him; it is at the end of his field. Let him give it to me in your presence, for the full price, as burial property.”
10 Ephron was sitting among the Hethites. So in the hearing of all the Hethites who came to the gate of his city, Ephron the Hethite answered Abraham:
11 “No, my lord. Listen to me. I give you the field, and I give you the cave that is in it. I give it to you in the sight of my people. Bury your dead.”
12 Abraham bowed down to the people of the land
13 and said to Ephron in the hearing of the people of the land, “Listen to me, if you please. Let me pay the price of the field. Accept it from me, and let me bury my dead there.”
14 Ephron answered Abraham and said to him,
15 “My lord, listen to me. Land worth four hundred shekels of silver—what is that between you and me? Bury your dead.”
16 Abraham agreed with Ephron, and Abraham weighed out to Ephron the silver that he had agreed to in the hearing of the Hethites: four hundred standard shekels of silver.
17 So Ephron’s field at Machpelah near Mamre—the field with its cave and all the trees anywhere within the boundaries of the field—became
18 Abraham’s possession in the sight of all the Hethites who came to the gate of his city.
19 After this, Abraham buried his wife Sarah in the cave of the field at Machpelah near Mamre (that is, Hebron) in the land of Canaan.
20 The field with its cave passed from the Hethites to Abraham as burial property.

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A Wife for Isaac
# Chapter 24
1. Abraham was now old, getting on in years, and the Lord had blessed him in everything.
2. Abraham said to his servant, the elder of his household who managed all he owned, "Place your hand under my thigh,
3. and I will have you swear by the Lord, God of heaven and God of earth, that you will not take a wife for my son from the daughters of the Canaanites among whom I live,
4. but will go to my land and my family to take a wife for my son Isaac."
5. The servant said to him, "Suppose the woman is unwilling to follow me to this land? Should I have your son go back to the land you came from?"
6. Abraham answered him, "Make sure that you don't take my son back there.
7. The Lord, the God of heaven, who took me from my father's house and from my native land, who spoke to me and swore to me, 'I will give this land to your offspring'--he will send his angel before you, and you can take a wife for my son from there.
8. If the woman is unwilling to follow you, then you are free from this oath to me, but don't let my son go back there."
9. So the servant placed his hand under his master Abraham's thigh and swore an oath to him concerning this matter.
10. The servant took ten of his master's camels, and with all kinds of his master's goods in hand, he went to Aram-naharaim, to Nahor's town.
11. At evening, the time when women went out to draw water, he made the camels kneel beside a well outside the town.
12. "Lord, God of my master Abraham," he prayed, "make this happen for me today, and show kindness to my master Abraham.
13. I am standing here at the spring where the daughters of the men of the town are coming out to draw water.
14. Let the girl to whom I say, 'Please lower your water jug so that I may drink,' and who responds, 'Drink, and I'll water your camels also'--let her be the one you have appointed for your servant Isaac. By this I will know that you have shown kindness to my master."
15. Before he had finished speaking, there was Rebekah--daughter of Bethuel son of Milcah, the wife of Abraham's brother Nahor--coming with a jug on her shoulder.
16. Now the girl was very beautiful, a virgin--no man had been intimate with her. She went down to the spring, filled her jug, and came up.
17. Then the servant ran to meet her and said, "Please let me have a little water from your jug."
18. She replied, "Drink, my lord." She quickly lowered her jug to her hand and gave him a drink.
19. When she had finished giving him a drink, she said, "I'll also draw water for your camels until they have had enough to drink."
20. She quickly emptied her jug into the trough and hurried to the well again to draw water. She drew water for all his camels
21. while the man silently watched her to see whether or not the Lord had made his journey a success.
22. As the camels finished drinking, the man took a gold ring weighing half a shekel, and for her wrists two bracelets weighing ten shekels of gold.
23. "Whose daughter are you?" he asked. "Please tell me, is there room in your father's house for us to spend the night?"
24. She answered him, "I am the daughter of Bethuel son of Milcah, whom she bore to Nahor."
25. She also said to him, "We have plenty of straw and feed and a place to spend the night."
26. Then the man knelt low, worshiped the Lord,
27. and said, "Blessed be the Lord, the God of my master Abraham, who has not withheld his kindness and faithfulness from my master. As for me, the Lord has led me on the journey to the house of my master's relatives."
28. The girl ran and told her mother's household about these things.
29. Now Rebekah had a brother named Laban, and Laban ran out to the man at the spring.
30. As soon as he had seen the ring and the bracelets on his sister's wrists, and when he had heard his sister Rebekah's words--"The man said this to me!"--he went to the man. He was standing there by the camels at the spring.
31. Laban said, "Come, you who are blessed by the Lord. Why are you standing out here? I have prepared the house and a place for the camels."
32. So the man came to the house, and the camels were unloaded. Straw and feed were given to the camels, and water was brought to wash his feet and the feet of the men with him.
33. A meal was set before him, but he said, "I will not eat until I have said what I have to say."
So Laban said, "Please speak."
34. "I am Abraham's servant," he said.
35. "The Lord has greatly blessed my master, and he has become rich. He has given him flocks and herds, silver and gold, male and female slaves, and camels and donkeys.
36. Sarah, my master's wife, bore a son to my master in her old age, and he has given him everything he owns.
37. My master put me under this oath: 'You will not take a wife for my son from the daughters of the Canaanites in whose land I live
38. but will go to my father's family and to my clan to take a wife for my son.'
39. But I said to my master, 'Suppose the woman will not come back with me?'
40. He said to me, 'The Lord before whom I have walked will send his angel with you and make your journey a success, and you will take a wife for my son from my clan and from my father's family.
41. Then you will be free from my oath if you go to my family and they do not give her to you--you will be free from my oath.'
42. "Today when I came to the spring, I prayed: Lord, God of my master Abraham, if only you will make my journey successful!
43. I am standing here at a spring. Let the young woman who comes out to draw water, and I say to her, 'Please let me drink a little water from your jug,'
44. and who responds to me, 'Drink, and I'll draw water for your camels also'--let her be the woman the Lord has appointed for my master's son.
45. "Before I had finished praying silently, there was Rebekah coming with her jug on her shoulder, and she went down to the spring and drew water. So I said to her, 'Please let me have a drink.'
46. She quickly lowered her jug from her shoulder and said, 'Drink, and I'll water your camels also.' So I drank, and she also watered the camels.
47. Then I asked her, 'Whose daughter are you?' She responded, 'The daughter of Bethuel son of Nahor, whom Milcah bore to him.' So I put the ring on her nose and the bracelets on her wrists.
48. Then I knelt low, worshiped the Lord, and blessed the Lord, the God of my master Abraham, who guided me on the right way to take the granddaughter of my master's brother for his son.
49. Now, if you are going to show kindness and faithfulness to my master, tell me; if not, tell me, and I will go elsewhere."
50. Laban and Bethuel answered, "This is from the Lord; we have no choice in the matter.
51. Rebekah is here in front of you. Take her and go, and let her be a wife for your master's son, just as the Lord has spoken."
52. When Abraham's servant heard their words, he bowed to the ground before the Lord.
53. Then he brought out objects of silver and gold, and garments, and gave them to Rebekah. He also gave precious gifts to her brother and her mother.
54. Then he and the men with him ate and drank and spent the night.
When they got up in the morning, he said, "Send me to my master."
55. But her brother and mother said, "Let the girl stay with us for about ten days. Then she can go."
56. But he responded to them, "Do not delay me, since the Lord has made my journey a success. Send me away so that I may go to my master."
57. So they said, "Let's call the girl and ask her opinion."
58. They called Rebekah and said to her, "Will you go with this man?"
She replied, "I will go."
59. So they sent away their sister Rebekah with the one who had nursed and raised her, and Abraham's servant and his men.
60. They blessed Rebekah, saying to her:
1 Abraham was now old, getting on in years, and the Lord had blessed him in everything.
2 Abraham said to his servant, the elder of his household who managed all he owned, “Place your hand under my thigh,
3 and I will have you swear by the Lord, God of heaven and God of earth, that you will not take a wife for my son from the daughters of the Canaanites among whom I live,
4 but will go to my land and my family to take a wife for my son Isaac.”
5 The servant said to him, “Suppose the woman is unwilling to follow me to this land? Should I have your son go back to the land you came from?”
6 Abraham answered him, “Make sure that you don’t take my son back there.
7 The Lord, the God of heaven, who took me from my father’s house and from my native land, who spoke to me and swore to me, ‘I will give this land to your offspring’—he will send his angel before you, and you can take a wife for my son from there.
8 If the woman is unwilling to follow you, then you are free from this oath to me, but don’t let my son go back there.”
9 So the servant placed his hand under his master Abraham’s thigh and swore an oath to him concerning this matter.
10 The servant took ten of his master’s camels, and with all kinds of his master’s goods in hand, he went to Aram-naharaim, to Nahor’s town.
11 At evening, the time when women went out to draw water, he made the camels kneel beside a well outside the town.
12 “Lord, God of my master Abraham,” he prayed, “make this happen for me today, and show kindness to my master Abraham.
13 I am standing here at the spring where the daughters of the men of the town are coming out to draw water.
14 Let the girl to whom I say, ‘Please lower your water jug so that I may drink,’ and who responds, ‘Drink, and I’ll water your camels also’—let her be the one you have appointed for your servant Isaac. By this I will know that you have shown kindness to my master.”
15 Before he had finished speaking, there was Rebekah—daughter of Bethuel son of Milcah, the wife of Abraham’s brother Nahor—coming with a jug on her shoulder.
16 Now the girl was very beautiful, a virgin—no man had been intimate with her. She went down to the spring, filled her jug, and came up.
17 Then the servant ran to meet her and said, “Please let me have a little water from your jug.”
18 She replied, “Drink, my lord.” She quickly lowered her jug to her hand and gave him a drink.
19 When she had finished giving him a drink, she said, “I’ll also draw water for your camels until they have had enough to drink.”
20 She quickly emptied her jug into the trough and hurried to the well again to draw water. She drew water for all his camels
21 while the man silently watched her to see whether or not the Lord had made his journey a success.
22 As the camels finished drinking, the man took a gold ring weighing half a shekel, and for her wrists two bracelets weighing ten shekels of gold.
23 “Whose daughter are you?” he asked. “Please tell me, is there room in your father’s house for us to spend the night?”
24 She answered him, “I am the daughter of Bethuel son of Milcah, whom she bore to Nahor.”
25 She also said to him, “We have plenty of straw and feed and a place to spend the night.”
26 Then the man knelt low, worshiped the Lord,
27 and said, “Blessed be the Lord, the God of my master Abraham, who has not withheld his kindness and faithfulness from my master. As for me, the Lord has led me on the journey to the house of my master’s relatives.”
28 The girl ran and told her mother’s household about these things.
29 Now Rebekah had a brother named Laban, and Laban ran out to the man at the spring.
30 As soon as he had seen the ring and the bracelets on his sister’s wrists, and when he had heard his sister Rebekah’s words—“The man said this to me!”—he went to the man. He was standing there by the camels at the spring.
31 Laban said, “Come, you who are blessed by the Lord. Why are you standing out here? I have prepared the house and a place for the camels.”
32 So the man came to the house, and the camels were unloaded. Straw and feed were given to the camels, and water was brought to wash his feet and the feet of the men with him.
33 A meal was set before him, but he said, “I will not eat until I have said what I have to say.”
So Laban said, “Please speak.”
34 “I am Abraham’s servant,” he said.
35 “The Lord has greatly blessed my master, and he has become rich. He has given him flocks and herds, silver and gold, male and female slaves, and camels and donkeys.
36 Sarah, my master’s wife, bore a son to my master in her old age, and he has given him everything he owns.
37 My master put me under this oath: ‘You will not take a wife for my son from the daughters of the Canaanites in whose land I live
38 but will go to my father’s family and to my clan to take a wife for my son.’
39 But I said to my master, ‘Suppose the woman will not come back with me?’
40 He said to me, ‘The Lord before whom I have walked will send his angel with you and make your journey a success, and you will take a wife for my son from my clan and from my father’s family.
41 Then you will be free from my oath if you go to my family and they do not give her to you—you will be free from my oath.’
42 “Today when I came to the spring, I prayed: Lord, God of my master Abraham, if only you will make my journey successful!
43 I am standing here at a spring. Let the young woman who comes out to draw water, and I say to her, ‘Please let me drink a little water from your jug,’
44 and who responds to me, ‘Drink, and I’ll draw water for your camels also’—let her be the woman the Lord has appointed for my master’s son.
45 “Before I had finished praying silently, there was Rebekah coming with her jug on her shoulder, and she went down to the spring and drew water. So I said to her, ‘Please let me have a drink.’
46 She quickly lowered her jug from her shoulder and said, ‘Drink, and I’ll water your camels also.’ So I drank, and she also watered the camels.
47 Then I asked her, ‘Whose daughter are you?’ She responded, ‘The daughter of Bethuel son of Nahor, whom Milcah bore to him.’ So I put the ring on her nose and the bracelets on her wrists.
48 Then I knelt low, worshiped the Lord, and blessed the Lord, the God of my master Abraham, who guided me on the right way to take the granddaughter of my master’s brother for his son.
49 Now, if you are going to show kindness and faithfulness to my master, tell me; if not, tell me, and I will go elsewhere.”
50 Laban and Bethuel answered, “This is from the Lord; we have no choice in the matter.
51 Rebekah is here in front of you. Take her and go, and let her be a wife for your master’s son, just as the Lord has spoken.”
52 When Abraham’s servant heard their words, he bowed to the ground before the Lord.
53 Then he brought out objects of silver and gold, and garments, and gave them to Rebekah. He also gave precious gifts to her brother and her mother.
54 Then he and the men with him ate and drank and spent the night.
When they got up in the morning, he said, “Send me to my master.”
55 But her brother and mother said, “Let the girl stay with us for about ten days. Then she can go.”
56 But he responded to them, “Do not delay me, since the Lord has made my journey a success. Send me away so that I may go to my master.”
57 So they said, “Let’s call the girl and ask her opinion.”
58 They called Rebekah and said to her, “Will you go with this man?”
She replied, “I will go.”
59 So they sent away their sister Rebekah with the one who had nursed and raised her, and Abraham’s servant and his men.
60 They blessed Rebekah, saying to her:
Our sister, may you become
thousands upon ten thousands.
May your offspring possess
the city gates of their enemies.
61. Then Rebekah and her female servants got up, mounted the camels, and followed the man. So the servant took Rebekah and left.
62. Now Isaac was returning from Beer-lahai-roi, for he was living in the Negev region.
63. In the early evening Isaac went out to walk in the field, and looking up he saw camels coming.
64. Rebekah looked up, and when she saw Isaac, she got down from her camel
65. and asked the servant, "Who is that man in the field coming to meet us?"
The servant answered, "It is my master." So she took her veil and covered herself.
66. Then the servant told Isaac everything he had done.
67. And Isaac brought her into the tent of his mother Sarah and took Rebekah to be his wife. Isaac loved her, and he was comforted after his mother's death.
61 Then Rebekah and her female servants got up, mounted the camels, and followed the man. So the servant took Rebekah and left.
62 Now Isaac was returning from Beer-lahai-roi, for he was living in the Negev region.
63 In the early evening Isaac went out to walk in the field, and looking up he saw camels coming.
64 Rebekah looked up, and when she saw Isaac, she got down from her camel
65 and asked the servant, “Who is that man in the field coming to meet us?”
The servant answered, “It is my master.” So she took her veil and covered herself.
66 Then the servant told Isaac everything he had done.
67 And Isaac brought her into the tent of his mother Sarah and took Rebekah to be his wife. Isaac loved her, and he was comforted after his mother’s death.

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Abraham's Other Wife and Sons
# Chapter 25
1. Abraham had taken another wife, whose name was Keturah,
2. and she bore him Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Midian, Ishbak, and Shuah.
3. Jokshan fathered Sheba and Dedan. Dedan's sons were the Asshurim, Letushim, and Leummim.
4. And Midian's sons were Ephah, Epher, Hanoch, Abida, and Eldaah. All these were sons of Keturah.
5. Abraham gave everything he owned to Isaac.
6. But Abraham gave gifts to the sons of his concubines, and while he was still alive he sent them eastward, away from his son Isaac, to the land of the East.
Abraham's Death
7. This is the length of Abraham's life: 175 years.
8. He took his last breath and died at a good old age, old and contented, and he was gathered to his people.
9. His sons Isaac and Ishmael buried him in the cave of Machpelah near Mamre, in the field of Ephron son of Zohar the Hethite.
10. This was the field that Abraham bought from the Hethites. Abraham was buried there with his wife Sarah.
11. After Abraham's death, God blessed his son Isaac, who lived near Beer-lahai-roi.
Ishmael's Family Records
12. These are the family records of Abraham's son Ishmael, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah's slave, bore to Abraham.
13. These are the names of Ishmael's sons; their names according to the family records are Nebaioth, Ishmael's firstborn, then Kedar, Adbeel, Mibsam,
14. Mishma, Dumah, Massa,
15. Hadad, Tema, Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah.
16. These are Ishmael's sons, and these are their names by their settlements and encampments: twelve leaders of their clans.
17. This is the length of Ishmael's life: 137 years. He took his last breath and died, and was gathered to his people.
18. And they settled from Havilah to Shur, which is opposite Egypt as you go toward Asshur. He stayed near all his relatives.
The Birth of Jacob and Esau
19. These are the family records of Isaac son of Abraham. Abraham fathered Isaac.
20. Isaac was forty years old when he took as his wife Rebekah daughter of Bethuel the Aramean from Paddan-aram and sister of Laban the Aramean.
21. Isaac prayed to the Lord on behalf of his wife because she was childless. The Lord was receptive to his prayer, and his wife Rebekah conceived.
22. But the children inside her struggled with each other, and she said, "Why is this happening to me?" So she went to inquire of the Lord.
23. And the Lord said to her:
1 Abraham had taken another wife, whose name was Keturah,
2 and she bore him Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Midian, Ishbak, and Shuah.
3 Jokshan fathered Sheba and Dedan. Dedan’s sons were the Asshurim, Letushim, and Leummim.
4 And Midian’s sons were Ephah, Epher, Hanoch, Abida, and Eldaah. All these were sons of Keturah.
5 Abraham gave everything he owned to Isaac.
6 But Abraham gave gifts to the sons of his concubines, and while he was still alive he sent them eastward, away from his son Isaac, to the land of the East.
7 This is the length of Abraham’s life: 175 years.
8 He took his last breath and died at a good old age, old and contented, and he was gathered to his people.
9 His sons Isaac and Ishmael buried him in the cave of Machpelah near Mamre, in the field of Ephron son of Zohar the Hethite.
10 This was the field that Abraham bought from the Hethites. Abraham was buried there with his wife Sarah.
11 After Abraham’s death, God blessed his son Isaac, who lived near Beer-lahai-roi.
12 These are the family records of Abraham’s son Ishmael, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah’s slave, bore to Abraham.
13 These are the names of Ishmael’s sons; their names according to the family records are Nebaioth, Ishmael’s firstborn, then Kedar, Adbeel, Mibsam,
14 Mishma, Dumah, Massa,
15 Hadad, Tema, Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah.
16 These are Ishmael’s sons, and these are their names by their settlements and encampments: twelve leaders of their clans.
17 This is the length of Ishmael’s life: 137 years. He took his last breath and died, and was gathered to his people.
18 And they settled from Havilah to Shur, which is opposite Egypt as you go toward Asshur. He stayed near all his relatives.
19 These are the family records of Isaac son of Abraham. Abraham fathered Isaac.
20 Isaac was forty years old when he took as his wife Rebekah daughter of Bethuel the Aramean from Paddan-aram and sister of Laban the Aramean.
21 Isaac prayed to the Lord on behalf of his wife because she was childless. The Lord was receptive to his prayer, and his wife Rebekah conceived.
22 But the children inside her struggled with each other, and she said, “Why is this happening to me?” So she went to inquire of the Lord.
23 And the Lord said to her:
Two nations are in your womb;
two peoples will come from you and be separated.
One people will be stronger than the other,
and the older will serve the younger.
24. When her time came to give birth, there were indeed twins in her womb.
25. The first one came out red-looking, covered with hair like a fur coat, and they named him Esau.
26. After this, his brother came out grasping Esau's heel with his hand. So he was named Jacob. Isaac was sixty years old when they were born.
Esau Sells His Birthright
27. When the boys grew up, Esau became an expert hunter, an outdoorsman, but Jacob was a quiet man who stayed at home.
28. Isaac loved Esau because he had a taste for wild game, but Rebekah loved Jacob.
29. Once when Jacob was cooking a stew, Esau came in from the field exhausted.
30. He said to Jacob, "Let me eat some of that red stuff, because I'm exhausted." That is why he was also named Edom.
31. Jacob replied, "First sell me your birthright."
32. "Look," said Esau, "I'm about to die, so what good is a birthright to me?"
33. Jacob said, "Swear to me first." So he swore to Jacob and sold his birthright to him.
34. Then Jacob gave bread and lentil stew to Esau; he ate, drank, got up, and went away. So Esau despised his birthright.
24 When her time came to give birth, there were indeed twins in her womb.
25 The first one came out red-looking, covered with hair like a fur coat, and they named him Esau.
26 After this, his brother came out grasping Esau’s heel with his hand. So he was named Jacob. Isaac was sixty years old when they were born.
27 When the boys grew up, Esau became an expert hunter, an outdoorsman, but Jacob was a quiet man who stayed at home.
28 Isaac loved Esau because he had a taste for wild game, but Rebekah loved Jacob.
29 Once when Jacob was cooking a stew, Esau came in from the field exhausted.
30 He said to Jacob, “Let me eat some of that red stuff, because I’m exhausted.” That is why he was also named Edom.
31 Jacob replied, “First sell me your birthright.”
32 “Look,” said Esau, “I’m about to die, so what good is a birthright to me?”
33 Jacob said, “Swear to me first.” So he swore to Jacob and sold his birthright to him.
34 Then Jacob gave bread and lentil stew to Esau; he ate, drank, got up, and went away. So Esau despised his birthright.

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The Promise Reaffirmed to Isaac
# Chapter 26
1. There was another famine in the land in addition to the one that had occurred in Abraham's time. And Isaac went to Abimelech, king of the Philistines, at Gerar.
2. The Lord appeared to him and said, "Do not go down to Egypt. Live in the land that I tell you about;
3. stay in this land as an alien, and I will be with you and bless you. For I will give all these lands to you and your offspring, and I will confirm the oath that I swore to your father Abraham.
4. I will make your offspring as numerous as the stars of the sky, I will give your offspring all these lands, and all the nations of the earth will be blessed by your offspring,
5. because Abraham listened to me and kept my mandate, my commands, my statutes, and my instructions."
6. So Isaac settled in Gerar.
Isaac's Deception
7. When the men of the place asked about his wife, he said, "She is my sister," for he was afraid to say "my wife," thinking, "The men of the place will kill me on account of Rebekah, for she is a beautiful woman."
8. When Isaac had been there for some time, Abimelech king of the Philistines looked down from the window and was surprised to see Isaac caressing his wife Rebekah.
9. Abimelech sent for Isaac and said, "So she is really your wife! How could you say, 'She is my sister'?"
Isaac answered him, "Because I thought I might die on account of her."
10. Then Abimelech said, "What have you done to us? One of the people could easily have slept with your wife, and you would have brought guilt on us."
11. So Abimelech warned all the people, "Whoever harms this man or his wife will certainly be put to death."
Conflicts over Wells
12. Isaac sowed seed in that land, and in that year he reaped a hundred times what was sown. The Lord blessed him,
13. and the man became rich and kept getting richer until he was very wealthy.
14. He had flocks of sheep, herds of cattle, and many slaves, and the Philistines were envious of him.
15. Philistines stopped up all the wells that his father's servants had dug in the days of his father Abraham, filling them with dirt.
16. And Abimelech said to Isaac, "Leave us, for you are much too powerful for us."
17. So Isaac left there, camped in the Gerar Valley, and lived there.
18. Isaac reopened the wells that had been dug in the days of his father Abraham and that the Philistines had stopped up after Abraham died. He gave them the same names his father had given them.
19. Then Isaac's servants dug in the valley and found a well of spring water there.
20. But the herdsmen of Gerar quarreled with Isaac's herdsmen and said, "The water is ours!" So he named the well Esek because they argued with him.
21. Then they dug another well and quarreled over that one also, so he named it Sitnah.
22. He moved from there and dug another, and they did not quarrel over it. He named it Rehoboth and said, "For now the Lord has made space for us, and we will be fruitful in the land."
The Lord Appears to Isaac
23. From there he went up to Beer-sheba,
24. and the Lord appeared to him that night and said, "I am the God of your father Abraham. Do not be afraid, for I am with you. I will bless you and multiply your offspring because of my servant Abraham."
25. So he built an altar there, called on the name of the Lord, and pitched his tent there. Isaac's servants also dug a well there.
Covenant with Abimelech
26. Now Abimelech came to him from Gerar with Ahuzzath his adviser and Phicol the commander of his army.
27. Isaac said to them, "Why have you come to me? You hated me and sent me away from you."
28. They replied, "We have clearly seen how the Lord has been with you. We think there should be an oath between two parties--between us and you. Let us make a covenant with you:
29. You will not harm us, just as we have not harmed you but have done only what was good to you, sending you away in peace. You are now blessed by the Lord."
30. So he prepared a banquet for them, and they ate and drank.
31. They got up early in the morning and swore an oath to each other. Isaac sent them on their way, and they left him in peace.
32. On that same day Isaac's servants came to tell him about the well they had dug, saying to him, "We have found water!"
33. He called it Sheba. Therefore the name of the city is still Beer-sheba today.
Esau's Wives
34. When Esau was forty years old, he took as his wives Judith daughter of Beeri the Hethite, and Basemath daughter of Elon the Hethite.
35. They made life bitter for Isaac and Rebekah.
1 There was another famine in the land in addition to the one that had occurred in Abraham’s time. And Isaac went to Abimelech, king of the Philistines, at Gerar.
2 The Lord appeared to him and said, “Do not go down to Egypt. Live in the land that I tell you about;
3 stay in this land as an alien, and I will be with you and bless you. For I will give all these lands to you and your offspring, and I will confirm the oath that I swore to your father Abraham.
4 I will make your offspring as numerous as the stars of the sky, I will give your offspring all these lands, and all the nations of the earth will be blessed by your offspring,
5 because Abraham listened to me and kept my mandate, my commands, my statutes, and my instructions.”
6 So Isaac settled in Gerar.
7 When the men of the place asked about his wife, he said, “She is my sister,” for he was afraid to say “my wife,” thinking, “The men of the place will kill me on account of Rebekah, for she is a beautiful woman.”
8 When Isaac had been there for some time, Abimelech king of the Philistines looked down from the window and was surprised to see Isaac caressing his wife Rebekah.
9 Abimelech sent for Isaac and said, “So she is really your wife! How could you say, ‘She is my sister’?”
Isaac answered him, “Because I thought I might die on account of her.”
10 Then Abimelech said, “What have you done to us? One of the people could easily have slept with your wife, and you would have brought guilt on us.”
11 So Abimelech warned all the people, “Whoever harms this man or his wife will certainly be put to death.”
12 Isaac sowed seed in that land, and in that year he reaped a hundred times what was sown. The Lord blessed him,
13 and the man became rich and kept getting richer until he was very wealthy.
14 He had flocks of sheep, herds of cattle, and many slaves, and the Philistines were envious of him.
15 Philistines stopped up all the wells that his father’s servants had dug in the days of his father Abraham, filling them with dirt.
16 And Abimelech said to Isaac, “Leave us, for you are much too powerful for us.”
17 So Isaac left there, camped in the Gerar Valley, and lived there.
18 Isaac reopened the wells that had been dug in the days of his father Abraham and that the Philistines had stopped up after Abraham died. He gave them the same names his father had given them.
19 Then Isaac’s servants dug in the valley and found a well of spring water there.
20 But the herdsmen of Gerar quarreled with Isaac’s herdsmen and said, “The water is ours!” So he named the well Esek because they argued with him.
21 Then they dug another well and quarreled over that one also, so he named it Sitnah.
22 He moved from there and dug another, and they did not quarrel over it. He named it Rehoboth and said, “For now the Lord has made space for us, and we will be fruitful in the land.”
23 From there he went up to Beer-sheba,
24 and the Lord appeared to him that night and said, “I am the God of your father Abraham. Do not be afraid, for I am with you. I will bless you and multiply your offspring because of my servant Abraham.”
25 So he built an altar there, called on the name of the Lord, and pitched his tent there. Isaac’s servants also dug a well there.
26 Now Abimelech came to him from Gerar with Ahuzzath his adviser and Phicol the commander of his army.
27 Isaac said to them, “Why have you come to me? You hated me and sent me away from you.”
28 They replied, “We have clearly seen how the Lord has been with you. We think there should be an oath between two parties—between us and you. Let us make a covenant with you:
29 You will not harm us, just as we have not harmed you but have done only what was good to you, sending you away in peace. You are now blessed by the Lord.”
30 So he prepared a banquet for them, and they ate and drank.
31 They got up early in the morning and swore an oath to each other. Isaac sent them on their way, and they left him in peace.
32 On that same day Isaac’s servants came to tell him about the well they had dug, saying to him, “We have found water!”
33 He called it Sheba. Therefore the name of the city is still Beer-sheba today.
34 When Esau was forty years old, he took as his wives Judith daughter of Beeri the Hethite, and Basemath daughter of Elon the Hethite.
35 They made life bitter for Isaac and Rebekah.

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The Stolen Blessing
# Chapter 27
1. When Isaac was old and his eyes were so weak that he could not see, he called his older son Esau and said to him, "My son."
And he answered, "Here I am."
2. He said, "Look, I am old and do not know the day of my death.
3. So now take your hunting gear, your quiver and bow, and go out in the field to hunt some game for me.
4. Then make me a delicious meal that I love and bring it to me to eat, so that I can bless you before I die."
5. Now Rebekah was listening to what Isaac said to his son Esau. So while Esau went to the field to hunt some game to bring in,
6. Rebekah said to her son Jacob, "Listen! I heard your father talking with your brother Esau. He said,
7. 'Bring me game and make a delicious meal for me to eat so that I can bless you in the Lord's presence before I die.'
8. Now, my son, listen to me and do what I tell you.
9. Go to the flock and bring me two choice young goats, and I will make them into a delicious meal for your father--the kind he loves.
10. Then take it to your father to eat so that he may bless you before he dies."
11. Jacob answered Rebekah his mother, "Look, my brother Esau is a hairy man, but I am a man with smooth skin.
12. Suppose my father touches me. Then I will be revealed to him as a deceiver and bring a curse rather than a blessing on myself."
13. His mother said to him, "Your curse be on me, my son. Just obey me and go get them for me."
14. So he went and got the goats and brought them to his mother, and his mother made the delicious food his father loved.
15. Then Rebekah took the best clothes of her older son Esau, which were in the house, and had her younger son Jacob wear them.
16. She put the skins of the young goats on his hands and the smooth part of his neck.
17. Then she handed the delicious food and the bread she had made to her son Jacob.
18. When he came to his father, he said, "My father."
And he answered, "Here I am. Who are you, my son?"
19. Jacob replied to his father, "I am Esau, your firstborn. I have done as you told me. Please sit up and eat some of my game so that you may bless me."
20. But Isaac said to his son, "How did you ever find it so quickly, my son?"
He replied, "Because the Lord your God made it happen for me."
21. Then Isaac said to Jacob, "Please come closer so I can touch you, my son. Are you really my son Esau or not?"
22. So Jacob came closer to his father Isaac. When he touched him, he said, "The voice is the voice of Jacob, but the hands are the hands of Esau."
23. He did not recognize him, because his hands were hairy like those of his brother Esau; so he blessed him.
24. Again he asked, "Are you really my son Esau?"
And he replied, "I am."
25. Then he said, "Bring it closer to me, and let me eat some of my son's game so that I can bless you." Jacob brought it closer to him, and he ate; he brought him wine, and he drank.
26. Then his father Isaac said to him, "Please come closer and kiss me, my son."
27. So he came closer and kissed him. When Isaac smelled his clothes, he blessed him and said:
1 When Isaac was old and his eyes were so weak that he could not see, he called his older son Esau and said to him, “My son.”
And he answered, “Here I am.”
2 He said, “Look, I am old and do not know the day of my death.
3 So now take your hunting gear, your quiver and bow, and go out in the field to hunt some game for me.
4 Then make me a delicious meal that I love and bring it to me to eat, so that I can bless you before I die.”
5 Now Rebekah was listening to what Isaac said to his son Esau. So while Esau went to the field to hunt some game to bring in,
6 Rebekah said to her son Jacob, “Listen! I heard your father talking with your brother Esau. He said,
7 ‘Bring me game and make a delicious meal for me to eat so that I can bless you in the Lord’s presence before I die.’
8 Now, my son, listen to me and do what I tell you.
9 Go to the flock and bring me two choice young goats, and I will make them into a delicious meal for your father—the kind he loves.
10 Then take it to your father to eat so that he may bless you before he dies.”
11 Jacob answered Rebekah his mother, “Look, my brother Esau is a hairy man, but I am a man with smooth skin.
12 Suppose my father touches me. Then I will be revealed to him as a deceiver and bring a curse rather than a blessing on myself.”
13 His mother said to him, “Your curse be on me, my son. Just obey me and go get them for me.”
14 So he went and got the goats and brought them to his mother, and his mother made the delicious food his father loved.
15 Then Rebekah took the best clothes of her older son Esau, which were in the house, and had her younger son Jacob wear them.
16 She put the skins of the young goats on his hands and the smooth part of his neck.
17 Then she handed the delicious food and the bread she had made to her son Jacob.
18 When he came to his father, he said, “My father.”
And he answered, “Here I am. Who are you, my son?”
19 Jacob replied to his father, “I am Esau, your firstborn. I have done as you told me. Please sit up and eat some of my game so that you may bless me.”
20 But Isaac said to his son, “How did you ever find it so quickly, my son?”
He replied, “Because the Lord your God made it happen for me.”
21 Then Isaac said to Jacob, “Please come closer so I can touch you, my son. Are you really my son Esau or not?”
22 So Jacob came closer to his father Isaac. When he touched him, he said, “The voice is the voice of Jacob, but the hands are the hands of Esau.”
23 He did not recognize him, because his hands were hairy like those of his brother Esau; so he blessed him.
24 Again he asked, “Are you really my son Esau?”
And he replied, “I am.”
25 Then he said, “Bring it closer to me, and let me eat some of my son’s game so that I can bless you.” Jacob brought it closer to him, and he ate; he brought him wine, and he drank.
26 Then his father Isaac said to him, “Please come closer and kiss me, my son.”
27 So he came closer and kissed him. When Isaac smelled his clothes, he blessed him and said:
Ah, the smell of my son
is like the smell of a field
that the Lord has blessed.
28. May God give to you--
28 May God give to you—
from the dew of the sky
and from the richness of the land--
and from the richness of the land—
an abundance of grain and new wine.
29. May peoples serve you
29 May peoples serve you
and nations bow in homage to you.
Be master over your relatives;
may your mother's sons bow in homage to you.
may your mother’s sons bow in homage to you.
Those who curse you will be cursed,
and those who bless you will be blessed.
30. As soon as Isaac had finished blessing Jacob and Jacob had left the presence of his father Isaac, his brother Esau arrived from his hunting.
31. He had also made some delicious food and brought it to his father. He said to his father, "Let my father get up and eat some of his son's game, so that you may bless me."
32. But his father Isaac said to him, "Who are you?"
He answered, "I am Esau your firstborn son."
33. Isaac began to tremble uncontrollably. "Who was it then," he said, "who hunted game and brought it to me? I ate it all before you came in, and I blessed him. Indeed, he will be blessed!"
34. When Esau heard his father's words, he cried out with a loud and bitter cry and said to his father, "Bless me too, my father!"
35. But he replied, "Your brother came deceitfully and took your blessing."
36. So he said, "Isn't he rightly named Jacob? For he has cheated me twice now. He took my birthright, and look, now he has taken my blessing." Then he asked, "Haven't you saved a blessing for me?"
37. But Isaac answered Esau, "Look, I have made him a master over you, have given him all of his relatives as his servants, and have sustained him with grain and new wine. What then can I do for you, my son?"
38. Esau said to his father, "Do you have only one blessing, my father? Bless me too, my father!" And Esau wept loudly.
39. His father Isaac answered him,
30 As soon as Isaac had finished blessing Jacob and Jacob had left the presence of his father Isaac, his brother Esau arrived from his hunting.
31 He had also made some delicious food and brought it to his father. He said to his father, “Let my father get up and eat some of his son’s game, so that you may bless me.”
32 But his father Isaac said to him, “Who are you?”
He answered, “I am Esau your firstborn son.”
33 Isaac began to tremble uncontrollably. “Who was it then,” he said, “who hunted game and brought it to me? I ate it all before you came in, and I blessed him. Indeed, he will be blessed!”
34 When Esau heard his father’s words, he cried out with a loud and bitter cry and said to his father, “Bless me too, my father!”
35 But he replied, “Your brother came deceitfully and took your blessing.”
36 So he said, “Isn’t he rightly named Jacob? For he has cheated me twice now. He took my birthright, and look, now he has taken my blessing.” Then he asked, “Haven’t you saved a blessing for me?”
37 But Isaac answered Esau, “Look, I have made him a master over you, have given him all of his relatives as his servants, and have sustained him with grain and new wine. What then can I do for you, my son?”
38 Esau said to his father, “Do you have only one blessing, my father? Bless me too, my father!” And Esau wept loudly.
39 His father Isaac answered him,
Look, your dwelling place will be
away from the richness of the land,
away from the dew of the sky above.
40. You will live by your sword,
40 You will live by your sword,
and you will serve your brother.
But when you rebel,
you will break his yoke from your neck.
Esau's Anger
41. Esau held a grudge against Jacob because of the blessing his father had given him. And Esau determined in his heart, "The days of mourning for my father are approaching; then I will kill my brother Jacob."
42. When the words of her older son Esau were reported to Rebekah, she summoned her younger son Jacob and said to him, "Listen, your brother Esau is consoling himself by planning to kill you.
43. So now, my son, listen to me. Flee at once to my brother Laban in Haran,
44. and stay with him for a few days until your brother's anger subsides--
45. until your brother's rage turns away from you and he forgets what you have done to him. Then I will send for you and bring you back from there. Why should I lose you both in one day?"
46. So Rebekah said to Isaac, "I'm sick of my life because of these Hethite girls. If Jacob marries someone from around here, like these Hethite girls, what good is my life?"
41 Esau held a grudge against Jacob because of the blessing his father had given him. And Esau determined in his heart, “The days of mourning for my father are approaching; then I will kill my brother Jacob.”
42 When the words of her older son Esau were reported to Rebekah, she summoned her younger son Jacob and said to him, “Listen, your brother Esau is consoling himself by planning to kill you.
43 So now, my son, listen to me. Flee at once to my brother Laban in Haran,
44 and stay with him for a few days until your brother’s anger subsides—
45 until your brother’s rage turns away from you and he forgets what you have done to him. Then I will send for you and bring you back from there. Why should I lose you both in one day?”
46 So Rebekah said to Isaac, “I’m sick of my life because of these Hethite girls. If Jacob marries someone from around here, like these Hethite girls, what good is my life?”

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Jacob's Departure
# Chapter 28
1. So Isaac summoned Jacob, blessed him, and commanded him, "Do not marry a Canaanite girl.
2. Go at once to Paddan-aram, to the house of Bethuel, your mother's father. Marry one of the daughters of Laban, your mother's brother.
3. May God Almighty bless you and make you fruitful and multiply you so that you become an assembly of peoples.
4. May God give you and your offspring the blessing of Abraham so that you may possess the land where you live as a foreigner, the land God gave to Abraham."
5. So Isaac sent Jacob to Paddan-aram, to Laban son of Bethuel the Aramean, the brother of Rebekah, the mother of Jacob and Esau.
6. Esau noticed that Isaac blessed Jacob and sent him to Paddan-aram to get a wife there. When he blessed him, Isaac commanded Jacob, "Do not marry a Canaanite girl."
7. And Jacob listened to his father and mother and went to Paddan-aram.
8. Esau realized that his father Isaac disapproved of the Canaanite women,
9. so Esau went to Ishmael and married, in addition to his other wives, Mahalath daughter of Ishmael, Abraham's son. She was the sister of Nebaioth.
Jacob at Bethel
10. Jacob left Beer-sheba and went toward Haran.
11. He reached a certain place and spent the night there because the sun had set. He took one of the stones from the place, put it there at his head, and lay down in that place.
12. And he dreamed: A stairway was set on the ground with its top reaching the sky, and God's angels were going up and down on it.
13. The Lord was standing there beside him, saying, "I am the Lord, the God of your father Abraham and the God of Isaac. I will give you and your offspring the land on which you are lying.
14. Your offspring will be like the dust of the earth, and you will spread out toward the west, the east, the north, and the south. All the peoples on earth will be blessed through you and your offspring.
15. Look, I am with you and will watch over you wherever you go. I will bring you back to this land, for I will not leave you until I have done what I have promised you."
16. When Jacob awoke from his sleep, he said, "Surely the Lord is in this place, and I did not know it."
17. He was afraid and said, "What an awesome place this is! This is none other than the house of God. This is the gate of heaven."
18. Early in the morning Jacob took the stone that was near his head and set it up as a marker. He poured oil on top of it
19. and named the place Bethel, though previously the city was named Luz.
20. Then Jacob made a vow: "If God will be with me and watch over me during this journey I'm making, if he provides me with food to eat and clothing to wear,
21. and if I return safely to my father's family, then the Lord will be my God.
22. This stone that I have set up as a marker will be God's house, and I will give to you a tenth of all that you give me."
1 So Isaac summoned Jacob, blessed him, and commanded him, “Do not marry a Canaanite girl.
2 Go at once to Paddan-aram, to the house of Bethuel, your mother’s father. Marry one of the daughters of Laban, your mother’s brother.
3 May God Almighty bless you and make you fruitful and multiply you so that you become an assembly of peoples.
4 May God give you and your offspring the blessing of Abraham so that you may possess the land where you live as a foreigner, the land God gave to Abraham.”
5 So Isaac sent Jacob to Paddan-aram, to Laban son of Bethuel the Aramean, the brother of Rebekah, the mother of Jacob and Esau.
6 Esau noticed that Isaac blessed Jacob and sent him to Paddan-aram to get a wife there. When he blessed him, Isaac commanded Jacob, “Do not marry a Canaanite girl.”
7 And Jacob listened to his father and mother and went to Paddan-aram.
8 Esau realized that his father Isaac disapproved of the Canaanite women,
9 so Esau went to Ishmael and married, in addition to his other wives, Mahalath daughter of Ishmael, Abraham’s son. She was the sister of Nebaioth.
10 Jacob left Beer-sheba and went toward Haran.
11 He reached a certain place and spent the night there because the sun had set. He took one of the stones from the place, put it there at his head, and lay down in that place.
12 And he dreamed: A stairway was set on the ground with its top reaching the sky, and God’s angels were going up and down on it.
13 The Lord was standing there beside him, saying, “I am the Lord, the God of your father Abraham and the God of Isaac. I will give you and your offspring the land on which you are lying.
14 Your offspring will be like the dust of the earth, and you will spread out toward the west, the east, the north, and the south. All the peoples on earth will be blessed through you and your offspring.
15 Look, I am with you and will watch over you wherever you go. I will bring you back to this land, for I will not leave you until I have done what I have promised you.”
16 When Jacob awoke from his sleep, he said, “Surely the Lord is in this place, and I did not know it.”
17 He was afraid and said, “What an awesome place this is! This is none other than the house of God. This is the gate of heaven.”
18 Early in the morning Jacob took the stone that was near his head and set it up as a marker. He poured oil on top of it
19 and named the place Bethel, though previously the city was named Luz.
20 Then Jacob made a vow: “If God will be with me and watch over me during this journey I’m making, if he provides me with food to eat and clothing to wear,
21 and if I return safely to my father’s family, then the Lord will be my God.
22 This stone that I have set up as a marker will be God’s house, and I will give to you a tenth of all that you give me.”

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Jacob Meets Rachel
# Chapter 29
1. Jacob resumed his journey and went to the eastern country.
2. He looked and saw a well in a field. Three flocks of sheep were lying there beside it because the sheep were watered from this well. But a large stone covered the opening of the well.
3. The shepherds would roll the stone from the opening of the well and water the sheep when all the flocks were gathered there. Then they would return the stone to its place over the well's opening.
4. Jacob asked the men at the well, "My brothers! Where are you from?"
"We're from Haran," they answered.
5. "Do you know Laban, Nahor's grandson?" Jacob asked them.
They answered, "We know him."
6. "Is he well?" Jacob asked.
"Yes," they said, "and here is his daughter Rachel, coming with his sheep."
7. Then Jacob said, "Look, it is still broad daylight. It's not time for the animals to be gathered. Water the flock, then go out and let them graze."
8. But they replied, "We can't until all the flocks have been gathered and the stone is rolled from the well's opening. Then we will water the sheep."
9. While he was still speaking with them, Rachel came with her father's sheep, for she was a shepherdess.
10. As soon as Jacob saw his uncle Laban's daughter Rachel with his sheep, he went up and rolled the stone from the opening and watered his uncle Laban's sheep.
11. Then Jacob kissed Rachel and wept loudly.
12. He told Rachel that he was her father's relative, Rebekah's son. She ran and told her father.
Jacob Deceived
13. When Laban heard the news about his sister's son Jacob, he ran to meet him, hugged him, and kissed him. Then he took him to his house, and Jacob told him all that had happened.
14. Laban said to him, "Yes, you are my own flesh and blood."
1 Jacob resumed his journey and went to the eastern country.
2 He looked and saw a well in a field. Three flocks of sheep were lying there beside it because the sheep were watered from this well. But a large stone covered the opening of the well.
3 The shepherds would roll the stone from the opening of the well and water the sheep when all the flocks were gathered there. Then they would return the stone to its place over the well’s opening.
4 Jacob asked the men at the well, “My brothers! Where are you from?”
“We’re from Haran,” they answered.
5 “Do you know Laban, Nahor’s grandson?” Jacob asked them.
They answered, “We know him.”
6 “Is he well?” Jacob asked.
“Yes,” they said, “and here is his daughter Rachel, coming with his sheep.”
7 Then Jacob said, “Look, it is still broad daylight. It’s not time for the animals to be gathered. Water the flock, then go out and let them graze.”
8 But they replied, “We can’t until all the flocks have been gathered and the stone is rolled from the well’s opening. Then we will water the sheep.”
9 While he was still speaking with them, Rachel came with her father’s sheep, for she was a shepherdess.
10 As soon as Jacob saw his uncle Laban’s daughter Rachel with his sheep, he went up and rolled the stone from the opening and watered his uncle Laban’s sheep.
11 Then Jacob kissed Rachel and wept loudly.
12 He told Rachel that he was her father’s relative, Rebekah’s son. She ran and told her father.
13 When Laban heard the news about his sister’s son Jacob, he ran to meet him, hugged him, and kissed him. Then he took him to his house, and Jacob told him all that had happened.
14 Laban said to him, “Yes, you are my own flesh and blood.”
After Jacob had stayed with him a month,
15. Laban said to him, "Just because you're my relative, should you work for me for nothing? Tell me what your wages should be."
16. Now Laban had two daughters: the older was named Leah, and the younger was named Rachel.
17. Leah had tender eyes, but Rachel was shapely and beautiful.
18. Jacob loved Rachel, so he answered Laban, "I'll work for you seven years for your younger daughter Rachel."
19. Laban replied, "Better that I give her to you than to some other man. Stay with me."
20. So Jacob worked seven years for Rachel, and they seemed like only a few days to him because of his love for her.
21. Then Jacob said to Laban, "Since my time is complete, give me my wife, so I can sleep with her."
22. So Laban invited all the men of the place and sponsored a feast.
23. That evening, Laban took his daughter Leah and gave her to Jacob, and he slept with her.
24. And Laban gave his slave Zilpah to his daughter Leah as her slave.
25. When morning came, there was Leah! So he said to Laban, "What have you done to me? Wasn't it for Rachel that I worked for you? Why have you deceived me?"
26. Laban answered, "It is not the custom in our country to give the younger daughter in marriage before the firstborn.
27. Complete this week of wedding celebration, and we will also give you this younger one in return for working yet another seven years for me."
28. And Jacob did just that. He finished the week of celebration, and Laban gave him his daughter Rachel as his wife.
29. And Laban gave his slave Bilhah to his daughter Rachel as her slave.
30. Jacob slept with Rachel also, and indeed, he loved Rachel more than Leah. And he worked for Laban another seven years.
Jacob's Sons
31. When the Lord saw that Leah was neglected, he opened her womb; but Rachel was unable to conceive.
32. Leah conceived, gave birth to a son, and named him Reuben, for she said, "The Lord has seen my affliction; surely my husband will love me now."
33. She conceived again, gave birth to a son, and said, "The Lord heard that I am neglected and has given me this son also." So she named him Simeon.
34. She conceived again, gave birth to a son, and said, "At last, my husband will become attached to me because I have borne three sons for him." Therefore he was named Levi.
35. And she conceived again, gave birth to a son, and said, "This time I will praise the Lord." Therefore she named him Judah. Then Leah stopped having children.
15 Laban said to him, “Just because you’re my relative, should you work for me for nothing? Tell me what your wages should be.”
16 Now Laban had two daughters: the older was named Leah, and the younger was named Rachel.
17 Leah had tender eyes, but Rachel was shapely and beautiful.
18 Jacob loved Rachel, so he answered Laban, “I’ll work for you seven years for your younger daughter Rachel.”
19 Laban replied, “Better that I give her to you than to some other man. Stay with me.”
20 So Jacob worked seven years for Rachel, and they seemed like only a few days to him because of his love for her.
21 Then Jacob said to Laban, “Since my time is complete, give me my wife, so I can sleep with her.”
22 So Laban invited all the men of the place and sponsored a feast.
23 That evening, Laban took his daughter Leah and gave her to Jacob, and he slept with her.
24 And Laban gave his slave Zilpah to his daughter Leah as her slave.
25 When morning came, there was Leah! So he said to Laban, “What have you done to me? Wasn’t it for Rachel that I worked for you? Why have you deceived me?”
26 Laban answered, “It is not the custom in our country to give the younger daughter in marriage before the firstborn.
27 Complete this week of wedding celebration, and we will also give you this younger one in return for working yet another seven years for me.”
28 And Jacob did just that. He finished the week of celebration, and Laban gave him his daughter Rachel as his wife.
29 And Laban gave his slave Bilhah to his daughter Rachel as her slave.
30 Jacob slept with Rachel also, and indeed, he loved Rachel more than Leah. And he worked for Laban another seven years.
31 When the Lord saw that Leah was neglected, he opened her womb; but Rachel was unable to conceive.
32 Leah conceived, gave birth to a son, and named him Reuben, for she said, “The Lord has seen my affliction; surely my husband will love me now.”
33 She conceived again, gave birth to a son, and said, “The Lord heard that I am neglected and has given me this son also.” So she named him Simeon.
34 She conceived again, gave birth to a son, and said, “At last, my husband will become attached to me because I have borne three sons for him.” Therefore he was named Levi.
35 And she conceived again, gave birth to a son, and said, “This time I will praise the Lord.” Therefore she named him Judah. Then Leah stopped having children.

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# Chapter 30
1. When Rachel saw that she was not bearing Jacob any children, she envied her sister. "Give me sons, or I will die!" she said to Jacob.
2. Jacob became angry with Rachel and said, "Am I in the place of God? He has withheld offspring from you!"
3. Then she said, "Here is my maid Bilhah. Go sleep with her, and she'll bear children for me so that through her I too can build a family."
4. So Rachel gave her slave Bilhah to Jacob as a wife, and he slept with her.
5. Bilhah conceived and bore Jacob a son.
6. Rachel said, "God has vindicated me; yes, he has heard me and given me a son," so she named him Dan.
7. Rachel's slave Bilhah conceived again and bore Jacob a second son.
8. Rachel said, "In my wrestlings with God, I have wrestled with my sister and won," and she named him Naphtali.
9. When Leah saw that she had stopped having children, she took her slave Zilpah and gave her to Jacob as a wife.
10. Leah's slave Zilpah bore Jacob a son.
11. Then Leah said, "What good fortune!" and she named him Gad.
12. When Leah's slave Zilpah bore Jacob a second son,
13. Leah said, "I am happy that the women call me happy," so she named him Asher.
14. Reuben went out during the wheat harvest and found some mandrakes in the field. When he brought them to his mother Leah, Rachel asked, "Please give me some of your son's mandrakes."
15. But Leah replied to her, "Isn't it enough that you have taken my husband? Now you also want to take my son's mandrakes?"
"Well then," Rachel said, "he can sleep with you tonight in exchange for your son's mandrakes."
16. When Jacob came in from the field that evening, Leah went out to meet him and said, "You must come with me, for I have hired you with my son's mandrakes." So Jacob slept with her that night.
17. God listened to Leah, and she conceived and bore Jacob a fifth son.
18. Leah said, "God has rewarded me for giving my slave to my husband," and she named him Issachar.
19. Then Leah conceived again and bore Jacob a sixth son.
20. "God has given me a good gift," Leah said. "This time my husband will honor me because I have borne six sons for him," and she named him Zebulun.
21. Later, Leah bore a daughter and named her Dinah.
22. Then God remembered Rachel. He listened to her and opened her womb.
23. She conceived and bore a son, and she said, "God has taken away my disgrace."
24. She named him Joseph and said, "May the Lord add another son to me."
Jacob's Flocks Multiply
25. After Rachel gave birth to Joseph, Jacob said to Laban, "Send me on my way so that I can return to my homeland.
26. Give me my wives and my children that I have worked for, and let me go. You know how hard I have worked for you."
27. But Laban said to him, "If I have found favor with you, stay. I have learned by divination that the Lord has blessed me because of you."
28. Then Laban said, "Name your wages, and I will pay them."
29. So Jacob said to him, "You know how I have served you and how your herds have fared with me.
30. For you had very little before I came, but now your wealth has increased. The Lord has blessed you because of me. And now, when will I also do something for my own family?"
31. Laban asked, "What should I give you?"
And Jacob said, "You don't need to give me anything. If you do this one thing for me, I will continue to shepherd and keep your flock.
32. Let me go through all your sheep today and remove every sheep that is speckled or spotted, every dark-colored sheep among the lambs, and the spotted and speckled among the female goats. Such will be my wages.
33. In the future when you come to check on my wages, my honesty will testify for me. If I have any female goats that are not speckled or spotted, or any lambs that are not black, they will be considered stolen."
34. "Good," said Laban. "Let it be as you have said."
35. That day Laban removed the streaked and spotted male goats and all the speckled and spotted female goats--every one that had any white on it--and every dark-colored one among the lambs, and he placed his sons in charge of them.
36. He put a three-day journey between himself and Jacob. Jacob, meanwhile, was shepherding the rest of Laban's flock.
37. Jacob then took branches of fresh poplar, almond, and plane wood, and peeled the bark, exposing white stripes on the branches.
38. He set the peeled branches in the troughs in front of the sheep--in the water channels where the sheep came to drink. And the sheep bred when they came to drink.
39. The flocks bred in front of the branches and bore streaked, speckled, and spotted young.
40. Jacob separated the lambs and made the flocks face the streaked sheep and the completely dark sheep in Laban's flocks. Then he set his own stock apart and didn't put them with Laban's sheep.
41. Whenever the stronger of the flock were breeding, Jacob placed the branches in the troughs, in full view of the flocks, and they would breed in front of the branches.
42. As for the weaklings of the flocks, he did not put out the branches. So it turned out that the weak sheep belonged to Laban and the stronger ones to Jacob.
43. And the man became very rich. He had many flocks, female and male slaves, and camels and donkeys.
1 When Rachel saw that she was not bearing Jacob any children, she envied her sister. “Give me sons, or I will die!” she said to Jacob.
2 Jacob became angry with Rachel and said, “Am I in the place of God? He has withheld offspring from you!”
3 Then she said, “Here is my maid Bilhah. Go sleep with her, and she’ll bear children for me so that through her I too can build a family.”
4 So Rachel gave her slave Bilhah to Jacob as a wife, and he slept with her.
5 Bilhah conceived and bore Jacob a son.
6 Rachel said, “God has vindicated me; yes, he has heard me and given me a son,” so she named him Dan.
7 Rachel’s slave Bilhah conceived again and bore Jacob a second son.
8 Rachel said, “In my wrestlings with God, I have wrestled with my sister and won,” and she named him Naphtali.
9 When Leah saw that she had stopped having children, she took her slave Zilpah and gave her to Jacob as a wife.
10 Leah’s slave Zilpah bore Jacob a son.
11 Then Leah said, “What good fortune!” and she named him Gad.
12 When Leah’s slave Zilpah bore Jacob a second son,
13 Leah said, “I am happy that the women call me happy,” so she named him Asher.
14 Reuben went out during the wheat harvest and found some mandrakes in the field. When he brought them to his mother Leah, Rachel asked, “Please give me some of your son’s mandrakes.”
15 But Leah replied to her, “Isn’t it enough that you have taken my husband? Now you also want to take my son’s mandrakes?”
“Well then,” Rachel said, “he can sleep with you tonight in exchange for your son’s mandrakes.”
16 When Jacob came in from the field that evening, Leah went out to meet him and said, “You must come with me, for I have hired you with my son’s mandrakes.” So Jacob slept with her that night.
17 God listened to Leah, and she conceived and bore Jacob a fifth son.
18 Leah said, “God has rewarded me for giving my slave to my husband,” and she named him Issachar.
19 Then Leah conceived again and bore Jacob a sixth son.
20 “God has given me a good gift,” Leah said. “This time my husband will honor me because I have borne six sons for him,” and she named him Zebulun.
21 Later, Leah bore a daughter and named her Dinah.
22 Then God remembered Rachel. He listened to her and opened her womb.
23 She conceived and bore a son, and she said, “God has taken away my disgrace.”
24 She named him Joseph and said, “May the Lord add another son to me.”
25 After Rachel gave birth to Joseph, Jacob said to Laban, “Send me on my way so that I can return to my homeland.
26 Give me my wives and my children that I have worked for, and let me go. You know how hard I have worked for you.”
27 But Laban said to him, “If I have found favor with you, stay. I have learned by divination that the Lord has blessed me because of you.”
28 Then Laban said, “Name your wages, and I will pay them.”
29 So Jacob said to him, “You know how I have served you and how your herds have fared with me.
30 For you had very little before I came, but now your wealth has increased. The Lord has blessed you because of me. And now, when will I also do something for my own family?”
31 Laban asked, “What should I give you?”
And Jacob said, “You don’t need to give me anything. If you do this one thing for me, I will continue to shepherd and keep your flock.
32 Let me go through all your sheep today and remove every sheep that is speckled or spotted, every dark-colored sheep among the lambs, and the spotted and speckled among the female goats. Such will be my wages.
33 In the future when you come to check on my wages, my honesty will testify for me. If I have any female goats that are not speckled or spotted, or any lambs that are not black, they will be considered stolen.”
34 “Good,” said Laban. “Let it be as you have said.”
35 That day Laban removed the streaked and spotted male goats and all the speckled and spotted female goats—every one that had any white on it—and every dark-colored one among the lambs, and he placed his sons in charge of them.
36 He put a three-day journey between himself and Jacob. Jacob, meanwhile, was shepherding the rest of Laban’s flock.
37 Jacob then took branches of fresh poplar, almond, and plane wood, and peeled the bark, exposing white stripes on the branches.
38 He set the peeled branches in the troughs in front of the sheep—in the water channels where the sheep came to drink. And the sheep bred when they came to drink.
39 The flocks bred in front of the branches and bore streaked, speckled, and spotted young.
40 Jacob separated the lambs and made the flocks face the streaked sheep and the completely dark sheep in Laban’s flocks. Then he set his own stock apart and didn’t put them with Laban’s sheep.
41 Whenever the stronger of the flock were breeding, Jacob placed the branches in the troughs, in full view of the flocks, and they would breed in front of the branches.
42 As for the weaklings of the flocks, he did not put out the branches. So it turned out that the weak sheep belonged to Laban and the stronger ones to Jacob.
43 And the man became very rich. He had many flocks, female and male slaves, and camels and donkeys.

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Jacob Separates from Laban
# Chapter 31
1. Now Jacob heard what Laban's sons were saying: "Jacob has taken all that was our father's and has built this wealth from what belonged to our father."
2. And Jacob saw from Laban's face that his attitude toward him was not the same as before.
3. The Lord said to him, "Go back to the land of your ancestors and to your family, and I will be with you."
4. Jacob had Rachel and Leah called to the field where his flocks were.
5. He said to them, "I can see from your father's face that his attitude toward me is not the same as before, but the God of my father has been with me.
6. You know that with all my strength I have served your father
7. and that he has cheated me and changed my wages ten times. But God has not let him harm me.
8. If he said, 'The spotted sheep will be your wages,' then all the sheep were born spotted. If he said, 'The streaked sheep will be your wages,' then all the sheep were born streaked.
9. God has taken away your father's herds and given them to me.
10. "When the flocks were breeding, I saw in a dream that the streaked, spotted, and speckled males were mating with the females.
11. In that dream the angel of God said to me, 'Jacob!' and I said, 'Here I am.'
12. And he said, 'Look up and see: all the males that are mating with the flocks are streaked, spotted, and speckled, for I have seen all that Laban has been doing to you.
13. I am the God of Bethel, where you poured oil on the stone marker and made a solemn vow to me. Get up, leave this land, and return to your native land.'"
14. Then Rachel and Leah answered him, "Do we have any portion or inheritance in our father's family?
15. Are we not regarded by him as outsiders? For he has sold us and has certainly spent our purchase price.
16. In fact, all the wealth that God has taken away from our father belongs to us and to our children. So do whatever God has said to you."
17. So Jacob got up and put his children and wives on the camels.
18. He took all the livestock and possessions he had acquired in Paddan-aram, and he drove his herds to go to the land of Canaan, to his father Isaac.
19. When Laban had gone to shear his sheep, Rachel stole her father's household idols.
20. And Jacob deceived Laban the Aramean, not telling him that he was fleeing.
21. He fled with all his possessions, crossed the Euphrates, and headed for the hill country of Gilead.
Laban Overtakes Jacob
22. On the third day Laban was told that Jacob had fled.
23. So he took his relatives with him, pursued Jacob for seven days, and overtook him in the hill country of Gilead.
24. But God came to Laban the Aramean in a dream at night. "Watch yourself!" God warned him. "Don't say anything to Jacob, either good or bad."
25. When Laban overtook Jacob, Jacob had pitched his tent in the hill country, and Laban and his relatives also pitched their tents in the hill country of Gilead.
26. Laban said to Jacob, "What have you done? You have deceived me and taken my daughters away like prisoners of war!
27. Why did you secretly flee from me, deceive me, and not tell me? I would have sent you away with joy and singing, with tambourines and lyres,
28. but you didn't even let me kiss my grandchildren and my daughters. You have acted foolishly.
29. I could do you great harm, but last night the God of your father said to me, 'Watch yourself! Don't say anything to Jacob, either good or bad.'
30. Now you have gone off because you long for your father's family--but why have you stolen my gods?"
31. Jacob answered, "I was afraid, for I thought you would take your daughters from me by force.
32. If you find your gods with anyone here, he will not live! Before our relatives, point out anything that is yours and take it." Jacob did not know that Rachel had stolen the idols.
33. So Laban went into Jacob's tent, Leah's tent, and the tents of the two concubines, but he found nothing. When he left Leah's tent, he went into Rachel's tent.
34. Now Rachel had taken Laban's household idols, put them in the saddlebag of the camel, and sat on them. Laban searched the whole tent but found nothing.
35. She said to her father, "Don't be angry, my lord, that I cannot stand up in your presence; I am having my period." So Laban searched, but could not find the household idols.
Jacob's Covenant with Laban
36. Then Jacob became incensed and brought charges against Laban. "What is my crime?" he said to Laban. "What is my sin, that you have pursued me?
37. You've searched all my possessions! Have you found anything of yours? Put it here before my relatives and yours, and let them decide between the two of us.
38. I've been with you these twenty years. Your ewes and female goats have not miscarried, and I have not eaten the rams from your flock.
39. I did not bring you any of the flock torn by wild beasts; I myself bore the loss. You demanded payment from me for what was stolen by day or by night.
40. There I was--the heat consumed me by day and the frost by night, and sleep fled from my eyes.
41. For twenty years in your household I served you--fourteen years for your two daughters and six years for your flocks--and you have changed my wages ten times!
42. If the God of my father, the God of Abraham, the Fear of Isaac, had not been with me, certainly now you would have sent me off empty-handed. But God has seen my affliction and my hard work, and he issued his verdict last night."
43. Then Laban answered Jacob, "The daughters are my daughters; the children, my children; and the flocks, my flocks! Everything you see is mine! But what can I do today for these daughters of mine or for the children they have borne?
44. Come now, let's make a covenant, you and I. Let it be a witness between the two of us."
45. So Jacob picked out a stone and set it up as a marker.
46. Then Jacob said to his relatives, "Gather stones." And they took stones and made a mound, then ate there by the mound.
47. Laban named the mound Jegar-sahadutha, but Jacob named it Galeed.
48. Then Laban said, "This mound is a witness between you and me today." Therefore the place was called Galeed
49. and also Mizpah, for he said, "May the Lord watch between you and me when we are out of each other's sight.
50. If you mistreat my daughters or take other wives, though no one is with us, understand that God will be a witness between you and me."
51. Laban also said to Jacob, "Look at this mound and the marker I have set up between you and me.
52. This mound is a witness and the marker is a witness that I will not pass beyond this mound to you, and you will not pass beyond this mound and this marker to do me harm.
53. The God of Abraham, and the gods of Nahor--the gods of their father--will judge between us." And Jacob swore by the Fear of his father Isaac.
54. Then Jacob offered a sacrifice on the mountain and invited his relatives to eat a meal. So they ate a meal and spent the night on the mountain.
55. Laban got up early in the morning, kissed his grandchildren and daughters, and blessed them. Then Laban left to return home.
1 Now Jacob heard what Laban’s sons were saying: “Jacob has taken all that was our father’s and has built this wealth from what belonged to our father.”
2 And Jacob saw from Laban’s face that his attitude toward him was not the same as before.
3 The Lord said to him, “Go back to the land of your ancestors and to your family, and I will be with you.”
4 Jacob had Rachel and Leah called to the field where his flocks were.
5 He said to them, “I can see from your father’s face that his attitude toward me is not the same as before, but the God of my father has been with me.
6 You know that with all my strength I have served your father
7 and that he has cheated me and changed my wages ten times. But God has not let him harm me.
8 If he said, ‘The spotted sheep will be your wages,’ then all the sheep were born spotted. If he said, ‘The streaked sheep will be your wages,’ then all the sheep were born streaked.
9 God has taken away your father’s herds and given them to me.
10 “When the flocks were breeding, I saw in a dream that the streaked, spotted, and speckled males were mating with the females.
11 In that dream the angel of God said to me, ‘Jacob!’ and I said, ‘Here I am.’
12 And he said, ‘Look up and see: all the males that are mating with the flocks are streaked, spotted, and speckled, for I have seen all that Laban has been doing to you.
13 I am the God of Bethel, where you poured oil on the stone marker and made a solemn vow to me. Get up, leave this land, and return to your native land.’”
14 Then Rachel and Leah answered him, “Do we have any portion or inheritance in our father’s family?
15 Are we not regarded by him as outsiders? For he has sold us and has certainly spent our purchase price.
16 In fact, all the wealth that God has taken away from our father belongs to us and to our children. So do whatever God has said to you.”
17 So Jacob got up and put his children and wives on the camels.
18 He took all the livestock and possessions he had acquired in Paddan-aram, and he drove his herds to go to the land of Canaan, to his father Isaac.
19 When Laban had gone to shear his sheep, Rachel stole her father’s household idols.
20 And Jacob deceived Laban the Aramean, not telling him that he was fleeing.
21 He fled with all his possessions, crossed the Euphrates, and headed for the hill country of Gilead.
22 On the third day Laban was told that Jacob had fled.
23 So he took his relatives with him, pursued Jacob for seven days, and overtook him in the hill country of Gilead.
24 But God came to Laban the Aramean in a dream at night. “Watch yourself!” God warned him. “Don’t say anything to Jacob, either good or bad.”
25 When Laban overtook Jacob, Jacob had pitched his tent in the hill country, and Laban and his relatives also pitched their tents in the hill country of Gilead.
26 Laban said to Jacob, “What have you done? You have deceived me and taken my daughters away like prisoners of war!
27 Why did you secretly flee from me, deceive me, and not tell me? I would have sent you away with joy and singing, with tambourines and lyres,
28 but you didn’t even let me kiss my grandchildren and my daughters. You have acted foolishly.
29 I could do you great harm, but last night the God of your father said to me, ‘Watch yourself! Don’t say anything to Jacob, either good or bad.’
30 Now you have gone off because you long for your father’s family—but why have you stolen my gods?”
31 Jacob answered, “I was afraid, for I thought you would take your daughters from me by force.
32 If you find your gods with anyone here, he will not live! Before our relatives, point out anything that is yours and take it.” Jacob did not know that Rachel had stolen the idols.
33 So Laban went into Jacob’s tent, Leah’s tent, and the tents of the two concubines, but he found nothing. When he left Leah’s tent, he went into Rachel’s tent.
34 Now Rachel had taken Laban’s household idols, put them in the saddlebag of the camel, and sat on them. Laban searched the whole tent but found nothing.
35 She said to her father, “Don’t be angry, my lord, that I cannot stand up in your presence; I am having my period.” So Laban searched, but could not find the household idols.
36 Then Jacob became incensed and brought charges against Laban. “What is my crime?” he said to Laban. “What is my sin, that you have pursued me?
37 You’ve searched all my possessions! Have you found anything of yours? Put it here before my relatives and yours, and let them decide between the two of us.
38 I’ve been with you these twenty years. Your ewes and female goats have not miscarried, and I have not eaten the rams from your flock.
39 I did not bring you any of the flock torn by wild beasts; I myself bore the loss. You demanded payment from me for what was stolen by day or by night.
40 There I was—the heat consumed me by day and the frost by night, and sleep fled from my eyes.
41 For twenty years in your household I served you—fourteen years for your two daughters and six years for your flocks—and you have changed my wages ten times!
42 If the God of my father, the God of Abraham, the Fear of Isaac, had not been with me, certainly now you would have sent me off empty-handed. But God has seen my affliction and my hard work, and he issued his verdict last night.”
43 Then Laban answered Jacob, “The daughters are my daughters; the children, my children; and the flocks, my flocks! Everything you see is mine! But what can I do today for these daughters of mine or for the children they have borne?
44 Come now, let’s make a covenant, you and I. Let it be a witness between the two of us.”
45 So Jacob picked out a stone and set it up as a marker.
46 Then Jacob said to his relatives, “Gather stones.” And they took stones and made a mound, then ate there by the mound.
47 Laban named the mound Jegar-sahadutha, but Jacob named it Galeed.
48 Then Laban said, “This mound is a witness between you and me today.” Therefore the place was called Galeed
49 and also Mizpah, for he said, “May the Lord watch between you and me when we are out of each other’s sight.
50 If you mistreat my daughters or take other wives, though no one is with us, understand that God will be a witness between you and me.”
51 Laban also said to Jacob, “Look at this mound and the marker I have set up between you and me.
52 This mound is a witness and the marker is a witness that I will not pass beyond this mound to you, and you will not pass beyond this mound and this marker to do me harm.
53 The God of Abraham, and the gods of Nahor—the gods of their father—will judge between us.” And Jacob swore by the Fear of his father Isaac.
54 Then Jacob offered a sacrifice on the mountain and invited his relatives to eat a meal. So they ate a meal and spent the night on the mountain.
55 Laban got up early in the morning, kissed his grandchildren and daughters, and blessed them. Then Laban left to return home.

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Preparing to Meet Esau
# Chapter 32
1. Jacob went on his way, and God's angels met him.
2. When he saw them, Jacob said, "This is God's camp." So he called that place Mahanaim.
3. Jacob sent messengers ahead of him to his brother Esau in the land of Seir, the territory of Edom.
4. He commanded them, "You are to say to my lord Esau, 'This is what your servant Jacob says. I have been staying with Laban and have been delayed until now.
5. I have oxen, donkeys, flocks, and male and female slaves. I have sent this message to inform my lord, in order to seek your favor.'"
6. When the messengers returned to Jacob, they said, "We went to your brother Esau; he is coming to meet you--and he has four hundred men with him."
7. Jacob was greatly afraid and distressed; he divided the people with him into two camps, along with the flocks, herds, and camels.
8. He thought, "If Esau comes to one camp and attacks it, the remaining one can escape."
9. Then Jacob said, "God of my father Abraham and God of my father Isaac, the Lord who said to me, 'Go back to your land and to your family, and I will cause you to prosper,'
10. I am unworthy of all the kindness and faithfulness you have shown your servant. Indeed, I crossed over the Jordan with my staff, and now I have become two camps.
11. Please rescue me from my brother Esau, for I am afraid of him; otherwise, he may come and attack me, the mothers, and their children.
12. You have said, 'I will cause you to prosper, and I will make your offspring like the sand of the sea, too numerous to be counted.'"
13. He spent the night there and took part of what he had brought with him as a gift for his brother Esau:
14. two hundred female goats, twenty male goats, two hundred ewes, twenty rams,
15. thirty milk camels with their young, forty cows, ten bulls, twenty female donkeys, and ten male donkeys.
16. He entrusted them to his slaves as separate herds and said to them, "Go on ahead of me, and leave some distance between the herds."
17. And he told the first one, "When my brother Esau meets you and asks, 'Who do you belong to? Where are you going? And whose animals are these ahead of you?'
18. then tell him, 'They belong to your servant Jacob. They are a gift sent to my lord Esau. And look, he is behind us.'"
19. He also told the second one, the third, and everyone who was walking behind the animals, "Say the same thing to Esau when you find him.
20. You are also to say, 'Look, your servant Jacob is right behind us.'" For he thought, "I want to appease Esau with the gift that is going ahead of me. After that, I can face him, and perhaps he will forgive me."
21. So the gift was sent on ahead of him while he remained in the camp that night.
22. During the night Jacob got up and took his two wives, his two slave women, and his eleven sons, and crossed the ford of Jabbok.
23. He took them and sent them across the stream, along with all his possessions.
Jacob Wrestles with God
24. Jacob was left alone, and a man wrestled with him until daybreak.
25. When the man saw that he could not defeat him, he struck Jacob's hip socket as they wrestled and dislocated his hip.
26. Then he said to Jacob, "Let me go, for it is daybreak."
But Jacob said, "I will not let you go unless you bless me."
27. "What is your name?" the man asked.
"Jacob," he replied.
28. "Your name will no longer be Jacob," he said. "It will be Israel because you have struggled with God and with men and have prevailed."
29. Then Jacob asked him, "Please tell me your name."
But he answered, "Why do you ask my name?" And he blessed him there.
30. Jacob then named the place Peniel, "For I have seen God face to face," he said, "yet my life has been spared."
31. The sun shone on him as he passed by Penuel--limping because of his hip.
32. That is why, still today, the Israelites don't eat the thigh muscle that is at the hip socket: because he struck Jacob's hip socket at the thigh muscle.
1 Jacob went on his way, and God’s angels met him.
2 When he saw them, Jacob said, “This is God’s camp.” So he called that place Mahanaim.
3 Jacob sent messengers ahead of him to his brother Esau in the land of Seir, the territory of Edom.
4 He commanded them, “You are to say to my lord Esau, ‘This is what your servant Jacob says. I have been staying with Laban and have been delayed until now.
5 I have oxen, donkeys, flocks, and male and female slaves. I have sent this message to inform my lord, in order to seek your favor.’”
6 When the messengers returned to Jacob, they said, “We went to your brother Esau; he is coming to meet you—and he has four hundred men with him.”
7 Jacob was greatly afraid and distressed; he divided the people with him into two camps, along with the flocks, herds, and camels.
8 He thought, “If Esau comes to one camp and attacks it, the remaining one can escape.”
9 Then Jacob said, “God of my father Abraham and God of my father Isaac, the Lord who said to me, ‘Go back to your land and to your family, and I will cause you to prosper,’
10 I am unworthy of all the kindness and faithfulness you have shown your servant. Indeed, I crossed over the Jordan with my staff, and now I have become two camps.
11 Please rescue me from my brother Esau, for I am afraid of him; otherwise, he may come and attack me, the mothers, and their children.
12 You have said, ‘I will cause you to prosper, and I will make your offspring like the sand of the sea, too numerous to be counted.’”
13 He spent the night there and took part of what he had brought with him as a gift for his brother Esau:
14 two hundred female goats, twenty male goats, two hundred ewes, twenty rams,
15 thirty milk camels with their young, forty cows, ten bulls, twenty female donkeys, and ten male donkeys.
16 He entrusted them to his slaves as separate herds and said to them, “Go on ahead of me, and leave some distance between the herds.”
17 And he told the first one, “When my brother Esau meets you and asks, ‘Who do you belong to? Where are you going? And whose animals are these ahead of you?’
18 then tell him, ‘They belong to your servant Jacob. They are a gift sent to my lord Esau. And look, he is behind us.’”
19 He also told the second one, the third, and everyone who was walking behind the animals, “Say the same thing to Esau when you find him.
20 You are also to say, ‘Look, your servant Jacob is right behind us.’” For he thought, “I want to appease Esau with the gift that is going ahead of me. After that, I can face him, and perhaps he will forgive me.”
21 So the gift was sent on ahead of him while he remained in the camp that night.
22 During the night Jacob got up and took his two wives, his two slave women, and his eleven sons, and crossed the ford of Jabbok.
23 He took them and sent them across the stream, along with all his possessions.
24 Jacob was left alone, and a man wrestled with him until daybreak.
25 When the man saw that he could not defeat him, he struck Jacob’s hip socket as they wrestled and dislocated his hip.
26 Then he said to Jacob, “Let me go, for it is daybreak.”
But Jacob said, “I will not let you go unless you bless me.”
27 “What is your name?” the man asked.
“Jacob,” he replied.
28 “Your name will no longer be Jacob,” he said. “It will be Israel because you have struggled with God and with men and have prevailed.”
29 Then Jacob asked him, “Please tell me your name.”
But he answered, “Why do you ask my name?” And he blessed him there.
30 Jacob then named the place Peniel, “For I have seen God face to face,” he said, “yet my life has been spared.”
31 The sun shone on him as he passed by Penuel—limping because of his hip.
32 That is why, still today, the Israelites don’t eat the thigh muscle that is at the hip socket: because he struck Jacob’s hip socket at the thigh muscle.

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Jacob Meets Esau
# Chapter 33
1. Now Jacob looked up and saw Esau coming toward him with four hundred men. So he divided the children among Leah, Rachel, and the two slave women.
2. He put the slaves and their children first, Leah and her children next, and Rachel and Joseph last.
3. He himself went on ahead and bowed to the ground seven times until he approached his brother.
4. But Esau ran to meet him, hugged him, threw his arms around him, and kissed him. Then they wept.
5. When Esau looked up and saw the women and children, he asked, "Who are these with you?"
He answered, "The children God has graciously given your servant."
6. Then the slaves and their children approached him and bowed down.
7. Leah and her children also approached and bowed down, and then Joseph and Rachel approached and bowed down.
8. So Esau said, "What do you mean by this whole procession I met?"
"To find favor with you, my lord," he answered.
9. "I have enough, my brother," Esau replied. "Keep what you have."
10. But Jacob said, "No, please! If I have found favor with you, take this gift from me. For indeed, I have seen your face, and it is like seeing God's face, since you have accepted me.
11. Please take my present that was brought to you, because God has been gracious to me and I have everything I need." So Jacob urged him until he accepted.
12. Then Esau said, "Let's move on, and I'll go ahead of you."
13. Jacob replied, "My lord knows that the children are weak, and I have nursing flocks and herds. If they are driven hard for one day, the whole herd will die.
14. Let my lord go ahead of his servant. I will continue on slowly, at a pace suited to the livestock and the children, until I come to my lord at Seir."
15. Esau said, "Let me leave some of my people with you."
But he replied, "Why do that? Please indulge me, my lord."
16. That day Esau started on his way back to Seir,
17. but Jacob went to Succoth. He built a house for himself and shelters for his livestock; that is why the place was called Succoth.
18. After Jacob came from Paddan-aram, he arrived safely at Shechem in the land of Canaan and camped in front of the city.
19. He purchased a section of the field where he had pitched his tent from the sons of Hamor, Shechem's father, for a hundred pieces of silver.
20. And he set up an altar there and called it God, the God of Israel.
1 Now Jacob looked up and saw Esau coming toward him with four hundred men. So he divided the children among Leah, Rachel, and the two slave women.
2 He put the slaves and their children first, Leah and her children next, and Rachel and Joseph last.
3 He himself went on ahead and bowed to the ground seven times until he approached his brother.
4 But Esau ran to meet him, hugged him, threw his arms around him, and kissed him. Then they wept.
5 When Esau looked up and saw the women and children, he asked, “Who are these with you?”
He answered, “The children God has graciously given your servant.”
6 Then the slaves and their children approached him and bowed down.
7 Leah and her children also approached and bowed down, and then Joseph and Rachel approached and bowed down.
8 So Esau said, “What do you mean by this whole procession I met?”
“To find favor with you, my lord,” he answered.
9 “I have enough, my brother,” Esau replied. “Keep what you have.”
10 But Jacob said, “No, please! If I have found favor with you, take this gift from me. For indeed, I have seen your face, and it is like seeing God’s face, since you have accepted me.
11 Please take my present that was brought to you, because God has been gracious to me and I have everything I need.” So Jacob urged him until he accepted.
12 Then Esau said, “Let’s move on, and I’ll go ahead of you.”
13 Jacob replied, “My lord knows that the children are weak, and I have nursing flocks and herds. If they are driven hard for one day, the whole herd will die.
14 Let my lord go ahead of his servant. I will continue on slowly, at a pace suited to the livestock and the children, until I come to my lord at Seir.”
15 Esau said, “Let me leave some of my people with you.”
But he replied, “Why do that? Please indulge me, my lord.”
16 That day Esau started on his way back to Seir,
17 but Jacob went to Succoth. He built a house for himself and shelters for his livestock; that is why the place was called Succoth.
18 After Jacob came from Paddan-aram, he arrived safely at Shechem in the land of Canaan and camped in front of the city.
19 He purchased a section of the field where he had pitched his tent from the sons of Hamor, Shechem’s father, for a hundred pieces of silver.
20 And he set up an altar there and called it God, the God of Israel.

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Dinah Defiled
# Chapter 34
1. Leah's daughter Dinah, whom Leah bore to Jacob, went out to see some of the young women of the area.
2. When Shechem--son of Hamor the Hivite, who was the region's chieftain--saw her, he took her and raped her.
3. He became infatuated with Jacob's daughter Dinah. He loved the young girl and spoke tenderly to her.
4. "Get me this girl as a wife," he told his father.
5. Jacob heard that Shechem had defiled his daughter Dinah, but since his sons were with his livestock in the field, he remained silent until they returned.
6. Meanwhile, Shechem's father Hamor came to speak with Jacob.
7. Jacob's sons returned from the field when they heard about the incident. They were deeply grieved and very angry, for Shechem had committed an outrage against Israel by raping Jacob's daughter, and such a thing should not be done.
8. Hamor said to Jacob's sons, "My son Shechem has his heart set on your daughter. Please give her to him as a wife.
9. Intermarry with us; give your daughters to us, and take our daughters for yourselves.
10. Live with us. The land is before you. Settle here, move about, and acquire property in it."
11. Then Shechem said to Dinah's father and brothers, "Grant me this favor, and I'll give you whatever you say.
12. Demand of me a high compensation and gift; I'll give you whatever you ask me. Just give the girl to be my wife!"
13. But Jacob's sons answered Shechem and his father Hamor deceitfully because he had defiled their sister Dinah.
14. "We cannot do this thing," they said to them. "Giving our sister to an uncircumcised man is a disgrace to us.
15. We will agree with you only on this condition: if all your males are circumcised as we are.
16. Then we will give you our daughters, take your daughters for ourselves, live with you, and become one people.
17. But if you will not listen to us and be circumcised, then we will take our daughter and go."
18. Their words seemed good to Hamor and his son Shechem.
19. The young man did not delay doing this, because he was delighted with Jacob's daughter. Now he was the most important in all his father's family.
20. So Hamor and his son Shechem went to the gate of their city and spoke to the men of their city.
21. "These men are peaceful toward us," they said. "Let them live in our land and move about in it, for indeed, the region is large enough for them. Let's take their daughters as our wives and give our daughters to them.
22. But the men will agree to live with us and be one people only on this condition: if all our men are circumcised as they are.
23. Won't their livestock, their possessions, and all their animals become ours? Only let's agree with them, and they will live with us."
24. All the men who had come to the city gates listened to Hamor and his son Shechem, and all those men were circumcised.
25. On the third day, when they were still in pain, two of Jacob's sons, Simeon and Levi, Dinah's brothers, took their swords, went into the unsuspecting city, and killed every male.
26. They killed Hamor and his son Shechem with their swords, took Dinah from Shechem's house, and went away.
27. Jacob's sons came to the slaughter and plundered the city because their sister had been defiled.
28. They took their flocks, herds, donkeys, and whatever was in the city and in the field.
29. They captured all their possessions, dependents, and wives and plundered everything in the houses.
30. Then Jacob said to Simeon and Levi, "You have brought trouble on me, making me odious to the inhabitants of the land, the Canaanites and the Perizzites. We are few in number; if they unite against me and attack me, I and my household will be destroyed."
31. But they answered, "Should he treat our sister like a prostitute?"
1 Leah’s daughter Dinah, whom Leah bore to Jacob, went out to see some of the young women of the area.
2 When Shechem—son of Hamor the Hivite, who was the region’s chieftain—saw her, he took her and raped her.
3 He became infatuated with Jacob’s daughter Dinah. He loved the young girl and spoke tenderly to her.
4 “Get me this girl as a wife,” he told his father.
5 Jacob heard that Shechem had defiled his daughter Dinah, but since his sons were with his livestock in the field, he remained silent until they returned.
6 Meanwhile, Shechem’s father Hamor came to speak with Jacob.
7 Jacob’s sons returned from the field when they heard about the incident. They were deeply grieved and very angry, for Shechem had committed an outrage against Israel by raping Jacob’s daughter, and such a thing should not be done.
8 Hamor said to Jacob’s sons, “My son Shechem has his heart set on your daughter. Please give her to him as a wife.
9 Intermarry with us; give your daughters to us, and take our daughters for yourselves.
10 Live with us. The land is before you. Settle here, move about, and acquire property in it.”
11 Then Shechem said to Dinah’s father and brothers, “Grant me this favor, and I’ll give you whatever you say.
12 Demand of me a high compensation and gift; I’ll give you whatever you ask me. Just give the girl to be my wife!”
13 But Jacob’s sons answered Shechem and his father Hamor deceitfully because he had defiled their sister Dinah.
14 “We cannot do this thing,” they said to them. “Giving our sister to an uncircumcised man is a disgrace to us.
15 We will agree with you only on this condition: if all your males are circumcised as we are.
16 Then we will give you our daughters, take your daughters for ourselves, live with you, and become one people.
17 But if you will not listen to us and be circumcised, then we will take our daughter and go.”
18 Their words seemed good to Hamor and his son Shechem.
19 The young man did not delay doing this, because he was delighted with Jacob’s daughter. Now he was the most important in all his father’s family.
20 So Hamor and his son Shechem went to the gate of their city and spoke to the men of their city.
21 “These men are peaceful toward us,” they said. “Let them live in our land and move about in it, for indeed, the region is large enough for them. Let’s take their daughters as our wives and give our daughters to them.
22 But the men will agree to live with us and be one people only on this condition: if all our men are circumcised as they are.
23 Won’t their livestock, their possessions, and all their animals become ours? Only let’s agree with them, and they will live with us.”
24 All the men who had come to the city gates listened to Hamor and his son Shechem, and all those men were circumcised.
25 On the third day, when they were still in pain, two of Jacob’s sons, Simeon and Levi, Dinah’s brothers, took their swords, went into the unsuspecting city, and killed every male.
26 They killed Hamor and his son Shechem with their swords, took Dinah from Shechem’s house, and went away.
27 Jacob’s sons came to the slaughter and plundered the city because their sister had been defiled.
28 They took their flocks, herds, donkeys, and whatever was in the city and in the field.
29 They captured all their possessions, dependents, and wives and plundered everything in the houses.
30 Then Jacob said to Simeon and Levi, “You have brought trouble on me, making me odious to the inhabitants of the land, the Canaanites and the Perizzites. We are few in number; if they unite against me and attack me, I and my household will be destroyed.”
31 But they answered, “Should he treat our sister like a prostitute?”

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Return to Bethel
# Chapter 35
1. God said to Jacob, "Get up! Go to Bethel and settle there. Build an altar there to the God who appeared to you when you fled from your brother Esau."
2. So Jacob said to his family and all who were with him, "Get rid of the foreign gods that are among you. Purify yourselves and change your clothes.
3. We must get up and go to Bethel. I will build an altar there to the God who answered me in my day of distress. He has been with me everywhere I have gone."
4. Then they gave Jacob all their foreign gods and their earrings, and Jacob hid them under the oak near Shechem.
5. When they set out, a terror from God came over the cities around them, and they did not pursue Jacob's sons.
6. So Jacob and all who were with him came to Luz (that is, Bethel) in the land of Canaan.
7. Jacob built an altar there and called the place El-bethel because it was there that God had revealed himself to him when he was fleeing from his brother.
8. Deborah, the one who had nursed and raised Rebekah, died and was buried under the oak south of Bethel. So Jacob named it Allon-bacuth.
9. God appeared to Jacob again after he returned from Paddan-aram, and he blessed him.
10. God said to him, "Your name is Jacob; you will no longer be named Jacob, but your name will be Israel." So he named him Israel.
11. God also said to him, "I am God Almighty. Be fruitful and multiply. A nation, indeed an assembly of nations, will come from you, and kings will descend from you.
12. I will give to you the land that I gave to Abraham and Isaac. And I will give the land to your future descendants."
13. Then God withdrew from him at the place where he had spoken to him.
14. Jacob set up a marker at the place where he had spoken to him--a stone marker. He poured a drink offering on it and poured oil on it.
15. Jacob named the place where God had spoken with him Bethel.
Rachel's Death
16. They set out from Bethel. When they were still some distance from Ephrath, Rachel began to give birth, and her labor was difficult.
17. During her difficult labor, the midwife said to her, "Don't be afraid, for you have another son."
18. With her last breath--for she was dying--she named him Ben-oni, but his father called him Benjamin.
19. So Rachel died and was buried on the way to Ephrath (that is, Bethlehem).
20. Jacob set up a marker on her grave; it is the marker at Rachel's grave still today.
Israel's Sons
21. Israel set out again and pitched his tent beyond the Tower of Eder.
22. While Israel was living in that region, Reuben went in and slept with his father's concubine Bilhah, and Israel heard about it.
1 God said to Jacob, “Get up! Go to Bethel and settle there. Build an altar there to the God who appeared to you when you fled from your brother Esau.”
2 So Jacob said to his family and all who were with him, “Get rid of the foreign gods that are among you. Purify yourselves and change your clothes.
3 We must get up and go to Bethel. I will build an altar there to the God who answered me in my day of distress. He has been with me everywhere I have gone.”
4 Then they gave Jacob all their foreign gods and their earrings, and Jacob hid them under the oak near Shechem.
5 When they set out, a terror from God came over the cities around them, and they did not pursue Jacob’s sons.
6 So Jacob and all who were with him came to Luz (that is, Bethel) in the land of Canaan.
7 Jacob built an altar there and called the place El-bethel because it was there that God had revealed himself to him when he was fleeing from his brother.
8 Deborah, the one who had nursed and raised Rebekah, died and was buried under the oak south of Bethel. So Jacob named it Allon-bacuth.
9 God appeared to Jacob again after he returned from Paddan-aram, and he blessed him.
10 God said to him, “Your name is Jacob; you will no longer be named Jacob, but your name will be Israel.” So he named him Israel.
11 God also said to him, “I am God Almighty. Be fruitful and multiply. A nation, indeed an assembly of nations, will come from you, and kings will descend from you.
12 I will give to you the land that I gave to Abraham and Isaac. And I will give the land to your future descendants.”
13 Then God withdrew from him at the place where he had spoken to him.
14 Jacob set up a marker at the place where he had spoken to him—a stone marker. He poured a drink offering on it and poured oil on it.
15 Jacob named the place where God had spoken with him Bethel.
16 They set out from Bethel. When they were still some distance from Ephrath, Rachel began to give birth, and her labor was difficult.
17 During her difficult labor, the midwife said to her, “Don’t be afraid, for you have another son.”
18 With her last breath—for she was dying—she named him Ben-oni, but his father called him Benjamin.
19 So Rachel died and was buried on the way to Ephrath (that is, Bethlehem).
20 Jacob set up a marker on her grave; it is the marker at Rachel’s grave still today.
21 Israel set out again and pitched his tent beyond the Tower of Eder.
22 While Israel was living in that region, Reuben went in and slept with his father’s concubine Bilhah, and Israel heard about it.
Jacob had twelve sons:
23. Leah's sons were Reuben (Jacob's firstborn),
23 Leah’s sons were Reuben (Jacob’s firstborn),
Simeon, Levi, Judah,
Issachar, and Zebulun.
24. Rachel's sons were
24 Rachel’s sons were
Joseph and Benjamin.
25. The sons of Rachel's slave Bilhah
25 The sons of Rachel’s slave Bilhah
were Dan and Naphtali.
26. The sons of Leah's slave Zilpah
26 The sons of Leah’s slave Zilpah
were Gad and Asher.
These are the sons of Jacob, who were born to him in Paddan-aram.
Isaac's Death
27. Jacob came to his father Isaac at Mamre in Kiriath-arba (that is, Hebron), where Abraham and Isaac had stayed.
28. Isaac lived 180 years.
29. He took his last breath and died, and was gathered to his people, old and full of days. His sons Esau and Jacob buried him.
27 Jacob came to his father Isaac at Mamre in Kiriath-arba (that is, Hebron), where Abraham and Isaac had stayed.
28 Isaac lived 180 years.
29 He took his last breath and died, and was gathered to his people, old and full of days. His sons Esau and Jacob buried him.

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Esau's Family
# Chapter 36
1. These are the family records of Esau (that is, Edom).
2. Esau took his wives from the Canaanite women: Adah daughter of Elon the Hethite, Oholibamah daughter of Anah and granddaughter of Zibeon the Hivite,
3. and Basemath daughter of Ishmael and sister of Nebaioth.
4. Adah bore Eliphaz to Esau, Basemath bore Reuel,
5. and Oholibamah bore Jeush, Jalam, and Korah. These were Esau's sons, who were born to him in the land of Canaan.
6. Esau took his wives, sons, daughters, and all the people of his household, as well as his herds, all his livestock, and all the property he had acquired in Canaan; he went to a land away from his brother Jacob.
7. For their possessions were too many for them to live together, and because of their herds, the land where they stayed could not support them.
8. So Esau (that is, Edom) lived in the mountains of Seir.
9. These are the family records of Esau, father of the Edomites in the mountains of Seir.
10. These are the names of Esau's sons:
Eliphaz son of Esau's wife Adah,
and Reuel son of Esau's wife Basemath.
11. The sons of Eliphaz were
1 These are the family records of Esau (that is, Edom).
2 Esau took his wives from the Canaanite women: Adah daughter of Elon the Hethite, Oholibamah daughter of Anah and granddaughter of Zibeon the Hivite,
3 and Basemath daughter of Ishmael and sister of Nebaioth.
4 Adah bore Eliphaz to Esau, Basemath bore Reuel,
5 and Oholibamah bore Jeush, Jalam, and Korah. These were Esau’s sons, who were born to him in the land of Canaan.
6 Esau took his wives, sons, daughters, and all the people of his household, as well as his herds, all his livestock, and all the property he had acquired in Canaan; he went to a land away from his brother Jacob.
7 For their possessions were too many for them to live together, and because of their herds, the land where they stayed could not support them.
8 So Esau (that is, Edom) lived in the mountains of Seir.
9 These are the family records of Esau, father of the Edomites in the mountains of Seir.
10 These are the names of Esau’s sons:
Eliphaz son of Esau’s wife Adah,
and Reuel son of Esau’s wife Basemath.
11 The sons of Eliphaz were
Teman, Omar, Zepho, Gatam, and Kenaz.
12. Timna, a concubine of Esau's son Eliphaz,
12 Timna, a concubine of Esau’s son Eliphaz,
bore Amalek to Eliphaz.
These are the sons of Esau's wife Adah.
13. These are Reuel's sons:
These are the sons of Esau’s wife Adah.
13 These are Reuel’s sons:
Nahath, Zerah, Shammah, and Mizzah.
These are the sons of Esau's wife Basemath.
14. These are the sons of Esau's wife Oholibamah
These are the sons of Esau’s wife Basemath.
14 These are the sons of Esau’s wife Oholibamah
daughter of Anah and granddaughter of Zibeon:
She bore Jeush, Jalam, and Korah to Edom.
15. These are the chiefs among Esau's sons:
the sons of Eliphaz, Esau's firstborn:
15 These are the chiefs among Esau’s sons:
the sons of Eliphaz, Esau’s firstborn:
chief Teman, chief Omar, chief Zepho, chief Kenaz,
16. chief Korah, chief Gatam, and chief Amalek.
16 chief Korah, chief Gatam, and chief Amalek.
These are the chiefs descended from Eliphaz
in the land of Edom.
These are the sons of Adah.
17. These are the sons of Reuel, Esau's son:
17 These are the sons of Reuel, Esau’s son:
chief Nahath, chief Zerah, chief Shammah, and chief Mizzah.
These are the chiefs descended from Reuel
in the land of Edom.
These are the sons of Esau's wife Basemath.
18. These are the sons of Esau's wife Oholibamah:
These are the sons of Esau’s wife Basemath.
18 These are the sons of Esau’s wife Oholibamah:
chief Jeush, chief Jalam, and chief Korah.
These are the chiefs descended from Esau's wife Oholibamah
These are the chiefs descended from Esau’s wife Oholibamah
daughter of Anah.
19. These are the sons of Esau (that is, Edom),
19 These are the sons of Esau (that is, Edom),
and these are their chiefs.
Seir's Family
20. These are the sons of Seir the Horite,
20 These are the sons of Seir the Horite,
the inhabitants of the land:
Lotan, Shobal, Zibeon, Anah,
21. Dishon, Ezer, and Dishan.
21 Dishon, Ezer, and Dishan.
These are the chiefs among the Horites,
the sons of Seir, in the land of Edom.
22. The sons of Lotan were Hori and Heman.
Timna was Lotan's sister.
23. These are Shobal's sons:
22 The sons of Lotan were Hori and Heman.
Timna was Lotan’s sister.
23 These are Shobal’s sons:
Alvan, Manahath, Ebal, Shepho, and Onam.
24. These are Zibeon's sons: Aiah and Anah.
24 These are Zibeon’s sons: Aiah and Anah.
This was the Anah who found the hot springs in the wilderness
while he was pasturing the donkeys of his father Zibeon.
25. These are the children of Anah:
25 These are the children of Anah:
Dishon and Oholibamah daughter of Anah.
26. These are Dishon's sons:
26 These are Dishon’s sons:
Hemdan, Eshban, Ithran, and Cheran.
27. These are Ezer's sons:
27 These are Ezer’s sons:
Bilhan, Zaavan, and Akan.
28. These are Dishan's sons: Uz and Aran.
29. These are the chiefs among the Horites:
28 These are Dishan’s sons: Uz and Aran.
29 These are the chiefs among the Horites:
chief Lotan, chief Shobal, chief Zibeon, chief Anah,
30. chief Dishon, chief Ezer, and chief Dishan.
30 chief Dishon, chief Ezer, and chief Dishan.
These are the chiefs among the Horites,
clan by clan, in the land of Seir.
Rulers of Edom
31. These are the kings who reigned in the land of Edom
31 These are the kings who reigned in the land of Edom
before any king reigned over the Israelites:
32. Bela son of Beor reigned in Edom;
32 Bela son of Beor reigned in Edom;
the name of his city was Dinhabah.
33. When Bela died, Jobab son of Zerah from Bozrah reigned in his place.
34. When Jobab died, Husham from the land of the Temanites reigned in his place.
35. When Husham died, Hadad son of Bedad reigned in his place.
33 When Bela died, Jobab son of Zerah from Bozrah reigned in his place.
34 When Jobab died, Husham from the land of the Temanites reigned in his place.
35 When Husham died, Hadad son of Bedad reigned in his place.
He defeated Midian in the field of Moab;
the name of his city was Avith.
36. When Hadad died, Samlah from Masrekah reigned in his place.
37. When Samlah died, Shaul from Rehoboth on the Euphrates River reigned in his place.
38. When Shaul died, Baal-hanan son of Achbor reigned in his place.
39. When Baal-hanan son of Achbor died, Hadar reigned in his place.
His city was Pau, and his wife's name was Mehetabel
36 When Hadad died, Samlah from Masrekah reigned in his place.
37 When Samlah died, Shaul from Rehoboth on the Euphrates River reigned in his place.
38 When Shaul died, Baal-hanan son of Achbor reigned in his place.
39 When Baal-hanan son of Achbor died, Hadar reigned in his place.
His city was Pau, and his wife’s name was Mehetabel
daughter of Matred daughter of Me-zahab.
40. These are the names of Esau's chiefs,
40 These are the names of Esau’s chiefs,
according to their families and their localities,
by their names:
chief Timna, chief Alvah, chief Jetheth,
41. chief Oholibamah, chief Elah, chief Pinon,
42. chief Kenaz, chief Teman, chief Mibzar,
43. chief Magdiel, and chief Iram.
These are Edom's chiefs,
41 chief Oholibamah, chief Elah, chief Pinon,
42 chief Kenaz, chief Teman, chief Mibzar,
43 chief Magdiel, and chief Iram.
These are Edom’s chiefs,
according to their settlements in the land they possessed.
Esau was father of the Edomites.
Esau was father of the Edomites.

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Joseph's Dreams
# Chapter 37
1. Jacob lived in the land where his father had stayed, the land of Canaan.
2. These are the family records of Jacob.
At seventeen years of age, Joseph tended sheep with his brothers. The young man was working with the sons of Bilhah and Zilpah, his father's wives, and he brought a bad report about them to their father.
3. Now Israel loved Joseph more than his other sons because Joseph was a son born to him in his old age, and he made a long-sleeved robe for him.
4. When his brothers saw that their father loved him more than all his brothers, they hated him and could not bring themselves to speak peaceably to him.
5. Then Joseph had a dream. When he told it to his brothers, they hated him even more.
6. He said to them, "Listen to this dream I had:
7. There we were, binding sheaves of grain in the field. Suddenly my sheaf stood up, and your sheaves gathered around it and bowed down to my sheaf."
8. "Are you really going to reign over us?" his brothers asked him. "Are you really going to rule us?" So they hated him even more because of his dream and what he had said.
9. Then he had another dream and told it to his brothers. "Look," he said, "I had another dream, and this time the sun, moon, and eleven stars were bowing down to me."
10. He told his father and brothers, and his father rebuked him. "What kind of dream is this that you have had?" he said. "Am I and your mother and your brothers really going to come and bow down to the ground before you?"
11. His brothers were jealous of him, but his father kept the matter in mind.
Joseph Sold into Slavery
12. His brothers had gone to pasture their father's flocks at Shechem.
13. Israel said to Joseph, "Your brothers, you know, are pasturing the flocks at Shechem. Get ready. I'm sending you to them."
"I'm ready," Joseph replied.
14. Then Israel said to him, "Go and see how your brothers and the flocks are doing, and bring word back to me." So he sent him from the Hebron Valley, and he went to Shechem.
15. A man found him there, wandering in the field, and asked him, "What are you looking for?"
16. "I'm looking for my brothers," Joseph said. "Can you tell me where they are pasturing their flocks?"
17. "They've moved on from here," the man said. "I heard them say, 'Let's go to Dothan.'" So Joseph set out after his brothers and found them at Dothan.
18. They saw him in the distance, and before he had reached them, they plotted to kill him.
19. They said to one another, "Oh, look, here comes that dream expert!
20. So now, come on, let's kill him and throw him into one of the pits. We can say that a vicious animal ate him. Then we'll see what becomes of his dreams!"
21. When Reuben heard this, he tried to save him from them. He said, "Let's not take his life."
22. Reuben also said to them, "Don't shed blood. Throw him into this pit in the wilderness, but don't lay a hand on him"--intending to rescue him from them and return him to his father.
23. When Joseph came to his brothers, they stripped off Joseph's robe, the long-sleeved robe that he had on.
24. Then they took him and threw him into the pit. The pit was empty, without water.
25. They sat down to eat a meal, and when they looked up, there was a caravan of Ishmaelites coming from Gilead. Their camels were carrying aromatic gum, balsam, and resin, going down to Egypt.
26. Judah said to his brothers, "What do we gain if we kill our brother and cover up his blood?
27. Come on, let's sell him to the Ishmaelites and not lay a hand on him, for he is our brother, our own flesh," and his brothers agreed.
28. When Midianite traders passed by, his brothers pulled Joseph out of the pit and sold him for twenty pieces of silver to the Ishmaelites, who took Joseph to Egypt.
29. When Reuben returned to the pit and saw that Joseph was not there, he tore his clothes.
30. He went back to his brothers and said, "The boy is gone! What am I going to do?"
31. So they took Joseph's robe, slaughtered a male goat, and dipped the robe in its blood.
32. They sent the long-sleeved robe to their father and said, "We found this. Examine it. Is it your son's robe or not?"
33. His father recognized it. "It is my son's robe," he said. "A vicious animal has devoured him. Joseph has been torn to pieces!"
34. Then Jacob tore his clothes, put sackcloth around his waist, and mourned for his son many days.
35. All his sons and daughters tried to comfort him, but he refused to be comforted. "No," he said. "I will go down to Sheol to my son, mourning." And his father wept for him.
36. Meanwhile, the Midianites sold Joseph in Egypt to Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh and the captain of the guards.
1 Jacob lived in the land where his father had stayed, the land of Canaan.
2 These are the family records of Jacob.
At seventeen years of age, Joseph tended sheep with his brothers. The young man was working with the sons of Bilhah and Zilpah, his father’s wives, and he brought a bad report about them to their father.
3 Now Israel loved Joseph more than his other sons because Joseph was a son born to him in his old age, and he made a long-sleeved robe for him.
4 When his brothers saw that their father loved him more than all his brothers, they hated him and could not bring themselves to speak peaceably to him.
5 Then Joseph had a dream. When he told it to his brothers, they hated him even more.
6 He said to them, “Listen to this dream I had:
7 There we were, binding sheaves of grain in the field. Suddenly my sheaf stood up, and your sheaves gathered around it and bowed down to my sheaf.”
8 “Are you really going to reign over us?” his brothers asked him. “Are you really going to rule us?” So they hated him even more because of his dream and what he had said.
9 Then he had another dream and told it to his brothers. “Look,” he said, “I had another dream, and this time the sun, moon, and eleven stars were bowing down to me.”
10 He told his father and brothers, and his father rebuked him. “What kind of dream is this that you have had?” he said. “Am I and your mother and your brothers really going to come and bow down to the ground before you?”
11 His brothers were jealous of him, but his father kept the matter in mind.
12 His brothers had gone to pasture their father’s flocks at Shechem.
13 Israel said to Joseph, “Your brothers, you know, are pasturing the flocks at Shechem. Get ready. I’m sending you to them.”
“I’m ready,” Joseph replied.
14 Then Israel said to him, “Go and see how your brothers and the flocks are doing, and bring word back to me.” So he sent him from the Hebron Valley, and he went to Shechem.
15 A man found him there, wandering in the field, and asked him, “What are you looking for?”
16 “I’m looking for my brothers,” Joseph said. “Can you tell me where they are pasturing their flocks?”
17 “They’ve moved on from here,” the man said. “I heard them say, ‘Let’s go to Dothan.’” So Joseph set out after his brothers and found them at Dothan.
18 They saw him in the distance, and before he had reached them, they plotted to kill him.
19 They said to one another, “Oh, look, here comes that dream expert!
20 So now, come on, let’s kill him and throw him into one of the pits. We can say that a vicious animal ate him. Then we’ll see what becomes of his dreams!”
21 When Reuben heard this, he tried to save him from them. He said, “Let’s not take his life.”
22 Reuben also said to them, “Don’t shed blood. Throw him into this pit in the wilderness, but don’t lay a hand on him”—intending to rescue him from them and return him to his father.
23 When Joseph came to his brothers, they stripped off Joseph’s robe, the long-sleeved robe that he had on.
24 Then they took him and threw him into the pit. The pit was empty, without water.
25 They sat down to eat a meal, and when they looked up, there was a caravan of Ishmaelites coming from Gilead. Their camels were carrying aromatic gum, balsam, and resin, going down to Egypt.
26 Judah said to his brothers, “What do we gain if we kill our brother and cover up his blood?
27 Come on, let’s sell him to the Ishmaelites and not lay a hand on him, for he is our brother, our own flesh,” and his brothers agreed.
28 When Midianite traders passed by, his brothers pulled Joseph out of the pit and sold him for twenty pieces of silver to the Ishmaelites, who took Joseph to Egypt.
29 When Reuben returned to the pit and saw that Joseph was not there, he tore his clothes.
30 He went back to his brothers and said, “The boy is gone! What am I going to do?”
31 So they took Joseph’s robe, slaughtered a male goat, and dipped the robe in its blood.
32 They sent the long-sleeved robe to their father and said, “We found this. Examine it. Is it your son’s robe or not?”
33 His father recognized it. “It is my son’s robe,” he said. “A vicious animal has devoured him. Joseph has been torn to pieces!”
34 Then Jacob tore his clothes, put sackcloth around his waist, and mourned for his son many days.
35 All his sons and daughters tried to comfort him, but he refused to be comforted. “No,” he said. “I will go down to Sheol to my son, mourning.” And his father wept for him.
36 Meanwhile, the Midianites sold Joseph in Egypt to Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh and the captain of the guards.

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Judah and Tamar
# Chapter 38
1. At that time Judah left his brothers and settled near an Adullamite named Hirah.
2. There Judah saw the daughter of a Canaanite named Shua; he took her as a wife and slept with her.
3. She conceived and gave birth to a son, and he named him Er.
4. She conceived again, gave birth to a son, and named him Onan.
5. She gave birth to another son and named him Shelah. It was at Chezib that she gave birth to him.
6. Judah got a wife for Er, his firstborn, and her name was Tamar.
7. Now Er, Judah's firstborn, was evil in the Lord's sight, and the Lord put him to death.
8. Then Judah said to Onan, "Sleep with your brother's wife. Perform your duty as her brother-in-law and produce offspring for your brother."
9. But Onan knew that the offspring would not be his, so whenever he slept with his brother's wife, he released his semen on the ground so that he would not produce offspring for his brother.
10. What he did was evil in the Lord's sight, so he put him to death also.
11. Then Judah said to his daughter-in-law Tamar, "Remain a widow in your father's house until my son Shelah grows up." For he thought, "He might die too, like his brothers." So Tamar went to live in her father's house.
12. After a long time Judah's wife, the daughter of Shua, died. When Judah had finished mourning, he and his friend Hirah the Adullamite went up to Timnah to his sheepshearers.
13. Tamar was told, "Your father-in-law is going up to Timnah to shear his sheep."
14. So she took off her widow's clothes, veiled her face, covered herself, and sat at the entrance to Enaim, which is on the way to Timnah. For she saw that, though Shelah had grown up, she had not been given to him as a wife.
15. When Judah saw her, he thought she was a prostitute, for she had covered her face.
16. He went over to her and said, "Come, let me sleep with you," for he did not know that she was his daughter-in-law.
She said, "What will you give me for sleeping with me?"
17. "I will send you a young goat from my flock," he replied.
But she said, "Only if you leave something with me until you send it."
18. "What should I give you?" he asked.
She answered, "Your signet ring, your cord, and the staff in your hand." So he gave them to her and slept with her, and she became pregnant by him.
19. She got up and left, then removed her veil and put her widow's clothes back on.
20. When Judah sent the young goat by his friend the Adullamite in order to get back the items he had left with the woman, he could not find her.
21. He asked the men of the place, "Where is the cult prostitute who was beside the road at Enaim?"
"There has been no cult prostitute here," they answered.
22. So the Adullamite returned to Judah, saying, "I couldn't find her, and besides, the men of the place said, 'There has been no cult prostitute here.'"
23. Judah replied, "Let her keep the items for herself; otherwise we will become a laughingstock. After all, I did send this young goat, but you couldn't find her."
24.
About three months later Judah was told, "Your daughter-in-law, Tamar, has been acting like a prostitute, and now she is pregnant."
"Bring her out," Judah said, "and let her be burned to death!"
25. As she was being brought out, she sent her father-in-law this message: "I am pregnant by the man to whom these items belong." And she added, "Examine them. Whose signet ring, cord, and staff are these?"
26. Judah recognized them and said, "She is more in the right than I, since I did not give her to my son Shelah." And he did not know her intimately again.
27. When the time came for her to give birth, there were twins in her womb.
28. As she was giving birth, one of them put out his hand, and the midwife took it and tied a scarlet thread around it, announcing, "This one came out first."
29. But then he pulled his hand back, out came his brother, and she said, "What a breakout you have made for yourself!" So he was named Perez.
30. Then his brother, who had the scarlet thread tied to his hand, came out, and was named Zerah.
1 At that time Judah left his brothers and settled near an Adullamite named Hirah.
2 There Judah saw the daughter of a Canaanite named Shua; he took her as a wife and slept with her.
3 She conceived and gave birth to a son, and he named him Er.
4 She conceived again, gave birth to a son, and named him Onan.
5 She gave birth to another son and named him Shelah. It was at Chezib that she gave birth to him.
6 Judah got a wife for Er, his firstborn, and her name was Tamar.
7 Now Er, Judah’s firstborn, was evil in the Lord’s sight, and the Lord put him to death.
8 Then Judah said to Onan, “Sleep with your brother’s wife. Perform your duty as her brother-in-law and produce offspring for your brother.”
9 But Onan knew that the offspring would not be his, so whenever he slept with his brother’s wife, he released his semen on the ground so that he would not produce offspring for his brother.
10 What he did was evil in the Lord’s sight, so he put him to death also.
11 Then Judah said to his daughter-in-law Tamar, “Remain a widow in your father’s house until my son Shelah grows up.” For he thought, “He might die too, like his brothers.” So Tamar went to live in her father’s house.
12 After a long time Judah’s wife, the daughter of Shua, died. When Judah had finished mourning, he and his friend Hirah the Adullamite went up to Timnah to his sheepshearers.
13 Tamar was told, “Your father-in-law is going up to Timnah to shear his sheep.”
14 So she took off her widow’s clothes, veiled her face, covered herself, and sat at the entrance to Enaim, which is on the way to Timnah. For she saw that, though Shelah had grown up, she had not been given to him as a wife.
15 When Judah saw her, he thought she was a prostitute, for she had covered her face.
16 He went over to her and said, “Come, let me sleep with you,” for he did not know that she was his daughter-in-law.
She said, “What will you give me for sleeping with me?”
17 “I will send you a young goat from my flock,” he replied.
But she said, “Only if you leave something with me until you send it.”
18 “What should I give you?” he asked.
She answered, “Your signet ring, your cord, and the staff in your hand.” So he gave them to her and slept with her, and she became pregnant by him.
19 She got up and left, then removed her veil and put her widow’s clothes back on.
20 When Judah sent the young goat by his friend the Adullamite in order to get back the items he had left with the woman, he could not find her.
21 He asked the men of the place, “Where is the cult prostitute who was beside the road at Enaim?”
“There has been no cult prostitute here,” they answered.
22 So the Adullamite returned to Judah, saying, “I couldn’t find her, and besides, the men of the place said, ‘There has been no cult prostitute here.’”
23 Judah replied, “Let her keep the items for herself; otherwise we will become a laughingstock. After all, I did send this young goat, but you couldn’t find her.”
24 About three months later Judah was told, “Your daughter-in-law, Tamar, has been acting like a prostitute, and now she is pregnant.”
“Bring her out,” Judah said, “and let her be burned to death!”
25 As she was being brought out, she sent her father-in-law this message: “I am pregnant by the man to whom these items belong.” And she added, “Examine them. Whose signet ring, cord, and staff are these?”
26 Judah recognized them and said, “She is more in the right than I, since I did not give her to my son Shelah.” And he did not know her intimately again.
27 When the time came for her to give birth, there were twins in her womb.
28 As she was giving birth, one of them put out his hand, and the midwife took it and tied a scarlet thread around it, announcing, “This one came out first.”
29 But then he pulled his hand back, out came his brother, and she said, “What a breakout you have made for yourself!” So he was named Perez.
30 Then his brother, who had the scarlet thread tied to his hand, came out, and was named Zerah.

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Joseph in Potiphar's House
# Chapter 39
1. Now Joseph had been taken to Egypt. An Egyptian named Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh and the captain of the guards, bought him from the Ishmaelites who had brought him there.
2. The Lord was with Joseph, and he became a successful man, serving in the household of his Egyptian master.
3. When his master saw that the Lord was with him and that the Lord made everything he did successful,
4. Joseph found favor with his master and became his personal attendant. Potiphar also put him in charge of his household and placed all that he owned under his authority.
5. From the time that he put him in charge of his household and of all that he owned, the Lord blessed the Egyptian's house because of Joseph. The Lord's blessing was on all that he owned, in his house and in his fields.
6. He left all that he owned under Joseph's authority; he did not concern himself with anything except the food he ate.
1 Now Joseph had been taken to Egypt. An Egyptian named Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh and the captain of the guards, bought him from the Ishmaelites who had brought him there.
2 The Lord was with Joseph, and he became a successful man, serving in the household of his Egyptian master.
3 When his master saw that the Lord was with him and that the Lord made everything he did successful,
4 Joseph found favor with his master and became his personal attendant. Potiphar also put him in charge of his household and placed all that he owned under his authority.
5 From the time that he put him in charge of his household and of all that he owned, the Lord blessed the Egyptian’s house because of Joseph. The Lord’s blessing was on all that he owned, in his house and in his fields.
6 He left all that he owned under Joseph’s authority; he did not concern himself with anything except the food he ate.
Now Joseph was well-built and handsome.
7. After some time his master's wife looked longingly at Joseph and said, "Sleep with me."
8. But he refused. "Look," he said to his master's wife, "with me here my master does not concern himself with anything in his house, and he has put all that he owns under my authority.
9. No one in this house is greater than I am. He has withheld nothing from me except you, because you are his wife. So how could I do this immense evil, and how could I sin against God?"
10. Although she spoke to Joseph day after day, he refused to go to bed with her.
11. Now one day he went into the house to do his work, and none of the household servants were there.
12. She grabbed him by his garment and said, "Sleep with me!" But leaving his garment in her hand, he escaped and ran outside.
13. When she saw that he had left his garment with her and had run outside,
14. she called her household servants. "Look," she said to them, "my husband brought a Hebrew man to make fools of us. He came to me so he could sleep with me, and I screamed as loud as I could.
15. When he heard me screaming for help, he left his garment beside me and ran outside."
16. She put Joseph's garment beside her until his master came home.
17. Then she told him the same story: "The Hebrew slave you brought to us came to make a fool of me,
18. but when I screamed for help, he left his garment beside me and ran outside."
19. When his master heard the story his wife told him--"These are the things your slave did to me"--he was furious
20. and had him thrown into prison, where the king's prisoners were confined. So Joseph was there in prison.
Joseph in Prison
21. But the Lord was with Joseph and extended kindness to him. He granted him favor with the prison warden.
22. The warden put all the prisoners who were in the prison under Joseph's authority, and he was responsible for everything that was done there.
23. The warden did not bother with anything under Joseph's authority, because the Lord was with him, and the Lord made everything that he did successful.
7 After some time his master’s wife looked longingly at Joseph and said, “Sleep with me.”
8 But he refused. “Look,” he said to his master’s wife, “with me here my master does not concern himself with anything in his house, and he has put all that he owns under my authority.
9 No one in this house is greater than I am. He has withheld nothing from me except you, because you are his wife. So how could I do this immense evil, and how could I sin against God?”
10 Although she spoke to Joseph day after day, he refused to go to bed with her.
11 Now one day he went into the house to do his work, and none of the household servants were there.
12 She grabbed him by his garment and said, “Sleep with me!” But leaving his garment in her hand, he escaped and ran outside.
13 When she saw that he had left his garment with her and had run outside,
14 she called her household servants. “Look,” she said to them, “my husband brought a Hebrew man to make fools of us. He came to me so he could sleep with me, and I screamed as loud as I could.
15 When he heard me screaming for help, he left his garment beside me and ran outside.”
16 She put Joseph’s garment beside her until his master came home.
17 Then she told him the same story: “The Hebrew slave you brought to us came to make a fool of me,
18 but when I screamed for help, he left his garment beside me and ran outside.”
19 When his master heard the story his wife told him—“These are the things your slave did to me”—he was furious
20 and had him thrown into prison, where the king’s prisoners were confined. So Joseph was there in prison.
21 But the Lord was with Joseph and extended kindness to him. He granted him favor with the prison warden.
22 The warden put all the prisoners who were in the prison under Joseph’s authority, and he was responsible for everything that was done there.
23 The warden did not bother with anything under Joseph’s authority, because the Lord was with him, and the Lord made everything that he did successful.

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Joseph Interprets Two Prisoners' Dreams
# Chapter 40
1. After this, the king of Egypt's cupbearer and baker offended their master, the king of Egypt.
2. Pharaoh was angry with his two officers, the chief cupbearer and the chief baker,
3. and put them in custody in the house of the captain of the guards in the prison where Joseph was confined.
4. The captain of the guards assigned Joseph to them as their personal attendant, and they were in custody for some time.
5. The king of Egypt's cupbearer and baker, who were confined in the prison, each had a dream. Both had a dream on the same night, and each dream had its own meaning.
6. When Joseph came to them in the morning, he saw that they looked distraught.
7. So he asked Pharaoh's officers who were in custody with him in his master's house, "Why do you look so sad today?"
8. "We had dreams," they said to him, "but there is no one to interpret them."
Then Joseph said to them, "Don't interpretations belong to God? Tell me your dreams."
9. So the chief cupbearer told his dream to Joseph: "In my dream there was a vine in front of me.
10. On the vine were three branches. As soon as it budded, its blossoms came out and its clusters ripened into grapes.
11. Pharaoh's cup was in my hand, and I took the grapes, squeezed them into Pharaoh's cup, and placed the cup in Pharaoh's hand."
12. "This is its interpretation," Joseph said to him. "The three branches are three days.
13. In just three days Pharaoh will lift up your head and restore you to your position. You will put Pharaoh's cup in his hand the way you used to when you were his cupbearer.
14. But when all goes well for you, remember that I was with you. Please show kindness to me by mentioning me to Pharaoh, and get me out of this prison.
15. For I was kidnapped from the land of the Hebrews, and even here I have done nothing that they should put me in the dungeon."
16. When the chief baker saw that the interpretation was positive, he said to Joseph, "I also had a dream. Three baskets of white bread were on my head.
17. In the top basket were all sorts of baked goods for Pharaoh, but the birds were eating them out of the basket on my head."
18. "This is its interpretation," Joseph replied. "The three baskets are three days.
19. In just three days Pharaoh will lift up your head--from off you--and hang you on a tree. Then the birds will eat the flesh from your body."
20. On the third day, which was Pharaoh's birthday, he gave a feast for all his servants. He elevated the chief cupbearer and the chief baker among his servants.
21. Pharaoh restored the chief cupbearer to his position as cupbearer, and he placed the cup in Pharaoh's hand.
22. But Pharaoh hanged the chief baker, just as Joseph had explained to them.
23. Yet the chief cupbearer did not remember Joseph; he forgot him.
1 After this, the king of Egypt’s cupbearer and baker offended their master, the king of Egypt.
2 Pharaoh was angry with his two officers, the chief cupbearer and the chief baker,
3 and put them in custody in the house of the captain of the guards in the prison where Joseph was confined.
4 The captain of the guards assigned Joseph to them as their personal attendant, and they were in custody for some time.
5 The king of Egypt’s cupbearer and baker, who were confined in the prison, each had a dream. Both had a dream on the same night, and each dream had its own meaning.
6 When Joseph came to them in the morning, he saw that they looked distraught.
7 So he asked Pharaoh’s officers who were in custody with him in his master’s house, “Why do you look so sad today?”
8 “We had dreams,” they said to him, “but there is no one to interpret them.”
Then Joseph said to them, “Don’t interpretations belong to God? Tell me your dreams.”
9 So the chief cupbearer told his dream to Joseph: “In my dream there was a vine in front of me.
10 On the vine were three branches. As soon as it budded, its blossoms came out and its clusters ripened into grapes.
11 Pharaoh’s cup was in my hand, and I took the grapes, squeezed them into Pharaoh’s cup, and placed the cup in Pharaoh’s hand.”
12 “This is its interpretation,” Joseph said to him. “The three branches are three days.
13 In just three days Pharaoh will lift up your head and restore you to your position. You will put Pharaoh’s cup in his hand the way you used to when you were his cupbearer.
14 But when all goes well for you, remember that I was with you. Please show kindness to me by mentioning me to Pharaoh, and get me out of this prison.
15 For I was kidnapped from the land of the Hebrews, and even here I have done nothing that they should put me in the dungeon.”
16 When the chief baker saw that the interpretation was positive, he said to Joseph, “I also had a dream. Three baskets of white bread were on my head.
17 In the top basket were all sorts of baked goods for Pharaoh, but the birds were eating them out of the basket on my head.”
18 “This is its interpretation,” Joseph replied. “The three baskets are three days.
19 In just three days Pharaoh will lift up your head—from off you—and hang you on a tree. Then the birds will eat the flesh from your body.”
20 On the third day, which was Pharaoh’s birthday, he gave a feast for all his servants. He elevated the chief cupbearer and the chief baker among his servants.
21 Pharaoh restored the chief cupbearer to his position as cupbearer, and he placed the cup in Pharaoh’s hand.
22 But Pharaoh hanged the chief baker, just as Joseph had explained to them.
23 Yet the chief cupbearer did not remember Joseph; he forgot him.

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Joseph Interprets
Pharaoh's Dreams
# Chapter 41
1. At the end of two years Pharaoh had a dream: He was standing beside the Nile,
2. when seven healthy-looking, well-fed cows came up from the Nile and began to graze among the reeds.
3. After them, seven other cows, sickly and thin, came up from the Nile and stood beside those cows along the bank of the Nile.
4. The sickly, thin cows ate the healthy, well-fed cows. Then Pharaoh woke up.
5. He fell asleep and dreamed a second time: Seven heads of grain, plump and good, came up on one stalk.
6. After them, seven heads of grain, thin and scorched by the east wind, sprouted up.
7. The thin heads of grain swallowed up the seven plump, full ones. Then Pharaoh woke up, and it was only a dream.
8. When morning came, he was troubled, so he summoned all the magicians of Egypt and all its wise men. Pharaoh told them his dreams, but no one could interpret them for him.
9. Then the chief cupbearer said to Pharaoh, "Today I remember my faults.
10. Pharaoh was angry with his servants, and he put me and the chief baker in the custody of the captain of the guards.
11. He and I had dreams on the same night; each dream had its own meaning.
12. Now a young Hebrew, a slave of the captain of the guards, was with us there. We told him our dreams, he interpreted our dreams for us, and each had its own interpretation.
13. It turned out just the way he interpreted them to us: I was restored to my position, and the other man was hanged."
14. Then Pharaoh sent for Joseph, and they quickly brought him from the dungeon. He shaved, changed his clothes, and went to Pharaoh.
15. Pharaoh said to Joseph, "I have had a dream, and no one can interpret it. But I have heard it said about you that you can hear a dream and interpret it."
16. "I am not able to," Joseph answered Pharaoh. "It is God who will give Pharaoh a favorable answer."
17. So Pharaoh said to Joseph, "In my dream I was standing on the bank of the Nile,
18. when seven well-fed, healthy-looking cows came up from the Nile and grazed among the reeds.
19. After them, seven other cows--weak, very sickly, and thin--came up. I've never seen such sickly ones as these in all the land of Egypt.
20. Then the thin, sickly cows ate the first seven well-fed cows.
21. When they had devoured them, you could not tell that they had devoured them; their appearance was as bad as it had been before. Then I woke up.
22. In my dream I also saw seven heads of grain, full and good, coming up on one stalk.
23. After them, seven heads of grain--withered, thin, and scorched by the east wind--sprouted up.
24. The thin heads of grain swallowed the seven good ones. I told this to the magicians, but no one can tell me what it means."
25. Then Joseph said to Pharaoh, "Pharaoh's dreams mean the same thing. God has revealed to Pharaoh what he is about to do.
26. The seven good cows are seven years, and the seven good heads are seven years. The dreams mean the same thing.
27. The seven thin, sickly cows that came up after them are seven years, and the seven worthless heads of grain scorched by the east wind are seven years of famine.
28. "It is just as I told Pharaoh: God has shown Pharaoh what he is about to do.
29. Seven years of great abundance are coming throughout the land of Egypt.
30. After them, seven years of famine will take place, and all the abundance in the land of Egypt will be forgotten. The famine will devastate the land.
31. The abundance in the land will not be remembered because of the famine that follows it, for the famine will be very severe.
32. Since the dream was given twice to Pharaoh, it means that the matter has been determined by God, and he will carry it out soon.
33. "So now, let Pharaoh look for a discerning and wise man and set him over the land of Egypt.
34. Let Pharaoh do this: Let him appoint overseers over the land and take a fifth of the harvest of the land of Egypt during the seven years of abundance.
35. Let them gather all the excess food during these good years that are coming. Under Pharaoh's authority, store the grain in the cities, so they may preserve it as food.
36. The food will be a reserve for the land during the seven years of famine that will take place in the land of Egypt. Then the country will not be wiped out by the famine."
Joseph Exalted
37. The proposal pleased Pharaoh and all his servants,
38. and he said to them, "Can we find anyone like this, a man who has God's spirit in him?"
39. So Pharaoh said to Joseph, "Since God has made all this known to you, there is no one as discerning and wise as you are.
40. You will be over my house, and all my people will obey your commands. Only I, as king, will be greater than you."
41. Pharaoh also said to Joseph, "See, I am placing you over all the land of Egypt."
42. Pharaoh removed his signet ring from his hand and put it on Joseph's hand, clothed him with fine linen garments, and placed a gold chain around his neck.
43. He had Joseph ride in his second chariot, and servants called out before him, "Make way!" So he placed him over all the land of Egypt.
44. Pharaoh said to Joseph, "I am Pharaoh and no one will be able to raise his hand or foot in all the land of Egypt without your permission."
45. Pharaoh gave Joseph the name Zaphenath-paneah and gave him a wife, Asenath daughter of Potiphera, priest at On. And Joseph went throughout the land of Egypt.
Joseph's Administration
46. Joseph was thirty years old when he entered the service of Pharaoh king of Egypt. Joseph left Pharaoh's presence and traveled throughout the land of Egypt.
47. During the seven years of abundance the land produced outstanding harvests.
48. Joseph gathered all the excess food in the land of Egypt during the seven years and put it in the cities. He put the food in every city from the fields around it.
49. So Joseph stored up grain in such abundance--like the sand of the sea--that he stopped measuring it because it was beyond measure.
50. Two sons were born to Joseph before the years of famine arrived. Asenath daughter of Potiphera, priest at On, bore them to him.
51. Joseph named the firstborn Manasseh and said, "God has made me forget all my hardship and my whole family."
52. And the second son he named Ephraim and said, "God has made me fruitful in the land of my affliction."
53. Then the seven years of abundance in the land of Egypt came to an end,
54. and the seven years of famine began, just as Joseph had said. There was famine in every land, but in the whole land of Egypt there was food.
55. When the whole land of Egypt was stricken with famine, the people cried out to Pharaoh for food. Pharaoh told all Egypt, "Go to Joseph and do whatever he tells you."
56. Now the famine had spread across the whole region, so Joseph opened all the storehouses and sold grain to the Egyptians, for the famine was severe in the land of Egypt.
57. Every land came to Joseph in Egypt to buy grain, for the famine was severe in every land.
1 At the end of two years Pharaoh had a dream: He was standing beside the Nile,
2 when seven healthy-looking, well-fed cows came up from the Nile and began to graze among the reeds.
3 After them, seven other cows, sickly and thin, came up from the Nile and stood beside those cows along the bank of the Nile.
4 The sickly, thin cows ate the healthy, well-fed cows. Then Pharaoh woke up.
5 He fell asleep and dreamed a second time: Seven heads of grain, plump and good, came up on one stalk.
6 After them, seven heads of grain, thin and scorched by the east wind, sprouted up.
7 The thin heads of grain swallowed up the seven plump, full ones. Then Pharaoh woke up, and it was only a dream.
8 When morning came, he was troubled, so he summoned all the magicians of Egypt and all its wise men. Pharaoh told them his dreams, but no one could interpret them for him.
9 Then the chief cupbearer said to Pharaoh, “Today I remember my faults.
10 Pharaoh was angry with his servants, and he put me and the chief baker in the custody of the captain of the guards.
11 He and I had dreams on the same night; each dream had its own meaning.
12 Now a young Hebrew, a slave of the captain of the guards, was with us there. We told him our dreams, he interpreted our dreams for us, and each had its own interpretation.
13 It turned out just the way he interpreted them to us: I was restored to my position, and the other man was hanged.”
14 Then Pharaoh sent for Joseph, and they quickly brought him from the dungeon. He shaved, changed his clothes, and went to Pharaoh.
15 Pharaoh said to Joseph, “I have had a dream, and no one can interpret it. But I have heard it said about you that you can hear a dream and interpret it.”
16 “I am not able to,” Joseph answered Pharaoh. “It is God who will give Pharaoh a favorable answer.”
17 So Pharaoh said to Joseph, “In my dream I was standing on the bank of the Nile,
18 when seven well-fed, healthy-looking cows came up from the Nile and grazed among the reeds.
19 After them, seven other cows—weak, very sickly, and thin—came up. I’ve never seen such sickly ones as these in all the land of Egypt.
20 Then the thin, sickly cows ate the first seven well-fed cows.
21 When they had devoured them, you could not tell that they had devoured them; their appearance was as bad as it had been before. Then I woke up.
22 In my dream I also saw seven heads of grain, full and good, coming up on one stalk.
23 After them, seven heads of grain—withered, thin, and scorched by the east wind—sprouted up.
24 The thin heads of grain swallowed the seven good ones. I told this to the magicians, but no one can tell me what it means.”
25 Then Joseph said to Pharaoh, “Pharaoh’s dreams mean the same thing. God has revealed to Pharaoh what he is about to do.
26 The seven good cows are seven years, and the seven good heads are seven years. The dreams mean the same thing.
27 The seven thin, sickly cows that came up after them are seven years, and the seven worthless heads of grain scorched by the east wind are seven years of famine.
28 “It is just as I told Pharaoh: God has shown Pharaoh what he is about to do.
29 Seven years of great abundance are coming throughout the land of Egypt.
30 After them, seven years of famine will take place, and all the abundance in the land of Egypt will be forgotten. The famine will devastate the land.
31 The abundance in the land will not be remembered because of the famine that follows it, for the famine will be very severe.
32 Since the dream was given twice to Pharaoh, it means that the matter has been determined by God, and he will carry it out soon.
33 “So now, let Pharaoh look for a discerning and wise man and set him over the land of Egypt.
34 Let Pharaoh do this: Let him appoint overseers over the land and take a fifth of the harvest of the land of Egypt during the seven years of abundance.
35 Let them gather all the excess food during these good years that are coming. Under Pharaoh’s authority, store the grain in the cities, so they may preserve it as food.
36 The food will be a reserve for the land during the seven years of famine that will take place in the land of Egypt. Then the country will not be wiped out by the famine.”
37 The proposal pleased Pharaoh and all his servants,
38 and he said to them, “Can we find anyone like this, a man who has God’s spirit in him?”
39 So Pharaoh said to Joseph, “Since God has made all this known to you, there is no one as discerning and wise as you are.
40 You will be over my house, and all my people will obey your commands. Only I, as king, will be greater than you.”
41 Pharaoh also said to Joseph, “See, I am placing you over all the land of Egypt.”
42 Pharaoh removed his signet ring from his hand and put it on Joseph’s hand, clothed him with fine linen garments, and placed a gold chain around his neck.
43 He had Joseph ride in his second chariot, and servants called out before him, “Make way!” So he placed him over all the land of Egypt.
44 Pharaoh said to Joseph, “I am Pharaoh and no one will be able to raise his hand or foot in all the land of Egypt without your permission.”
45 Pharaoh gave Joseph the name Zaphenath-paneah and gave him a wife, Asenath daughter of Potiphera, priest at On. And Joseph went throughout the land of Egypt.
46 Joseph was thirty years old when he entered the service of Pharaoh king of Egypt. Joseph left Pharaoh’s presence and traveled throughout the land of Egypt.
47 During the seven years of abundance the land produced outstanding harvests.
48 Joseph gathered all the excess food in the land of Egypt during the seven years and put it in the cities. He put the food in every city from the fields around it.
49 So Joseph stored up grain in such abundance—like the sand of the sea—that he stopped measuring it because it was beyond measure.
50 Two sons were born to Joseph before the years of famine arrived. Asenath daughter of Potiphera, priest at On, bore them to him.
51 Joseph named the firstborn Manasseh and said, “God has made me forget all my hardship and my whole family.”
52 And the second son he named Ephraim and said, “God has made me fruitful in the land of my affliction.”
53 Then the seven years of abundance in the land of Egypt came to an end,
54 and the seven years of famine began, just as Joseph had said. There was famine in every land, but in the whole land of Egypt there was food.
55 When the whole land of Egypt was stricken with famine, the people cried out to Pharaoh for food. Pharaoh told all Egypt, “Go to Joseph and do whatever he tells you.”
56 Now the famine had spread across the whole region, so Joseph opened all the storehouses and sold grain to the Egyptians, for the famine was severe in the land of Egypt.
57 Every land came to Joseph in Egypt to buy grain, for the famine was severe in every land.

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Joseph's Brothers in Egypt
# Chapter 42
1. When Jacob learned that there was grain in Egypt, he said to his sons, "Why do you keep looking at each other?
2. Listen," he went on, "I have heard there is grain in Egypt. Go down there and buy some for us so that we will live and not die."
3. So ten of Joseph's brothers went down to buy grain from Egypt.
4. But Jacob did not send Joseph's brother Benjamin with his brothers, for he thought, "Something might happen to him."
5. The sons of Israel were among those who came to buy grain, for the famine was in the land of Canaan.
6. Joseph was in charge of the country; he sold grain to all its people. His brothers came and bowed down before him with their faces to the ground.
7. When Joseph saw his brothers, he recognized them, but he treated them like strangers and spoke harshly to them.
"Where do you come from?" he asked.
"From the land of Canaan to buy food," they replied.
8. Although Joseph recognized his brothers, they did not recognize him.
9. Joseph remembered his dreams about them and said to them, "You are spies. You have come to see the weakness of the land."
10. "No, my lord. Your servants have come to buy food," they said.
11. "We are all sons of one man. We are honest; your servants are not spies."
12. "No," he said to them. "You have come to see the weakness of the land."
13. But they replied, "We, your servants, were twelve brothers, the sons of one man in the land of Canaan. The youngest is now with our father, and one is no longer living."
14. Then Joseph said to them, "I have spoken: 'You are spies!'
15. This is how you will be tested: As surely as Pharaoh lives, you will not leave this place unless your youngest brother comes here.
16. Send one from among you to get your brother. The rest of you will be imprisoned so that your words can be tested to see if they are true. If they are not, then as surely as Pharaoh lives, you are spies!"
17. So Joseph imprisoned them together for three days.
18. On the third day Joseph said to them, "I fear God--do this and you will live.
19. If you are honest, let one of you be confined to the guardhouse, while the rest of you go and take grain to relieve the hunger of your households.
20. Bring your youngest brother to me so that your words can be confirmed; then you won't die." And they consented to this.
21. Then they said to each other, "Obviously, we are being punished for what we did to our brother. We saw his deep distress when he pleaded with us, but we would not listen. That is why this trouble has come to us."
22. But Reuben replied, "Didn't I tell you not to harm the boy? But you wouldn't listen. Now we must account for his blood!"
23. They did not realize that Joseph understood them, since there was an interpreter between them.
24. He turned away from them and wept. When he turned back and spoke to them, he took Simeon from them and had him bound before their eyes.
25. Joseph then gave orders to fill their containers with grain, return each man's silver to his sack, and give them provisions for their journey. This order was carried out.
26. They loaded the grain on their donkeys and left there.
The Brothers Return Home
27. At the place where they lodged for the night, one of them opened his sack to get feed for his donkey, and he saw his silver there at the top of his bag.
28. He said to his brothers, "My silver has been returned! It's here in my bag." Their hearts sank. Trembling, they turned to one another and said, "What has God done to us?"
29. When they reached their father Jacob in the land of Canaan, they told him all that had happened to them:
30. "The man who is the lord of the country spoke harshly to us and accused us of spying on the country.
31. But we told him, 'We are honest and not spies.
32. We were twelve brothers, sons of the same father. One is no longer living, and the youngest is now with our father in the land of Canaan.'
33. The man who is the lord of the country said to us, 'This is how I will know if you are honest: Leave one brother with me, take food to relieve the hunger of your households, and go.
34. Bring back your youngest brother to me, and I will know that you are not spies but honest men. I will then give your brother back to you, and you can trade in the country.'"
35. As they began emptying their sacks, there in each man's sack was his bag of silver! When they and their father saw their bags of silver, they were afraid.
36. Their father Jacob said to them, "It's me that you make childless. Joseph is gone, and Simeon is gone. Now you want to take Benjamin. Everything happens to me!"
37. Then Reuben said to his father, "You can kill my two sons if I don't bring him back to you. Put him in my care, and I will return him to you."
38. But Jacob answered, "My son will not go down with you, for his brother is dead and he alone is left. If anything happens to him on your journey, you will bring my gray hairs down to Sheol in sorrow."
1 When Jacob learned that there was grain in Egypt, he said to his sons, “Why do you keep looking at each other?
2 Listen,” he went on, “I have heard there is grain in Egypt. Go down there and buy some for us so that we will live and not die.”
3 So ten of Joseph’s brothers went down to buy grain from Egypt.
4 But Jacob did not send Joseph’s brother Benjamin with his brothers, for he thought, “Something might happen to him.”
5 The sons of Israel were among those who came to buy grain, for the famine was in the land of Canaan.
6 Joseph was in charge of the country; he sold grain to all its people. His brothers came and bowed down before him with their faces to the ground.
7 When Joseph saw his brothers, he recognized them, but he treated them like strangers and spoke harshly to them.
“Where do you come from?” he asked.
“From the land of Canaan to buy food,” they replied.
8 Although Joseph recognized his brothers, they did not recognize him.
9 Joseph remembered his dreams about them and said to them, “You are spies. You have come to see the weakness of the land.”
10 “No, my lord. Your servants have come to buy food,” they said.
11 “We are all sons of one man. We are honest; your servants are not spies.”
12 “No,” he said to them. “You have come to see the weakness of the land.”
13 But they replied, “We, your servants, were twelve brothers, the sons of one man in the land of Canaan. The youngest is now with our father, and one is no longer living.”
14 Then Joseph said to them, “I have spoken: ‘You are spies!’
15 This is how you will be tested: As surely as Pharaoh lives, you will not leave this place unless your youngest brother comes here.
16 Send one from among you to get your brother. The rest of you will be imprisoned so that your words can be tested to see if they are true. If they are not, then as surely as Pharaoh lives, you are spies!”
17 So Joseph imprisoned them together for three days.
18 On the third day Joseph said to them, “I fear God—do this and you will live.
19 If you are honest, let one of you be confined to the guardhouse, while the rest of you go and take grain to relieve the hunger of your households.
20 Bring your youngest brother to me so that your words can be confirmed; then you won’t die.” And they consented to this.
21 Then they said to each other, “Obviously, we are being punished for what we did to our brother. We saw his deep distress when he pleaded with us, but we would not listen. That is why this trouble has come to us.”
22 But Reuben replied, “Didn’t I tell you not to harm the boy? But you wouldn’t listen. Now we must account for his blood!”
23 They did not realize that Joseph understood them, since there was an interpreter between them.
24 He turned away from them and wept. When he turned back and spoke to them, he took Simeon from them and had him bound before their eyes.
25 Joseph then gave orders to fill their containers with grain, return each man’s silver to his sack, and give them provisions for their journey. This order was carried out.
26 They loaded the grain on their donkeys and left there.
27 At the place where they lodged for the night, one of them opened his sack to get feed for his donkey, and he saw his silver there at the top of his bag.
28 He said to his brothers, “My silver has been returned! It’s here in my bag.” Their hearts sank. Trembling, they turned to one another and said, “What has God done to us?”
29 When they reached their father Jacob in the land of Canaan, they told him all that had happened to them:
30 “The man who is the lord of the country spoke harshly to us and accused us of spying on the country.
31 But we told him, ‘We are honest and not spies.
32 We were twelve brothers, sons of the same father. One is no longer living, and the youngest is now with our father in the land of Canaan.’
33 The man who is the lord of the country said to us, ‘This is how I will know if you are honest: Leave one brother with me, take food to relieve the hunger of your households, and go.
34 Bring back your youngest brother to me, and I will know that you are not spies but honest men. I will then give your brother back to you, and you can trade in the country.’”
35 As they began emptying their sacks, there in each man’s sack was his bag of silver! When they and their father saw their bags of silver, they were afraid.
36 Their father Jacob said to them, “It’s me that you make childless. Joseph is gone, and Simeon is gone. Now you want to take Benjamin. Everything happens to me!”
37 Then Reuben said to his father, “You can kill my two sons if I don’t bring him back to you. Put him in my care, and I will return him to you.”
38 But Jacob answered, “My son will not go down with you, for his brother is dead and he alone is left. If anything happens to him on your journey, you will bring my gray hairs down to Sheol in sorrow.”

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Decision to Return to Egypt
# Chapter 43
1. Now the famine in the land was severe.
2. When they had used up the grain they had brought back from Egypt, their father said to them, "Go back and buy us a little food."
3. But Judah said to him, "The man specifically warned us, 'You will not see me again unless your brother is with you.'
4. If you will send our brother with us, we will go down and buy food for you.
5. But if you will not send him, we will not go, for the man said to us, 'You will not see me again unless your brother is with you.'"
6. "Why have you caused me so much trouble?" Israel asked. "Why did you tell the man that you had another brother?"
7. They answered, "The man kept asking about us and our family: 'Is your father still alive? Do you have another brother?' And we answered him accordingly. How could we know that he would say, 'Bring your brother here'?"
8. Then Judah said to his father Israel, "Send the boy with me. We will be on our way so that we may live and not die--neither we, nor you, nor our dependents.
9. I will be responsible for him. You can hold me personally accountable! If I do not bring him back to you and set him before you, I will be guilty before you forever.
10. If we had not delayed, we could have come back twice by now."
11. Then their father Israel said to them, "If it must be so, then do this: Put some of the best products of the land in your packs and take them down to the man as a gift--a little balsam and a little honey, aromatic gum and resin, pistachios and almonds.
12. Take twice as much silver with you. Return the silver that was returned to you in the top of your bags. Perhaps it was a mistake.
13. Take your brother also, and go back at once to the man.
14. May God Almighty cause the man to be merciful to you so that he will release your other brother and Benjamin to you. As for me, if I am deprived of my sons, then I am deprived."
The Return to Egypt
15. The men took this gift, double the amount of silver, and Benjamin. They immediately went down to Egypt and stood before Joseph.
16. When Joseph saw Benjamin with them, he said to his steward, "Take the men to my house. Slaughter an animal and prepare it, for they will eat with me at noon."
17. The man did as Joseph had said and brought them to Joseph's house.
18. But the men were afraid because they were taken to Joseph's house. They said, "We have been brought here because of the silver that was returned in our bags the first time. They intend to overpower us, seize us, make us slaves, and take our donkeys."
19. So they approached Joseph's steward and spoke to him at the doorway of the house.
20. They said, "My lord, we really did come down here the first time only to buy food.
21. When we came to the place where we lodged for the night and opened our bags of grain, each one's silver was at the top of his bag! It was the full amount of our silver, and we have brought it back with us.
22. We have brought additional silver with us to buy food. We don't know who put our silver in the bags."
23. Then the steward said, "May you be well. Don't be afraid. Your God and the God of your father must have put treasure in your bags. I received your silver." Then he brought Simeon out to them.
24. The steward brought the men into Joseph's house, gave them water to wash their feet, and got feed for their donkeys.
25. Since the men had heard that they were going to eat a meal there, they prepared their gift for Joseph's arrival at noon.
26. When Joseph came home, they brought him the gift they had carried into the house, and they bowed to the ground before him.
27. He asked if they were well, and he said, "How is your elderly father that you told me about? Is he still alive?"
28. They answered, "Your servant our father is well. He is still alive." And they knelt low and paid homage to him.
29. When he looked up and saw his brother Benjamin, his mother's son, he asked, "Is this your youngest brother that you told me about?" Then he said, "May God be gracious to you, my son."
30. Joseph hurried out because he was overcome with emotion for his brother, and he was about to weep. He went into an inner room and wept there.
31. Then he washed his face and came out. Regaining his composure, he said, "Serve the meal."
32. They served him by himself, his brothers by themselves, and the Egyptians who were eating with him by themselves, because Egyptians could not eat with Hebrews, since that is detestable to them.
33. They were seated before him in order by age, from the firstborn to the youngest. The men looked at each other in astonishment.
34. Portions were served to them from Joseph's table, and Benjamin's portion was five times larger than any of theirs. They drank and became drunk with Joseph.
1 Now the famine in the land was severe.
2 When they had used up the grain they had brought back from Egypt, their father said to them, “Go back and buy us a little food.”
3 But Judah said to him, “The man specifically warned us, ‘You will not see me again unless your brother is with you.’
4 If you will send our brother with us, we will go down and buy food for you.
5 But if you will not send him, we will not go, for the man said to us, ‘You will not see me again unless your brother is with you.’”
6 “Why have you caused me so much trouble?” Israel asked. “Why did you tell the man that you had another brother?”
7 They answered, “The man kept asking about us and our family: ‘Is your father still alive? Do you have another brother?’ And we answered him accordingly. How could we know that he would say, ‘Bring your brother here’?”
8 Then Judah said to his father Israel, “Send the boy with me. We will be on our way so that we may live and not die—neither we, nor you, nor our dependents.
9 I will be responsible for him. You can hold me personally accountable! If I do not bring him back to you and set him before you, I will be guilty before you forever.
10 If we had not delayed, we could have come back twice by now.”
11 Then their father Israel said to them, “If it must be so, then do this: Put some of the best products of the land in your packs and take them down to the man as a gift—a little balsam and a little honey, aromatic gum and resin, pistachios and almonds.
12 Take twice as much silver with you. Return the silver that was returned to you in the top of your bags. Perhaps it was a mistake.
13 Take your brother also, and go back at once to the man.
14 May God Almighty cause the man to be merciful to you so that he will release your other brother and Benjamin to you. As for me, if I am deprived of my sons, then I am deprived.”
15 The men took this gift, double the amount of silver, and Benjamin. They immediately went down to Egypt and stood before Joseph.
16 When Joseph saw Benjamin with them, he said to his steward, “Take the men to my house. Slaughter an animal and prepare it, for they will eat with me at noon.”
17 The man did as Joseph had said and brought them to Joseph’s house.
18 But the men were afraid because they were taken to Joseph’s house. They said, “We have been brought here because of the silver that was returned in our bags the first time. They intend to overpower us, seize us, make us slaves, and take our donkeys.”
19 So they approached Joseph’s steward and spoke to him at the doorway of the house.
20 They said, “My lord, we really did come down here the first time only to buy food.
21 When we came to the place where we lodged for the night and opened our bags of grain, each one’s silver was at the top of his bag! It was the full amount of our silver, and we have brought it back with us.
22 We have brought additional silver with us to buy food. We don’t know who put our silver in the bags.”
23 Then the steward said, “May you be well. Don’t be afraid. Your God and the God of your father must have put treasure in your bags. I received your silver.” Then he brought Simeon out to them.
24 The steward brought the men into Joseph’s house, gave them water to wash their feet, and got feed for their donkeys.
25 Since the men had heard that they were going to eat a meal there, they prepared their gift for Joseph’s arrival at noon.
26 When Joseph came home, they brought him the gift they had carried into the house, and they bowed to the ground before him.
27 He asked if they were well, and he said, “How is your elderly father that you told me about? Is he still alive?”
28 They answered, “Your servant our father is well. He is still alive.” And they knelt low and paid homage to him.
29 When he looked up and saw his brother Benjamin, his mother’s son, he asked, “Is this your youngest brother that you told me about?” Then he said, “May God be gracious to you, my son.”
30 Joseph hurried out because he was overcome with emotion for his brother, and he was about to weep. He went into an inner room and wept there.
31 Then he washed his face and came out. Regaining his composure, he said, “Serve the meal.”
32 They served him by himself, his brothers by themselves, and the Egyptians who were eating with him by themselves, because Egyptians could not eat with Hebrews, since that is detestable to them.
33 They were seated before him in order by age, from the firstborn to the youngest. The men looked at each other in astonishment.
34 Portions were served to them from Joseph’s table, and Benjamin’s portion was five times larger than any of theirs. They drank and became drunk with Joseph.

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Joseph's Final Test
# Chapter 44
1. Joseph commanded his steward, "Fill the men's bags with as much food as they can carry, and put each one's silver at the top of his bag.
2. Put my cup, the silver one, at the top of the youngest one's bag, along with the silver for his grain." So he did as Joseph told him.
3. At morning light, the men were sent off with their donkeys.
4. They had not gone very far from the city when Joseph said to his steward, "Get up. Pursue the men, and when you overtake them, say to them, 'Why have you repaid evil for good?
5. Isn't this the cup that my master drinks from and uses for divination? What you have done is wrong!'"
6. When he overtook them, he said these words to them.
7. They said to him, "Why does my lord say these things? Your servants could not possibly do such a thing.
8. We even brought back to you from the land of Canaan the silver we found at the top of our bags. How could we steal silver or gold from your master's house?
9. If it is found with one of us, your servants, he must die, and the rest of us will become my lord's slaves."
10. The steward replied, "What you have said is right, but only the one who is found to have it will be my slave, and the rest of you will be blameless."
11. So each one quickly lowered his sack to the ground and opened it.
12. The steward searched, beginning with the oldest and ending with the youngest, and the cup was found in Benjamin's sack.
13. Then they tore their clothes, and each one loaded his donkey and returned to the city.
14. When Judah and his brothers reached Joseph's house, he was still there. They fell to the ground before him.
15. "What have you done?" Joseph said to them. "Didn't you know that a man like me could uncover the truth by divination?"
16. "What can we say to my lord?" Judah replied. "How can we plead? How can we justify ourselves? God has exposed your servants' iniquity. We are now my lord's slaves--both we and the one in whose possession the cup was found."
17. Then Joseph said, "I swear that I will not do this. The man in whose possession the cup was found will be my slave. The rest of you can go in peace to your father."
Judah's Plea for Benjamin
18. But Judah approached him and said, "My lord, please let your servant speak personally to my lord. Do not be angry with your servant, for you are like Pharaoh.
19. My lord asked his servants, 'Do you have a father or a brother?'
20. and we answered my lord, 'We have an elderly father and a younger brother, the child of his old age. The boy's brother is dead. He is the only one of his mother's sons left, and his father loves him.'
21. Then you said to your servants, 'Bring him to me so that I can see him.'
22. But we said to my lord, 'The boy cannot leave his father. If he were to leave, his father would die.'
23. Then you said to your servants, 'If your younger brother does not come down with you, you will not see me again.'
24. "This is what happened when we went back to your servant my father: We reported to him the words of my lord.
25. But our father said, 'Go again, and buy us a little food.'
26. We told him, 'We cannot go down unless our younger brother goes with us. If our younger brother isn't with us, we cannot see the man.'
27. Your servant my father said to us, 'You know that my wife bore me two sons.
28. One is gone from me--I said he must have been torn to pieces--and I have never seen him again.
29. If you also take this one from me and anything happens to him, you will bring my gray hairs down to Sheol in sorrow.'
30. "So if I come to your servant my father and the boy is not with us--his life is wrapped up with the boy's life--
31. when he sees that the boy is not with us, he will die. Then your servants will have brought the gray hairs of your servant our father down to Sheol in sorrow.
32. Your servant became accountable to my father for the boy, saying, 'If I do not return him to you, I will always bear the guilt for sinning against you, my father.'
33. Now please let your servant remain here as my lord's slave, in place of the boy. Let him go back with his brothers.
34. For how can I go back to my father without the boy? I could not bear to see the grief that would overwhelm my father."
1 Joseph commanded his steward, “Fill the men’s bags with as much food as they can carry, and put each one’s silver at the top of his bag.
2 Put my cup, the silver one, at the top of the youngest one’s bag, along with the silver for his grain.” So he did as Joseph told him.
3 At morning light, the men were sent off with their donkeys.
4 They had not gone very far from the city when Joseph said to his steward, “Get up. Pursue the men, and when you overtake them, say to them, ‘Why have you repaid evil for good?
5 Isn’t this the cup that my master drinks from and uses for divination? What you have done is wrong!’”
6 When he overtook them, he said these words to them.
7 They said to him, “Why does my lord say these things? Your servants could not possibly do such a thing.
8 We even brought back to you from the land of Canaan the silver we found at the top of our bags. How could we steal silver or gold from your master’s house?
9 If it is found with one of us, your servants, he must die, and the rest of us will become my lord’s slaves.”
10 The steward replied, “What you have said is right, but only the one who is found to have it will be my slave, and the rest of you will be blameless.”
11 So each one quickly lowered his sack to the ground and opened it.
12 The steward searched, beginning with the oldest and ending with the youngest, and the cup was found in Benjamin’s sack.
13 Then they tore their clothes, and each one loaded his donkey and returned to the city.
14 When Judah and his brothers reached Joseph’s house, he was still there. They fell to the ground before him.
15 “What have you done?” Joseph said to them. “Didn’t you know that a man like me could uncover the truth by divination?”
16 “What can we say to my lord?” Judah replied. “How can we plead? How can we justify ourselves? God has exposed your servants’ iniquity. We are now my lord’s slaves—both we and the one in whose possession the cup was found.”
17 Then Joseph said, “I swear that I will not do this. The man in whose possession the cup was found will be my slave. The rest of you can go in peace to your father.”
18 But Judah approached him and said, “My lord, please let your servant speak personally to my lord. Do not be angry with your servant, for you are like Pharaoh.
19 My lord asked his servants, ‘Do you have a father or a brother?’
20 and we answered my lord, ‘We have an elderly father and a younger brother, the child of his old age. The boy’s brother is dead. He is the only one of his mother’s sons left, and his father loves him.’
21 Then you said to your servants, ‘Bring him to me so that I can see him.’
22 But we said to my lord, ‘The boy cannot leave his father. If he were to leave, his father would die.’
23 Then you said to your servants, ‘If your younger brother does not come down with you, you will not see me again.’
24 “This is what happened when we went back to your servant my father: We reported to him the words of my lord.
25 But our father said, ‘Go again, and buy us a little food.’
26 We told him, ‘We cannot go down unless our younger brother goes with us. If our younger brother isn’t with us, we cannot see the man.’
27 Your servant my father said to us, ‘You know that my wife bore me two sons.
28 One is gone from me—I said he must have been torn to pieces—and I have never seen him again.
29 If you also take this one from me and anything happens to him, you will bring my gray hairs down to Sheol in sorrow.’
30 “So if I come to your servant my father and the boy is not with us—his life is wrapped up with the boy’s life—
31 when he sees that the boy is not with us, he will die. Then your servants will have brought the gray hairs of your servant our father down to Sheol in sorrow.
32 Your servant became accountable to my father for the boy, saying, ‘If I do not return him to you, I will always bear the guilt for sinning against you, my father.’
33 Now please let your servant remain here as my lord’s slave, in place of the boy. Let him go back with his brothers.
34 For how can I go back to my father without the boy? I could not bear to see the grief that would overwhelm my father.”

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Joseph Reveals His Identity
# Chapter 45
1. Joseph could no longer keep his composure in front of all his attendants, so he called out, "Send everyone away from me!" No one was with him when he revealed his identity to his brothers.
2. But he wept so loudly that the Egyptians heard it, and also Pharaoh's household heard it.
3. Joseph said to his brothers, "I am Joseph! Is my father still living?" But they could not answer him because they were terrified in his presence.
4. Then Joseph said to his brothers, "Please, come near me," and they came near. "I am Joseph, your brother," he said, "the one you sold into Egypt.
5. And now don't be grieved or angry with yourselves for selling me here, because God sent me ahead of you to preserve life.
6. For the famine has been in the land these two years, and there will be five more years without plowing or harvesting.
7. God sent me ahead of you to establish you as a remnant within the land and to keep you alive by a great deliverance.
8. Therefore it was not you who sent me here, but God. He has made me a father to Pharaoh, lord of his entire household, and ruler over all the land of Egypt.
9. "Return quickly to my father and say to him, 'This is what your son Joseph says: "God has made me lord of all Egypt. Come down to me without delay.
10. You can settle in the land of Goshen and be near me--you, your children, and your grandchildren, your flocks, your herds, and all you have.
11. There I will sustain you, for there will be five more years of famine. Otherwise, you, your household, and everything you have will become destitute."'
12. Look! Your eyes and the eyes of my brother Benjamin can see that I'm the one speaking to you.
13. Tell my father about all my glory in Egypt and about all you have seen. And bring my father here quickly."
14. Then Joseph threw his arms around his brother Benjamin and wept, and Benjamin wept on his shoulder.
15. Joseph kissed each of his brothers as he wept, and afterward his brothers talked with him.
The Return for Jacob
16. When the news reached Pharaoh's palace, "Joseph's brothers have come," Pharaoh and his servants were pleased.
17. Pharaoh said to Joseph, "Tell your brothers, 'Do this: Load your animals and go on back to the land of Canaan.
18. Get your father and your families, and come back to me. I will give you the best of the land of Egypt, and you can eat from the richness of the land.'
19. You are also commanded to tell them, 'Do this: Take wagons from the land of Egypt for your dependents and your wives and bring your father here.
20. Do not be concerned about your belongings, for the best of all the land of Egypt is yours.'"
21. The sons of Israel did this. Joseph gave them wagons as Pharaoh had commanded, and he gave them provisions for the journey.
22. He gave each of the brothers changes of clothes, but he gave Benjamin three hundred pieces of silver and five changes of clothes.
23. He sent his father the following: ten donkeys carrying the best products of Egypt and ten female donkeys carrying grain, food, and provisions for his father on the journey.
24. So Joseph sent his brothers on their way, and as they were leaving, he said to them, "Don't argue on the way."
25. So they went up from Egypt and came to their father Jacob in the land of Canaan.
26. They said, "Joseph is still alive, and he is ruler over all the land of Egypt!" Jacob was stunned, for he did not believe them.
27. But when they told Jacob all that Joseph had said to them, and when he saw the wagons that Joseph had sent to transport him, the spirit of their father Jacob revived.
28. Then Israel said, "Enough! My son Joseph is still alive. I will go to see him before I die."
1 Joseph could no longer keep his composure in front of all his attendants, so he called out, “Send everyone away from me!” No one was with him when he revealed his identity to his brothers.
2 But he wept so loudly that the Egyptians heard it, and also Pharaoh’s household heard it.
3 Joseph said to his brothers, “I am Joseph! Is my father still living?” But they could not answer him because they were terrified in his presence.
4 Then Joseph said to his brothers, “Please, come near me,” and they came near. “I am Joseph, your brother,” he said, “the one you sold into Egypt.
5 And now don’t be grieved or angry with yourselves for selling me here, because God sent me ahead of you to preserve life.
6 For the famine has been in the land these two years, and there will be five more years without plowing or harvesting.
7 God sent me ahead of you to establish you as a remnant within the land and to keep you alive by a great deliverance.
8 Therefore it was not you who sent me here, but God. He has made me a father to Pharaoh, lord of his entire household, and ruler over all the land of Egypt.
9 “Return quickly to my father and say to him, ‘This is what your son Joseph says: “God has made me lord of all Egypt. Come down to me without delay.
10 You can settle in the land of Goshen and be near me—you, your children, and your grandchildren, your flocks, your herds, and all you have.
11 There I will sustain you, for there will be five more years of famine. Otherwise, you, your household, and everything you have will become destitute.”’
12 Look! Your eyes and the eyes of my brother Benjamin can see that I’m the one speaking to you.
13 Tell my father about all my glory in Egypt and about all you have seen. And bring my father here quickly.”
14 Then Joseph threw his arms around his brother Benjamin and wept, and Benjamin wept on his shoulder.
15 Joseph kissed each of his brothers as he wept, and afterward his brothers talked with him.
16 When the news reached Pharaoh’s palace, “Joseph’s brothers have come,” Pharaoh and his servants were pleased.
17 Pharaoh said to Joseph, “Tell your brothers, ‘Do this: Load your animals and go on back to the land of Canaan.
18 Get your father and your families, and come back to me. I will give you the best of the land of Egypt, and you can eat from the richness of the land.’
19 You are also commanded to tell them, ‘Do this: Take wagons from the land of Egypt for your dependents and your wives and bring your father here.
20 Do not be concerned about your belongings, for the best of all the land of Egypt is yours.’”
21 The sons of Israel did this. Joseph gave them wagons as Pharaoh had commanded, and he gave them provisions for the journey.
22 He gave each of the brothers changes of clothes, but he gave Benjamin three hundred pieces of silver and five changes of clothes.
23 He sent his father the following: ten donkeys carrying the best products of Egypt and ten female donkeys carrying grain, food, and provisions for his father on the journey.
24 So Joseph sent his brothers on their way, and as they were leaving, he said to them, “Don’t argue on the way.”
25 So they went up from Egypt and came to their father Jacob in the land of Canaan.
26 They said, “Joseph is still alive, and he is ruler over all the land of Egypt!” Jacob was stunned, for he did not believe them.
27 But when they told Jacob all that Joseph had said to them, and when he saw the wagons that Joseph had sent to transport him, the spirit of their father Jacob revived.
28 Then Israel said, “Enough! My son Joseph is still alive. I will go to see him before I die.”

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Jacob Leaves for Egypt
# Chapter 46
1. Israel set out with all that he had and came to Beer-sheba, and he offered sacrifices to the God of his father Isaac.
2. That night God spoke to Israel in a vision: "Jacob, Jacob!" he said.
And Jacob replied, "Here I am."
3. God said, "I am God, the God of your father. Do not be afraid to go down to Egypt, for I will make you into a great nation there.
4. I will go down with you to Egypt, and I will also bring you back. Joseph will close your eyes when you die."
5. Jacob left Beer-sheba. The sons of Israel took their father Jacob in the wagons Pharaoh had sent to carry him, along with their dependents and their wives.
6. They also took their cattle and possessions they had acquired in the land of Canaan. Then Jacob and all his offspring with him came to Egypt.
7. His sons and grandsons, his daughters and granddaughters, indeed all his offspring, he brought with him to Egypt.
Jacob's Family
8. These are the names of the sons of Israel who came to Egypt--Jacob and his sons:
Jacob's firstborn: Reuben.
9. Reuben's sons: Hanoch, Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi.
10. Simeon's sons: Jemuel, Jamin, Ohad, Jachin, Zohar, and Shaul, the son of a Canaanite woman.
11. Levi's sons: Gershon, Kohath, and Merari.
12. Judah's sons: Er, Onan, Shelah, Perez, and Zerah; but Er and Onan died in the land of Canaan.
1 Israel set out with all that he had and came to Beer-sheba, and he offered sacrifices to the God of his father Isaac.
2 That night God spoke to Israel in a vision: “Jacob, Jacob!” he said.
And Jacob replied, “Here I am.”
3 God said, “I am God, the God of your father. Do not be afraid to go down to Egypt, for I will make you into a great nation there.
4 I will go down with you to Egypt, and I will also bring you back. Joseph will close your eyes when you die.”
5 Jacob left Beer-sheba. The sons of Israel took their father Jacob in the wagons Pharaoh had sent to carry him, along with their dependents and their wives.
6 They also took their cattle and possessions they had acquired in the land of Canaan. Then Jacob and all his offspring with him came to Egypt.
7 His sons and grandsons, his daughters and granddaughters, indeed all his offspring, he brought with him to Egypt.
8 These are the names of the sons of Israel who came to Egypt—Jacob and his sons:
Jacob’s firstborn: Reuben.
9 Reuben’s sons: Hanoch, Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi.
10 Simeon’s sons: Jemuel, Jamin, Ohad, Jachin, Zohar, and Shaul, the son of a Canaanite woman.
11 Levi’s sons: Gershon, Kohath, and Merari.
12 Judah’s sons: Er, Onan, Shelah, Perez, and Zerah; but Er and Onan died in the land of Canaan.
The sons of Perez were Hezron and Hamul.
13. Issachar's sons: Tola, Puvah, Jashub, and Shimron.
14. Zebulun's sons: Sered, Elon, and Jahleel.
15. These were Leah's sons born to Jacob in Paddan-aram, as well as his daughter Dinah. The total number of persons: thirty-three.
16. Gad's sons: Ziphion, Haggi, Shuni, Ezbon, Eri, Arodi, and Areli.
17. Asher's sons: Imnah, Ishvah, Ishvi, Beriah, and their sister Serah.
Beriah's sons were Heber and Malchiel.
18. These were the sons of Zilpah--whom Laban gave to his daughter Leah--that she bore to Jacob: sixteen persons.
19. The sons of Jacob's wife Rachel: Joseph and Benjamin.
20. Manasseh and Ephraim were born to Joseph in the land of Egypt. They were born to him by Asenath daughter of Potiphera, a priest at On.
21. Benjamin's sons: Bela, Becher, Ashbel, Gera, Naaman, Ehi, Rosh, Muppim, Huppim, and Ard.
22. These were Rachel's sons who were born to Jacob: fourteen persons.
23. Dan's son: Hushim.
24. Naphtali's sons: Jahzeel, Guni, Jezer, and Shillem.
25. These were the sons of Bilhah, whom Laban gave to his daughter Rachel. She bore to Jacob: seven persons.
26. The total number of persons belonging to Jacob--his direct descendants, not including the wives of Jacob's sons--who came to Egypt: sixty-six.
27. And Joseph's sons who were born to him in Egypt: two persons.
All those of Jacob's household who came to Egypt: seventy persons.
Jacob Arrives in Egypt
28. Now Jacob had sent Judah ahead of him to Joseph to prepare for his arrival at Goshen. When they came to the land of Goshen,
29. Joseph hitched the horses to his chariot and went up to Goshen to meet his father Israel. Joseph presented himself to him, threw his arms around him, and wept for a long time.
30. Then Israel said to Joseph, "I'm ready to die now because I have seen your face and you are still alive!"
31. Joseph said to his brothers and to his father's family, "I will go up and inform Pharaoh, telling him, 'My brothers and my father's family, who were in the land of Canaan, have come to me.
32. The men are shepherds; they also raise livestock. They have brought their flocks and herds and all that they have.'
33. When Pharaoh addresses you and asks, 'What is your occupation?'
34. you are to say, 'Your servants, both we and our ancestors, have raised livestock from our youth until now.' Then you will be allowed to settle in the land of Goshen, since all shepherds are detestable to Egyptians."
13 Issachar’s sons: Tola, Puvah, Jashub, and Shimron.
14 Zebulun’s sons: Sered, Elon, and Jahleel.
15 These were Leah’s sons born to Jacob in Paddan-aram, as well as his daughter Dinah. The total number of persons: thirty-three.
16 Gad’s sons: Ziphion, Haggi, Shuni, Ezbon, Eri, Arodi, and Areli.
17 Asher’s sons: Imnah, Ishvah, Ishvi, Beriah, and their sister Serah.
Beriah’s sons were Heber and Malchiel.
18 These were the sons of Zilpah—whom Laban gave to his daughter Leah—that she bore to Jacob: sixteen persons.
19 The sons of Jacob’s wife Rachel: Joseph and Benjamin.
20 Manasseh and Ephraim were born to Joseph in the land of Egypt. They were born to him by Asenath daughter of Potiphera, a priest at On.
21 Benjamin’s sons: Bela, Becher, Ashbel, Gera, Naaman, Ehi, Rosh, Muppim, Huppim, and Ard.
22 These were Rachel’s sons who were born to Jacob: fourteen persons.
23 Dan’s son: Hushim.
24 Naphtali’s sons: Jahzeel, Guni, Jezer, and Shillem.
25 These were the sons of Bilhah, whom Laban gave to his daughter Rachel. She bore to Jacob: seven persons.
26 The total number of persons belonging to Jacob—his direct descendants, not including the wives of Jacob’s sons—who came to Egypt: sixty-six.
27 And Joseph’s sons who were born to him in Egypt: two persons.
All those of Jacob’s household who came to Egypt: seventy persons.
28 Now Jacob had sent Judah ahead of him to Joseph to prepare for his arrival at Goshen. When they came to the land of Goshen,
29 Joseph hitched the horses to his chariot and went up to Goshen to meet his father Israel. Joseph presented himself to him, threw his arms around him, and wept for a long time.
30 Then Israel said to Joseph, “I’m ready to die now because I have seen your face and you are still alive!”
31 Joseph said to his brothers and to his father’s family, “I will go up and inform Pharaoh, telling him, ‘My brothers and my father’s family, who were in the land of Canaan, have come to me.
32 The men are shepherds; they also raise livestock. They have brought their flocks and herds and all that they have.’
33 When Pharaoh addresses you and asks, ‘What is your occupation?’
34 you are to say, ‘Your servants, both we and our ancestors, have raised livestock from our youth until now.’ Then you will be allowed to settle in the land of Goshen, since all shepherds are detestable to Egyptians.”

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Pharaoh Welcomes Jacob
# Chapter 47
1. So Joseph went and informed Pharaoh: "My father and my brothers, with their flocks and herds and all that they own, have come from the land of Canaan and are now in the land of Goshen."
2. He took five of his brothers and presented them to Pharaoh.
3. And Pharaoh asked his brothers, "What is your occupation?"
They said to Pharaoh, "Your servants, both we and our ancestors, are shepherds."
4. And they said to Pharaoh, "We have come to stay in the land for a while because there is no grazing land for your servants' sheep, since the famine in the land of Canaan has been severe. So now, please let your servants settle in the land of Goshen."
5. Then Pharaoh said to Joseph, "Now that your father and brothers have come to you,
6. the land of Egypt is open before you; settle your father and brothers in the best part of the land. They can live in the land of Goshen. If you know of any capable men among them, put them in charge of my livestock."
7. Joseph then brought his father Jacob and presented him to Pharaoh, and Jacob blessed Pharaoh.
8. Pharaoh said to Jacob, "How many years have you lived?"
9. Jacob said to Pharaoh, "My pilgrimage has lasted 130 years. My years have been few and hard, and they have not reached the years of my ancestors during their pilgrimages."
10. So Jacob blessed Pharaoh and departed from Pharaoh's presence.
11. Then Joseph settled his father and brothers in the land of Egypt and gave them property in the best part of the land, the land of Rameses, as Pharaoh had commanded.
12. And Joseph provided his father, his brothers, and all his father's family with food for their dependents.
The Land Becomes Pharaoh's
13. But there was no food in the entire region, for the famine was very severe. The land of Egypt and the land of Canaan were exhausted by the famine.
14. Joseph collected all the silver to be found in the land of Egypt and the land of Canaan in exchange for the grain they were purchasing, and he brought the silver to Pharaoh's palace.
15. When the silver from the land of Egypt and the land of Canaan was gone, all the Egyptians came to Joseph and said, "Give us food. Why should we die here in front of you? The silver is gone!"
16. But Joseph said, "Give me your livestock. Since the silver is gone, I will give you food in exchange for your livestock."
17. So they brought their livestock to Joseph, and he gave them food in exchange for the horses, the flocks of sheep, the herds of cattle, and the donkeys. That year he provided them with food in exchange for all their livestock.
18. When that year was over, they came the next year and said to him, "We cannot hide from our lord that the silver is gone and that all our livestock belongs to our lord. There is nothing left for our lord except our bodies and our land.
19. Why should we die here in front of you--both us and our land? Buy us and our land in exchange for food. Then we with our land will become Pharaoh's slaves. Give us seed so that we can live and not die, and so that the land won't become desolate."
20. In this way, Joseph acquired all the land in Egypt for Pharaoh, because every Egyptian sold his field since the famine was so severe for them. The land became Pharaoh's,
21. and Joseph made the people servants from one end of Egypt to the other.
22. The only land he did not acquire belonged to the priests, for they had an allowance from Pharaoh. They ate from their allowance that Pharaoh gave them; therefore they did not sell their land.
23. Joseph said to the people, "Understand today that I have acquired you and your land for Pharaoh. Here is seed for you. Sow it in the land.
24. At harvest, you are to give a fifth of it to Pharaoh, and four-fifths will be yours as seed for the field and as food for yourselves, your households, and your dependents."
25. "You have saved our lives," they said. "We have found favor with our lord and will be Pharaoh's slaves."
26. So Joseph made it a law, still in effect today in the land of Egypt, that a fifth of the produce belongs to Pharaoh. Only the priests' land does not belong to Pharaoh.
Israel Settles in Goshen
27. Israel settled in the land of Egypt, in the region of Goshen. They acquired property in it and became fruitful and very numerous.
28. Now Jacob lived in the land of Egypt 17 years, and his life span was 147 years.
29. When the time approached for him to die, he called his son Joseph and said to him, "If I have found favor with you, put your hand under my thigh and promise me that you will deal with me in kindness and faithfulness. Do not bury me in Egypt.
30. When I rest with my ancestors, carry me away from Egypt and bury me in their burial place."
Joseph answered, "I will do what you have asked."
31. And Jacob said, "Swear to me." So Joseph swore to him. Then Israel bowed in thanks at the head of his bed.
1 So Joseph went and informed Pharaoh: “My father and my brothers, with their flocks and herds and all that they own, have come from the land of Canaan and are now in the land of Goshen.”
2 He took five of his brothers and presented them to Pharaoh.
3 And Pharaoh asked his brothers, “What is your occupation?”
They said to Pharaoh, “Your servants, both we and our ancestors, are shepherds.”
4 And they said to Pharaoh, “We have come to stay in the land for a while because there is no grazing land for your servants’ sheep, since the famine in the land of Canaan has been severe. So now, please let your servants settle in the land of Goshen.”
5 Then Pharaoh said to Joseph, “Now that your father and brothers have come to you,
6 the land of Egypt is open before you; settle your father and brothers in the best part of the land. They can live in the land of Goshen. If you know of any capable men among them, put them in charge of my livestock.”
7 Joseph then brought his father Jacob and presented him to Pharaoh, and Jacob blessed Pharaoh.
8 Pharaoh said to Jacob, “How many years have you lived?”
9 Jacob said to Pharaoh, “My pilgrimage has lasted 130 years. My years have been few and hard, and they have not reached the years of my ancestors during their pilgrimages.”
10 So Jacob blessed Pharaoh and departed from Pharaoh’s presence.
11 Then Joseph settled his father and brothers in the land of Egypt and gave them property in the best part of the land, the land of Rameses, as Pharaoh had commanded.
12 And Joseph provided his father, his brothers, and all his father’s family with food for their dependents.
13 But there was no food in the entire region, for the famine was very severe. The land of Egypt and the land of Canaan were exhausted by the famine.
14 Joseph collected all the silver to be found in the land of Egypt and the land of Canaan in exchange for the grain they were purchasing, and he brought the silver to Pharaoh’s palace.
15 When the silver from the land of Egypt and the land of Canaan was gone, all the Egyptians came to Joseph and said, “Give us food. Why should we die here in front of you? The silver is gone!”
16 But Joseph said, “Give me your livestock. Since the silver is gone, I will give you food in exchange for your livestock.”
17 So they brought their livestock to Joseph, and he gave them food in exchange for the horses, the flocks of sheep, the herds of cattle, and the donkeys. That year he provided them with food in exchange for all their livestock.
18 When that year was over, they came the next year and said to him, “We cannot hide from our lord that the silver is gone and that all our livestock belongs to our lord. There is nothing left for our lord except our bodies and our land.
19 Why should we die here in front of you—both us and our land? Buy us and our land in exchange for food. Then we with our land will become Pharaoh’s slaves. Give us seed so that we can live and not die, and so that the land won’t become desolate.”
20 In this way, Joseph acquired all the land in Egypt for Pharaoh, because every Egyptian sold his field since the famine was so severe for them. The land became Pharaoh’s,
21 and Joseph made the people servants from one end of Egypt to the other.
22 The only land he did not acquire belonged to the priests, for they had an allowance from Pharaoh. They ate from their allowance that Pharaoh gave them; therefore they did not sell their land.
23 Joseph said to the people, “Understand today that I have acquired you and your land for Pharaoh. Here is seed for you. Sow it in the land.
24 At harvest, you are to give a fifth of it to Pharaoh, and four-fifths will be yours as seed for the field and as food for yourselves, your households, and your dependents.”
25 “You have saved our lives,” they said. “We have found favor with our lord and will be Pharaoh’s slaves.”
26 So Joseph made it a law, still in effect today in the land of Egypt, that a fifth of the produce belongs to Pharaoh. Only the priests’ land does not belong to Pharaoh.
27 Israel settled in the land of Egypt, in the region of Goshen. They acquired property in it and became fruitful and very numerous.
28 Now Jacob lived in the land of Egypt 17 years, and his life span was 147 years.
29 When the time approached for him to die, he called his son Joseph and said to him, “If I have found favor with you, put your hand under my thigh and promise me that you will deal with me in kindness and faithfulness. Do not bury me in Egypt.
30 When I rest with my ancestors, carry me away from Egypt and bury me in their burial place.”
Joseph answered, “I will do what you have asked.”
31 And Jacob said, “Swear to me.” So Joseph swore to him. Then Israel bowed in thanks at the head of his bed.

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Jacob Blesses Ephraim and Manasseh
# Chapter 48
1. Some time after this, Joseph was told, "Your father is weaker." So he set out with his two sons, Manasseh and Ephraim.
2. When Jacob was told, "Your son Joseph has come to you," Israel summoned his strength and sat up in bed.
3. Jacob said to Joseph, "God Almighty appeared to me at Luz in the land of Canaan and blessed me.
4. He said to me, 'I will make you fruitful and numerous; I will make many nations come from you, and I will give this land as a permanent possession to your future descendants.'
5. Your two sons born to you in the land of Egypt before I came to you in Egypt are now mine. Ephraim and Manasseh belong to me just as Reuben and Simeon do.
6. Children born to you after them will be yours and will be recorded under the names of their brothers with regard to their inheritance.
7. When I was returning from Paddan, to my sorrow Rachel died along the way, some distance from Ephrath in the land of Canaan. I buried her there along the way to Ephrath" (that is, Bethlehem).
8. When Israel saw Joseph's sons, he said, "Who are these?"
9. And Joseph said to his father, "They are my sons God has given me here."
So Israel said, "Bring them to me and I will bless them."
10. Now his eyesight was poor because of old age; he could hardly see. Joseph brought them to him, and he kissed and embraced them.
11. Israel said to Joseph, "I never expected to see your face again, but now God has even let me see your offspring."
12. Then Joseph took them from his father's knees and bowed with his face to the ground.
Ephraim's Greater Blessing
13. Then Joseph took them both--with his right hand Ephraim toward Israel's left, and with his left hand Manasseh toward Israel's right--and brought them to Israel.
14. But Israel stretched out his right hand and put it on the head of Ephraim, the younger, and crossing his hands, put his left on Manasseh's head, although Manasseh was the firstborn.
15. Then he blessed Joseph and said:
1 Some time after this, Joseph was told, “Your father is weaker.” So he set out with his two sons, Manasseh and Ephraim.
2 When Jacob was told, “Your son Joseph has come to you,” Israel summoned his strength and sat up in bed.
3 Jacob said to Joseph, “God Almighty appeared to me at Luz in the land of Canaan and blessed me.
4 He said to me, ‘I will make you fruitful and numerous; I will make many nations come from you, and I will give this land as a permanent possession to your future descendants.’
5 Your two sons born to you in the land of Egypt before I came to you in Egypt are now mine. Ephraim and Manasseh belong to me just as Reuben and Simeon do.
6 Children born to you after them will be yours and will be recorded under the names of their brothers with regard to their inheritance.
7 When I was returning from Paddan, to my sorrow Rachel died along the way, some distance from Ephrath in the land of Canaan. I buried her there along the way to Ephrath” (that is, Bethlehem).
8 When Israel saw Joseph’s sons, he said, “Who are these?”
9 And Joseph said to his father, “They are my sons God has given me here.”
So Israel said, “Bring them to me and I will bless them.”
10 Now his eyesight was poor because of old age; he could hardly see. Joseph brought them to him, and he kissed and embraced them.
11 Israel said to Joseph, “I never expected to see your face again, but now God has even let me see your offspring.”
12 Then Joseph took them from his father’s knees and bowed with his face to the ground.
13 Then Joseph took them both—with his right hand Ephraim toward Israel’s left, and with his left hand Manasseh toward Israel’s right—and brought them to Israel.
14 But Israel stretched out his right hand and put it on the head of Ephraim, the younger, and crossing his hands, put his left on Manasseh’s head, although Manasseh was the firstborn.
15 Then he blessed Joseph and said:
The God before whom my fathers Abraham and Isaac walked,
the God who has been my shepherd all my life to this day,
16. the angel who has redeemed me from all harm--
16 the angel who has redeemed me from all harm—
may he bless these boys.
And may they be called by my name
and the names of my fathers Abraham and Isaac,
and may they grow to be numerous within the land.
17. When Joseph saw that his father had placed his right hand on Ephraim's head, he thought it was a mistake and took his father's hand to move it from Ephraim's head to Manasseh's.
18. Joseph said to his father, "Not that way, my father! This one is the firstborn. Put your right hand on his head."
19. But his father refused and said, "I know, my son, I know! He too will become a tribe, and he too will be great; nevertheless, his younger brother will be greater than he, and his offspring will become a populous nation."
20. So he blessed them that day, putting Ephraim before Manasseh when he said, "The nation Israel will invoke blessings by you, saying, 'May God make you like Ephraim and Manasseh.'"
21. Israel said to Joseph, "Look, I am about to die, but God will be with you and will bring you back to the land of your fathers.
22. Over and above what I am giving your brothers, I am giving you the one mountain slope that I took from the Amorites with my sword and bow."
17 When Joseph saw that his father had placed his right hand on Ephraim’s head, he thought it was a mistake and took his father’s hand to move it from Ephraim’s head to Manasseh’s.
18 Joseph said to his father, “Not that way, my father! This one is the firstborn. Put your right hand on his head.”
19 But his father refused and said, “I know, my son, I know! He too will become a tribe, and he too will be great; nevertheless, his younger brother will be greater than he, and his offspring will become a populous nation.”
20 So he blessed them that day, putting Ephraim before Manasseh when he said, “The nation Israel will invoke blessings by you, saying, ‘May God make you like Ephraim and Manasseh.’”
21 Israel said to Joseph, “Look, I am about to die, but God will be with you and will bring you back to the land of your fathers.
22 Over and above what I am giving your brothers, I am giving you the one mountain slope that I took from the Amorites with my sword and bow.”

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Jacob's Last Words
# Chapter 49
1. Then Jacob called his sons and said, "Gather around, and I will tell you what will happen to you in the days to come.
2. Come together and listen, sons of Jacob;
1 Then Jacob called his sons and said, “Gather around, and I will tell you what will happen to you in the days to come.
2 Come together and listen, sons of Jacob;
listen to your father Israel:
3. Reuben, you are my firstborn,
3 Reuben, you are my firstborn,
my strength and the firstfruits of my virility,
excelling in prominence, excelling in power.
4. Turbulent as water, you will not excel,
because you got into your father's bed
and you defiled it--he got into my bed.
5. Simeon and Levi are brothers;
4 Turbulent as water, you will not excel,
because you got into your father’s bed
and you defiled it—he got into my bed.
5 Simeon and Levi are brothers;
their knives are vicious weapons.
6. May I never enter their council;
6 May I never enter their council;
may I never join their assembly.
For in their anger they kill men,
and on a whim they hamstring oxen.
7. Their anger is cursed, for it is strong,
7 Their anger is cursed, for it is strong,
and their fury, for it is cruel!
I will disperse them throughout Jacob
and scatter them throughout Israel.
8. Judah, your brothers will praise you.
8 Judah, your brothers will praise you.
Your hand will be on the necks of your enemies;
your father's sons will bow down to you.
9. Judah is a young lion--
your father’s sons will bow down to you.
9 Judah is a young lion—
my son, you return from the kill.
He crouches; he lies down like a lion
or a lioness--who dares to rouse him?
10. The scepter will not depart from Judah
or a lioness—who dares to rouse him?
10 The scepter will not depart from Judah
or the staff from between his feet
until he whose right it is comes
and the obedience of the peoples belongs to him.
11. He ties his donkey to a vine,
11 He ties his donkey to a vine,
and the colt of his donkey to the choice vine.
He washes his clothes in wine
and
his robes in the blood of grapes.
12. His eyes are darker than wine,
and his robes in the blood of grapes.
12 His eyes are darker than wine,
and his teeth are whiter than milk.
13. Zebulun will live by the seashore
13 Zebulun will live by the seashore
and will be a harbor for ships,
and his territory will be next to Sidon.
14. Issachar is a strong donkey
14 Issachar is a strong donkey
lying down between the saddlebags.
15. He saw that his resting place was good
15 He saw that his resting place was good
and that the land was pleasant,
so he leaned his shoulder to bear a load
and became a forced laborer.
16. Dan will judge his people
16 Dan will judge his people
as one of the tribes of Israel.
17. Dan will be a snake by the road,
17 Dan will be a snake by the road,
a viper beside the path,
that bites the horse's heels
that bites the horse’s heels
so that its rider falls backward.
18. I wait for your salvation, Lord.
19. Gad will be attacked by raiders,
18 I wait for your salvation, Lord.
19 Gad will be attacked by raiders,
but he will attack their heels.
20. Asher's food will be rich,
20 Asher’s food will be rich,
and he will produce royal delicacies.
21. Naphtali is a doe set free
21 Naphtali is a doe set free
that bears beautiful fawns.
22. Joseph is a fruitful vine,
22 Joseph is a fruitful vine,
a fruitful vine beside a spring;
its branches climb over the wall.
23. The archers attacked him,
23 The archers attacked him,
shot at him, and were hostile toward him.
24. Yet his bow remained steady,
24 Yet his bow remained steady,
and his strong arms were made agile
by the hands of the Mighty One of Jacob,
by the name of the Shepherd, the Rock of Israel,
25. by the God of your father who helps you,
25 by the God of your father who helps you,
and by the Almighty who blesses you
with blessings of the heavens above,
blessings of the deep that lies below,
and blessings of the breasts and the womb.
26. The blessings of your father excel
26 The blessings of your father excel
the blessings of my ancestors
and the bounty of the ancient hills.
May they rest on the head of Joseph,
on the brow of the prince of his brothers.
27. Benjamin is a wolf; he tears his prey.
27 Benjamin is a wolf; he tears his prey.
In the morning he devours the prey,
and in the evening he divides the plunder."
28. These are the tribes of Israel, twelve in all, and this is what their father said to them. He blessed them, and he blessed each one with a suitable blessing.
Jacob's Burial Instructions
29. Then he commanded them, "I am about to be gathered to my people. Bury me with my ancestors in the cave in the field of Ephron the Hethite.
30. The cave is in the field of Machpelah near Mamre, in the land of Canaan. This is the field Abraham purchased from Ephron the Hethite as burial property.
31. Abraham and his wife Sarah are buried there, Isaac and his wife Rebekah are buried there, and I buried Leah there.
32. The field and the cave in it were purchased from the Hethites."
33. When Jacob had finished giving charges to his sons, he drew his feet into the bed, took his last breath, and was gathered to his people.
and in the evening he divides the plunder.”
28 These are the tribes of Israel, twelve in all, and this is what their father said to them. He blessed them, and he blessed each one with a suitable blessing.
29 Then he commanded them, “I am about to be gathered to my people. Bury me with my ancestors in the cave in the field of Ephron the Hethite.
30 The cave is in the field of Machpelah near Mamre, in the land of Canaan. This is the field Abraham purchased from Ephron the Hethite as burial property.
31 Abraham and his wife Sarah are buried there, Isaac and his wife Rebekah are buried there, and I buried Leah there.
32 The field and the cave in it were purchased from the Hethites.”
33 When Jacob had finished giving charges to his sons, he drew his feet into the bed, took his last breath, and was gathered to his people.

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Jacob's Burial
# Chapter 50
1. Then Joseph, leaning over his father's face, wept and kissed him.
2. He commanded his servants who were physicians to embalm his father. So they embalmed Israel.
3. They took forty days to complete this, for embalming takes that long, and the Egyptians mourned for him seventy days.
4. When the days of mourning were over, Joseph said to Pharaoh's household, "If I have found favor with you, please tell Pharaoh that
5. my father made me take an oath, saying, 'I am about to die. You must bury me there in the tomb that I made for myself in the land of Canaan.' Now let me go and bury my father. Then I will return."
6. So Pharaoh said, "Go and bury your father in keeping with your oath."
7. Then Joseph went to bury his father, and all Pharaoh's servants, the elders of his household, and all the elders of the land of Egypt went with him,
8. along with all Joseph's family, his brothers, and his father's family. Only their dependents, their flocks, and their herds were left in the land of Goshen.
9. Horses and chariots went up with him; it was a very impressive procession.
10. When they reached the threshing floor of Atad, which is across the Jordan, they lamented and wept loudly, and Joseph mourned seven days for his father.
11. When the Canaanite inhabitants of the land saw the mourning at the threshing floor of Atad, they said, "This is a solemn mourning on the part of the Egyptians." Therefore the place is named Abel-mizraim. It is across the Jordan.
12. So Jacob's sons did for him what he had commanded them.
13. They carried him to the land of Canaan and buried him in the cave at Machpelah in the field near Mamre, which Abraham had purchased as burial property from Ephron the Hethite.
14. After Joseph buried his father, he returned to Egypt with his brothers and all who had gone with him to bury his father.
Joseph's Kindness
15. When Joseph's brothers saw that their father was dead, they said to one another, "If Joseph is holding a grudge against us, he will certainly repay us for all the suffering we caused him."
16. So they sent this message to Joseph, "Before he died your father gave a command:
17. 'Say this to Joseph: Please forgive your brothers' transgression and their sin--the suffering they caused you.' Therefore, please forgive the transgression of the servants of the God of your father." Joseph wept when their message came to him.
18. His brothers also came to him, bowed down before him, and said, "We are your slaves!"
19. But Joseph said to them, "Don't be afraid. Am I in the place of God?
20. You planned evil against me; God planned it for good to bring about the present result--the survival of many people.
21. Therefore don't be afraid. I will take care of you and your children." And he comforted them and spoke kindly to them.
Joseph's Death
22. Joseph and his father's family remained in Egypt. Joseph lived 110 years.
23. He saw Ephraim's sons to the third generation; the sons of Manasseh's son Machir were recognized by Joseph.
24. Joseph said to his brothers, "I am about to die, but God will certainly come to your aid and bring you up from this land to the land he swore to give to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob."
25. So Joseph made the sons of Israel take an oath: "When God comes to your aid, you are to carry my bones up from here."
26. Joseph died at the age of 110. They embalmed him and placed him in a coffin in Egypt.
1 Then Joseph, leaning over his father’s face, wept and kissed him.
2 He commanded his servants who were physicians to embalm his father. So they embalmed Israel.
3 They took forty days to complete this, for embalming takes that long, and the Egyptians mourned for him seventy days.
4 When the days of mourning were over, Joseph said to Pharaoh’s household, “If I have found favor with you, please tell Pharaoh that
5 my father made me take an oath, saying, ‘I am about to die. You must bury me there in the tomb that I made for myself in the land of Canaan.’ Now let me go and bury my father. Then I will return.”
6 So Pharaoh said, “Go and bury your father in keeping with your oath.”
7 Then Joseph went to bury his father, and all Pharaoh’s servants, the elders of his household, and all the elders of the land of Egypt went with him,
8 along with all Joseph’s family, his brothers, and his father’s family. Only their dependents, their flocks, and their herds were left in the land of Goshen.
9 Horses and chariots went up with him; it was a very impressive procession.
10 When they reached the threshing floor of Atad, which is across the Jordan, they lamented and wept loudly, and Joseph mourned seven days for his father.
11 When the Canaanite inhabitants of the land saw the mourning at the threshing floor of Atad, they said, “This is a solemn mourning on the part of the Egyptians.” Therefore the place is named Abel-mizraim. It is across the Jordan.
12 So Jacob’s sons did for him what he had commanded them.
13 They carried him to the land of Canaan and buried him in the cave at Machpelah in the field near Mamre, which Abraham had purchased as burial property from Ephron the Hethite.
14 After Joseph buried his father, he returned to Egypt with his brothers and all who had gone with him to bury his father.
15 When Joseph’s brothers saw that their father was dead, they said to one another, “If Joseph is holding a grudge against us, he will certainly repay us for all the suffering we caused him.”
16 So they sent this message to Joseph, “Before he died your father gave a command:
17 ‘Say this to Joseph: Please forgive your brothers’ transgression and their sin—the suffering they caused you.’ Therefore, please forgive the transgression of the servants of the God of your father.” Joseph wept when their message came to him.
18 His brothers also came to him, bowed down before him, and said, “We are your slaves!”
19 But Joseph said to them, “Don’t be afraid. Am I in the place of God?
20 You planned evil against me; God planned it for good to bring about the present result—the survival of many people.
21 Therefore don’t be afraid. I will take care of you and your children.” And he comforted them and spoke kindly to them.
22 Joseph and his father’s family remained in Egypt. Joseph lived 110 years.
23 He saw Ephraim’s sons to the third generation; the sons of Manasseh’s son Machir were recognized by Joseph.
24 Joseph said to his brothers, “I am about to die, but God will certainly come to your aid and bring you up from this land to the land he swore to give to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.”
25 So Joseph made the sons of Israel take an oath: “When God comes to your aid, you are to carry my bones up from here.”
26 Joseph died at the age of 110. They embalmed him and placed him in a coffin in Egypt.

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Israel Oppressed in Egypt
# Chapter 1
1. These are the names of the sons of Israel who came to Egypt with Jacob; each came with his family:
2. Reuben, Simeon, Levi, and Judah;
3. Issachar, Zebulun, and Benjamin;
4. Dan and Naphtali; Gad and Asher.
5. The total number of Jacob's descendants was seventy; Joseph was already in Egypt.
6. Joseph and all his brothers and all that generation eventually died.
7. But the Israelites were fruitful, increased rapidly, multiplied, and became extremely numerous so that the land was filled with them.
8. A new king, who did not know about Joseph, came to power in Egypt.
9. He said to his people, "Look, the Israelite people are more numerous and powerful than we are.
10. Come, let's deal shrewdly with them; otherwise they will multiply further, and when war breaks out, they will join our enemies, fight against us, and leave the country."
11. So the Egyptians assigned taskmasters over the Israelites to oppress them with forced labor. They built Pithom and Rameses as supply cities for Pharaoh.
12. But the more they oppressed them, the more they multiplied and spread so that the Egyptians came to dread the Israelites.
13. They worked the Israelites ruthlessly
14. and made their lives bitter with difficult labor in brick and mortar and in all kinds of fieldwork. They ruthlessly imposed all this work on them.
15. The king of Egypt said to the Hebrew midwives--the first, whose name was Shiphrah, and the second, whose name was Puah--
16. "When you help the Hebrew women give birth, observe them as they deliver. If the child is a son, kill him, but if it's a daughter, she may live."
17. The midwives, however, feared God and did not do as the king of Egypt had told them; they let the boys live.
18. So the king of Egypt summoned the midwives and asked them, "Why have you done this and let the boys live?"
19. The midwives said to Pharaoh, "The Hebrew women are not like the Egyptian women, for they are vigorous and give birth before the midwife can get to them."
20. So God was good to the midwives, and the people multiplied and became very numerous.
21. Since the midwives feared God, he gave them families.
22. Pharaoh then commanded all his people, "You must throw every son born to the Hebrews into the Nile, but let every daughter live."
1 These are the names of the sons of Israel who came to Egypt with Jacob; each came with his family:
2 Reuben, Simeon, Levi, and Judah;
3 Issachar, Zebulun, and Benjamin;
4 Dan and Naphtali; Gad and Asher.
5 The total number of Jacob’s descendants was seventy; Joseph was already in Egypt.
6 Joseph and all his brothers and all that generation eventually died.
7 But the Israelites were fruitful, increased rapidly, multiplied, and became extremely numerous so that the land was filled with them.
8 A new king, who did not know about Joseph, came to power in Egypt.
9 He said to his people, “Look, the Israelite people are more numerous and powerful than we are.
10 Come, let’s deal shrewdly with them; otherwise they will multiply further, and when war breaks out, they will join our enemies, fight against us, and leave the country.”
11 So the Egyptians assigned taskmasters over the Israelites to oppress them with forced labor. They built Pithom and Rameses as supply cities for Pharaoh.
12 But the more they oppressed them, the more they multiplied and spread so that the Egyptians came to dread the Israelites.
13 They worked the Israelites ruthlessly
14 and made their lives bitter with difficult labor in brick and mortar and in all kinds of fieldwork. They ruthlessly imposed all this work on them.
15 The king of Egypt said to the Hebrew midwives—the first, whose name was Shiphrah, and the second, whose name was Puah—
16 “When you help the Hebrew women give birth, observe them as they deliver. If the child is a son, kill him, but if it’s a daughter, she may live.”
17 The midwives, however, feared God and did not do as the king of Egypt had told them; they let the boys live.
18 So the king of Egypt summoned the midwives and asked them, “Why have you done this and let the boys live?”
19 The midwives said to Pharaoh, “The Hebrew women are not like the Egyptian women, for they are vigorous and give birth before the midwife can get to them.”
20 So God was good to the midwives, and the people multiplied and became very numerous.
21 Since the midwives feared God, he gave them families.
22 Pharaoh then commanded all his people, “You must throw every son born to the Hebrews into the Nile, but let every daughter live.”

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Moses's Birth and Adoption
# Chapter 2
1. Now a man from the family of Levi married a Levite woman.
2. The woman became pregnant and gave birth to a son; when she saw that he was beautiful, she hid him for three months.
3. But when she could no longer hide him, she got a papyrus basket for him and coated it with asphalt and pitch. She placed the child in it and set it among the reeds by the bank of the Nile.
4. Then his sister stood at a distance in order to see what would happen to him.
5. Pharaoh's daughter went down to bathe at the Nile while her servant girls walked along the riverbank. She saw the basket among the reeds, sent her slave girl, took it,
6. opened it, and saw him, the child--and there he was, a little boy, crying. She felt sorry for him and said, "This is one of the Hebrew boys."
7. Then his sister said to Pharaoh's daughter, "Should I go and call a Hebrew woman who is nursing to nurse the boy for you?"
8. "Go," Pharaoh's daughter told her. So the girl went and called the boy's mother.
9. Then Pharaoh's daughter said to her, "Take this child and nurse him for me, and I will pay your wages." So the woman took the boy and nursed him.
10. When the child grew older, she brought him to Pharaoh's daughter, and he became her son. She named him Moses, "Because," she said, "I drew him out of the water."
Moses in Midian
11. Years later, after Moses had grown up, he went out to his own people and observed their forced labor. He saw an Egyptian striking a Hebrew, one of his people.
12. Looking all around and seeing no one, he struck the Egyptian dead and hid him in the sand.
13. The next day he went out and saw two Hebrews fighting. He asked the one in the wrong, "Why are you attacking your neighbor?"
14. "Who made you a commander and judge over us?" the man replied. "Are you planning to kill me as you killed the Egyptian?"
Then Moses became afraid and thought, "What I did is certainly known."
15. When Pharaoh heard about this, he tried to kill Moses. But Moses fled from Pharaoh and went to live in the land of Midian, and sat down by a well.
16. Now the priest of Midian had seven daughters. They came to draw water and filled the troughs to water their father's flock.
17. Then some shepherds arrived and drove them away, but Moses came to their rescue and watered their flock.
18. When they returned to their father Reuel, he asked, "Why have you come back so quickly today?"
19. They answered, "An Egyptian rescued us from the shepherds. He even drew water for us and watered the flock."
20. "So where is he?" he asked his daughters. "Why then did you leave the man behind? Invite him to eat dinner."
21. Moses agreed to stay with the man, and he gave his daughter Zipporah to Moses in marriage.
22. She gave birth to a son whom he named Gershom, for he said, "I have been a resident alien in a foreign land."
23. After a long time, the king of Egypt died. The Israelites groaned because of their difficult labor, they cried out, and their cry for help because of the difficult labor ascended to God.
24. God heard their groaning, and God remembered his covenant with Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob.
25. God saw the Israelites, and God knew.
1 Now a man from the family of Levi married a Levite woman.
2 The woman became pregnant and gave birth to a son; when she saw that he was beautiful, she hid him for three months.
3 But when she could no longer hide him, she got a papyrus basket for him and coated it with asphalt and pitch. She placed the child in it and set it among the reeds by the bank of the Nile.
4 Then his sister stood at a distance in order to see what would happen to him.
5 Pharaoh’s daughter went down to bathe at the Nile while her servant girls walked along the riverbank. She saw the basket among the reeds, sent her slave girl, took it,
6 opened it, and saw him, the child—and there he was, a little boy, crying. She felt sorry for him and said, “This is one of the Hebrew boys.”
7 Then his sister said to Pharaoh’s daughter, “Should I go and call a Hebrew woman who is nursing to nurse the boy for you?”
8 “Go,” Pharaoh’s daughter told her. So the girl went and called the boy’s mother.
9 Then Pharaoh’s daughter said to her, “Take this child and nurse him for me, and I will pay your wages.” So the woman took the boy and nursed him.
10 When the child grew older, she brought him to Pharaoh’s daughter, and he became her son. She named him Moses, “Because,” she said, “I drew him out of the water.”
11 Years later, after Moses had grown up, he went out to his own people and observed their forced labor. He saw an Egyptian striking a Hebrew, one of his people.
12 Looking all around and seeing no one, he struck the Egyptian dead and hid him in the sand.
13 The next day he went out and saw two Hebrews fighting. He asked the one in the wrong, “Why are you attacking your neighbor?”
14 “Who made you a commander and judge over us?” the man replied. “Are you planning to kill me as you killed the Egyptian?”
Then Moses became afraid and thought, “What I did is certainly known.”
15 When Pharaoh heard about this, he tried to kill Moses. But Moses fled from Pharaoh and went to live in the land of Midian, and sat down by a well.
16 Now the priest of Midian had seven daughters. They came to draw water and filled the troughs to water their father’s flock.
17 Then some shepherds arrived and drove them away, but Moses came to their rescue and watered their flock.
18 When they returned to their father Reuel, he asked, “Why have you come back so quickly today?”
19 They answered, “An Egyptian rescued us from the shepherds. He even drew water for us and watered the flock.”
20 “So where is he?” he asked his daughters. “Why then did you leave the man behind? Invite him to eat dinner.”
21 Moses agreed to stay with the man, and he gave his daughter Zipporah to Moses in marriage.
22 She gave birth to a son whom he named Gershom, for he said, “I have been a resident alien in a foreign land.”
23 After a long time, the king of Egypt died. The Israelites groaned because of their difficult labor, they cried out, and their cry for help because of the difficult labor ascended to God.
24 God heard their groaning, and God remembered his covenant with Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob.
25 God saw the Israelites, and God knew.

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Moses and the Burning Bush
# Chapter 3
1. Meanwhile, Moses was shepherding the flock of his father-in-law Jethro, the priest of Midian. He led the flock to the far side of the wilderness and came to Horeb, the mountain of God.
2. Then the angel of the Lord appeared to him in a flame of fire within a bush. As Moses looked, he saw that the bush was on fire but was not consumed.
3. So Moses thought, "I must go over and look at this remarkable sight. Why isn't the bush burning up?"
4. When the Lord saw that he had gone over to look, God called out to him from the bush, "Moses, Moses!"
"Here I am," he answered.
5. "Do not come closer," he said. "Remove the sandals from your feet, for the place where you are standing is holy ground."
6. Then he continued, "I am the God of your father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob." Moses hid his face because he was afraid to look at God.
7. Then the Lord said, "I have observed the misery of my people in Egypt, and have heard them crying out because of their oppressors. I know about their sufferings,
8. and I have come down to rescue them from the power of the Egyptians and to bring them from that land to a good and spacious land, a land flowing with milk and honey--the territory of the Canaanites, Hethites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites.
9. So because the Israelites' cry for help has come to me, and I have also seen the way the Egyptians are oppressing them,
10. therefore, go. I am sending you to Pharaoh so that you may lead my people, the Israelites, out of Egypt."
11. But Moses asked God, "Who am I that I should go to Pharaoh and that I should bring the Israelites out of Egypt?"
12. He answered, "I will certainly be with you, and this will be the sign to you that I am the one who sent you: when you bring the people out of Egypt, you will all worship God at this mountain."
13. Then Moses asked God, "If I go to the Israelites and say to them, 'The God of your ancestors has sent me to you,' and they ask me, 'What is his name?' what should I tell them?"
14. God replied to Moses, "I AM WHO I AM. This is what you are to say to the Israelites: I AM has sent me to you."
15. God also said to Moses, "Say this to the Israelites: The Lord, the God of your ancestors, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, has sent me to you. This is my name forever; this is how I am to be remembered in every generation.
16. "Go and assemble the elders of Israel and say to them: The Lord, the God of your ancestors, the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, has appeared to me and said: I have paid close attention to you and to what has been done to you in Egypt.
17. And I have promised you that I will bring you up from the misery of Egypt to the land of the Canaanites, Hethites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites--a land flowing with milk and honey.
18. They will listen to what you say. Then you, along with the elders of Israel, must go to the king of Egypt and say to him: The Lord, the God of the Hebrews, has met with us. Now please let us go on a three-day trip into the wilderness so that we may sacrifice to the Lord our God.
19. "However, I know that the king of Egypt will not allow you to go, even under force from a strong hand.
20. But when I stretch out my hand and strike Egypt with all my miracles that I will perform in it, after that, he will let you go.
21. And I will give these people such favor with the Egyptians that when you go, you will not go empty-handed.
22. Each woman will ask her neighbor and any woman staying in her house for silver and gold jewelry, and clothing, and you will put them on your sons and daughters. So you will plunder the Egyptians."
1 Meanwhile, Moses was shepherding the flock of his father-in-law Jethro, the priest of Midian. He led the flock to the far side of the wilderness and came to Horeb, the mountain of God.
2 Then the angel of the Lord appeared to him in a flame of fire within a bush. As Moses looked, he saw that the bush was on fire but was not consumed.
3 So Moses thought, “I must go over and look at this remarkable sight. Why isn’t the bush burning up?”
4 When the Lord saw that he had gone over to look, God called out to him from the bush, “Moses, Moses!”
“Here I am,” he answered.
5 “Do not come closer,” he said. “Remove the sandals from your feet, for the place where you are standing is holy ground.”
6 Then he continued, “I am the God of your father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.” Moses hid his face because he was afraid to look at God.
7 Then the Lord said, “I have observed the misery of my people in Egypt, and have heard them crying out because of their oppressors. I know about their sufferings,
8 and I have come down to rescue them from the power of the Egyptians and to bring them from that land to a good and spacious land, a land flowing with milk and honey—the territory of the Canaanites, Hethites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites.
9 So because the Israelites’ cry for help has come to me, and I have also seen the way the Egyptians are oppressing them,
10 therefore, go. I am sending you to Pharaoh so that you may lead my people, the Israelites, out of Egypt.”
11 But Moses asked God, “Who am I that I should go to Pharaoh and that I should bring the Israelites out of Egypt?”
12 He answered, “I will certainly be with you, and this will be the sign to you that I am the one who sent you: when you bring the people out of Egypt, you will all worship God at this mountain.”
13 Then Moses asked God, “If I go to the Israelites and say to them, ‘The God of your ancestors has sent me to you,’ and they ask me, ‘What is his name?’ what should I tell them?”
14 God replied to Moses, “I AM WHO I AM. This is what you are to say to the Israelites: I AM has sent me to you.”
15 God also said to Moses, “Say this to the Israelites: The Lord, the God of your ancestors, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, has sent me to you. This is my name forever; this is how I am to be remembered in every generation.
16 “Go and assemble the elders of Israel and say to them: The Lord, the God of your ancestors, the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, has appeared to me and said: I have paid close attention to you and to what has been done to you in Egypt.
17 And I have promised you that I will bring you up from the misery of Egypt to the land of the Canaanites, Hethites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites—a land flowing with milk and honey.
18 They will listen to what you say. Then you, along with the elders of Israel, must go to the king of Egypt and say to him: The Lord, the God of the Hebrews, has met with us. Now please let us go on a three-day trip into the wilderness so that we may sacrifice to the Lord our God.
19 “However, I know that the king of Egypt will not allow you to go, even under force from a strong hand.
20 But when I stretch out my hand and strike Egypt with all my miracles that I will perform in it, after that, he will let you go.
21 And I will give these people such favor with the Egyptians that when you go, you will not go empty-handed.
22 Each woman will ask her neighbor and any woman staying in her house for silver and gold jewelry, and clothing, and you will put them on your sons and daughters. So you will plunder the Egyptians.”

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Miraculous Signs for Moses
# Chapter 4
1. Moses answered, "What if they won't believe me and will not obey me but say, 'The Lord did not appear to you'?"
2. The Lord asked him, "What is that in your hand?"
"A staff," he replied.
3. "Throw it on the ground," he said. So Moses threw it on the ground, it became a snake, and he ran from it.
4. The Lord told Moses, "Stretch out your hand and grab it by the tail." So he stretched out his hand and caught it, and it became a staff in his hand.
5. "This will take place," he continued, "so that they will believe that the Lord, the God of their ancestors, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, has appeared to you."
6. In addition the Lord said to him, "Put your hand inside your cloak." So he put his hand inside his cloak, and when he took it out, his hand was diseased, resembling snow.
7. "Put your hand back inside your cloak," he said. So he put his hand back inside his cloak, and when he took it out, it had again become like the rest of his skin.
8. "If they will not believe you and will not respond to the evidence of the first sign, they may believe the evidence of the second sign.
9. And if they don't believe even these two signs or listen to what you say, take some water from the Nile and pour it on the dry ground. The water you take from the Nile will become blood on the ground."
10. But Moses replied to the Lord, "Please, Lord, I have never been eloquent--either in the past or recently or since you have been speaking to your servant--because my mouth and my tongue are sluggish."
11. The Lord said to him, "Who placed a mouth on humans? Who makes a person mute or deaf, seeing or blind? Is it not I, the Lord?
12. Now go! I will help you speak and I will teach you what to say."
13. Moses said, "Please, Lord, send someone else."
14. Then the Lord's anger burned against Moses, and he said, "Isn't Aaron the Levite your brother? I know that he can speak well. And also, he is on his way now to meet you. He will rejoice when he sees you.
15. You will speak with him and tell him what to say. I will help both you and him to speak and will teach you both what to do.
16. He will speak to the people for you. He will serve as a mouth for you, and you will serve as God to him.
17. And take this staff in your hand that you will perform the signs with."
Moses's Return to Egypt
18. Then Moses went back to his father-in-law, Jethro, and said to him, "Please let me return to my relatives in Egypt and see if they are still living."
Jethro said to Moses, "Go in peace."
19. Now in Midian the Lord told Moses, "Return to Egypt, for all the men who wanted to kill you are dead."
20. So Moses took his wife and sons, put them on a donkey, and returned to the land of Egypt. And Moses took God's staff in his hand.
21. The Lord instructed Moses, "When you go back to Egypt, make sure you do before Pharaoh all the wonders that I have put within your power. But I will harden his heart so that he won't let the people go.
22. And you will say to Pharaoh: This is what the Lord says: Israel is my firstborn son.
23. I told you: Let my son go so that he may worship me, but you refused to let him go. Look, I am about to kill your firstborn son!"
24. On the trip, at an overnight campsite, it happened that the Lord confronted him and intended to put him to death.
25. So Zipporah took a flint, cut off her son's foreskin, threw it at Moses's feet, and said, "You are a bridegroom of blood to me!"
26. So he let him alone. At that time she said, "You are a bridegroom of blood," referring to the circumcision.
Reunion of Moses and Aaron
27. Now the Lord had said to Aaron, "Go and meet Moses in the wilderness." So he went and met him at the mountain of God and kissed him.
28. Moses told Aaron everything the Lord had sent him to say, and about all the signs he had commanded him to do.
29. Then Moses and Aaron went and assembled all the elders of the Israelites.
30. Aaron repeated everything the Lord had said to Moses and performed the signs before the people.
31. The people believed, and when they heard that the Lord had paid attention to them and that he had seen their misery, they knelt low and worshiped.
1 Moses answered, “What if they won’t believe me and will not obey me but say, ‘The Lord did not appear to you’?”
2 The Lord asked him, “What is that in your hand?”
“A staff,” he replied.
3 “Throw it on the ground,” he said. So Moses threw it on the ground, it became a snake, and he ran from it.
4 The Lord told Moses, “Stretch out your hand and grab it by the tail.” So he stretched out his hand and caught it, and it became a staff in his hand.
5 “This will take place,” he continued, “so that they will believe that the Lord, the God of their ancestors, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, has appeared to you.”
6 In addition the Lord said to him, “Put your hand inside your cloak.” So he put his hand inside his cloak, and when he took it out, his hand was diseased, resembling snow.
7 “Put your hand back inside your cloak,” he said. So he put his hand back inside his cloak, and when he took it out, it had again become like the rest of his skin.
8 “If they will not believe you and will not respond to the evidence of the first sign, they may believe the evidence of the second sign.
9 And if they don’t believe even these two signs or listen to what you say, take some water from the Nile and pour it on the dry ground. The water you take from the Nile will become blood on the ground.”
10 But Moses replied to the Lord, “Please, Lord, I have never been eloquent—either in the past or recently or since you have been speaking to your servant—because my mouth and my tongue are sluggish.”
11 The Lord said to him, “Who placed a mouth on humans? Who makes a person mute or deaf, seeing or blind? Is it not I, the Lord?
12 Now go! I will help you speak and I will teach you what to say.”
13 Moses said, “Please, Lord, send someone else.”
14 Then the Lord’s anger burned against Moses, and he said, “Isn’t Aaron the Levite your brother? I know that he can speak well. And also, he is on his way now to meet you. He will rejoice when he sees you.
15 You will speak with him and tell him what to say. I will help both you and him to speak and will teach you both what to do.
16 He will speak to the people for you. He will serve as a mouth for you, and you will serve as God to him.
17 And take this staff in your hand that you will perform the signs with.”
18 Then Moses went back to his father-in-law, Jethro, and said to him, “Please let me return to my relatives in Egypt and see if they are still living.”
Jethro said to Moses, “Go in peace.”
19 Now in Midian the Lord told Moses, “Return to Egypt, for all the men who wanted to kill you are dead.”
20 So Moses took his wife and sons, put them on a donkey, and returned to the land of Egypt. And Moses took God’s staff in his hand.
21 The Lord instructed Moses, “When you go back to Egypt, make sure you do before Pharaoh all the wonders that I have put within your power. But I will harden his heart so that he won’t let the people go.
22 And you will say to Pharaoh: This is what the Lord says: Israel is my firstborn son.
23 I told you: Let my son go so that he may worship me, but you refused to let him go. Look, I am about to kill your firstborn son!”
24 On the trip, at an overnight campsite, it happened that the Lord confronted him and intended to put him to death.
25 So Zipporah took a flint, cut off her son’s foreskin, threw it at Moses’s feet, and said, “You are a bridegroom of blood to me!”
26 So he let him alone. At that time she said, “You are a bridegroom of blood,” referring to the circumcision.
27 Now the Lord had said to Aaron, “Go and meet Moses in the wilderness.” So he went and met him at the mountain of God and kissed him.
28 Moses told Aaron everything the Lord had sent him to say, and about all the signs he had commanded him to do.
29 Then Moses and Aaron went and assembled all the elders of the Israelites.
30 Aaron repeated everything the Lord had said to Moses and performed the signs before the people.
31 The people believed, and when they heard that the Lord had paid attention to them and that he had seen their misery, they knelt low and worshiped.

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Moses Confronts Pharaoh
# Chapter 5
1. Later, Moses and Aaron went in and said to Pharaoh, "This is what the Lord, the God of Israel, says: Let my people go, so that they may hold a festival for me in the wilderness."
2. But Pharaoh responded, "Who is the Lord that I should obey him by letting Israel go? I don't know the Lord, and besides, I will not let Israel go."
3. They answered, "The God of the Hebrews has met with us. Please let us go on a three-day trip into the wilderness so that we may sacrifice to the Lord our God, or else he may strike us with plague or sword."
4. The king of Egypt said to them, "Moses and Aaron, why are you causing the people to neglect their work? Get to your labor!"
5. Pharaoh also said, "Look, the people of the land are so numerous, and you would stop them from their labor."
Further Oppression of Israel
6. That day Pharaoh commanded the overseers of the people as well as their foremen,
7. "Don't continue to supply the people with straw for making bricks, as before. They must go and gather straw for themselves.
8. But require the same quota of bricks from them as they were making before; do not reduce it. For they are slackers--that is why they are crying out, 'Let us go and sacrifice to our God.'
9. Impose heavier work on the men. Then they will be occupied with it and not pay attention to deceptive words."
10. So the overseers and foremen of the people went out and said to them, "This is what Pharaoh says: 'I am not giving you straw.
11. Go get straw yourselves wherever you can find it, but there will be no reduction at all in your workload.'"
12. So the people scattered throughout the land of Egypt to gather stubble for straw.
13. The overseers insisted, "Finish your assigned work each day, just as you did when straw was provided."
14. Then the Israelite foremen, whom Pharaoh's slave drivers had set over the people, were beaten and asked, "Why haven't you finished making your prescribed number of bricks yesterday or today, as you did before?"
15. So the Israelite foremen went in and cried for help to Pharaoh: "Why are you treating your servants this way?
16. No straw has been given to your servants, yet they say to us, 'Make bricks!' Look, your servants are being beaten, but it is your own people who are at fault."
17. But he said, "You are slackers. Slackers! That is why you are saying, 'Let us go sacrifice to the Lord.'
18. Now get to work. No straw will be given to you, but you must produce the same quantity of bricks."
19. The Israelite foremen saw that they were in trouble when they were told, "You cannot reduce your daily quota of bricks."
20. When they left Pharaoh, they confronted Moses and Aaron, who stood waiting to meet them.
21. "May the Lord take note of you and judge," they said to them, "because you have made us reek to Pharaoh and his officials--putting a sword in their hand to kill us!"
22. So Moses went back to the Lord and asked, "Lord, why have you caused trouble for this people? And why did you ever send me?
23. Ever since I went in to Pharaoh to speak in your name he has caused trouble for this people, and you haven't rescued your people at all."
1 Later, Moses and Aaron went in and said to Pharaoh, “This is what the Lord, the God of Israel, says: Let my people go, so that they may hold a festival for me in the wilderness.”
2 But Pharaoh responded, “Who is the Lord that I should obey him by letting Israel go? I don’t know the Lord, and besides, I will not let Israel go.”
3 They answered, “The God of the Hebrews has met with us. Please let us go on a three-day trip into the wilderness so that we may sacrifice to the Lord our God, or else he may strike us with plague or sword.”
4 The king of Egypt said to them, “Moses and Aaron, why are you causing the people to neglect their work? Get to your labor!”
5 Pharaoh also said, “Look, the people of the land are so numerous, and you would stop them from their labor.”
6 That day Pharaoh commanded the overseers of the people as well as their foremen,
7 “Don’t continue to supply the people with straw for making bricks, as before. They must go and gather straw for themselves.
8 But require the same quota of bricks from them as they were making before; do not reduce it. For they are slackers—that is why they are crying out, ‘Let us go and sacrifice to our God.’
9 Impose heavier work on the men. Then they will be occupied with it and not pay attention to deceptive words.”
10 So the overseers and foremen of the people went out and said to them, “This is what Pharaoh says: ‘I am not giving you straw.
11 Go get straw yourselves wherever you can find it, but there will be no reduction at all in your workload.’”
12 So the people scattered throughout the land of Egypt to gather stubble for straw.
13 The overseers insisted, “Finish your assigned work each day, just as you did when straw was provided.”
14 Then the Israelite foremen, whom Pharaoh’s slave drivers had set over the people, were beaten and asked, “Why haven’t you finished making your prescribed number of bricks yesterday or today, as you did before?”
15 So the Israelite foremen went in and cried for help to Pharaoh: “Why are you treating your servants this way?
16 No straw has been given to your servants, yet they say to us, ‘Make bricks!’ Look, your servants are being beaten, but it is your own people who are at fault.”
17 But he said, “You are slackers. Slackers! That is why you are saying, ‘Let us go sacrifice to the Lord.’
18 Now get to work. No straw will be given to you, but you must produce the same quantity of bricks.”
19 The Israelite foremen saw that they were in trouble when they were told, “You cannot reduce your daily quota of bricks.”
20 When they left Pharaoh, they confronted Moses and Aaron, who stood waiting to meet them.
21 “May the Lord take note of you and judge,” they said to them, “because you have made us reek to Pharaoh and his officials—putting a sword in their hand to kill us!”
22 So Moses went back to the Lord and asked, “Lord, why have you caused trouble for this people? And why did you ever send me?
23 Ever since I went in to Pharaoh to speak in your name he has caused trouble for this people, and you haven’t rescued your people at all.”

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# Chapter 6
1. But the Lord replied to Moses, "Now you will see what I will do to Pharaoh: because of a strong hand he will let them go, and because of a strong hand he will drive them from his land."
God Promises Freedom
2. Then God spoke to Moses, telling him, "I am the Lord.
3. I appeared to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob as God Almighty, but I was not known to them by my name 'the Lord.'
4. I also established my covenant with them to give them the land of Canaan, the land they lived in as aliens.
5. Furthermore, I have heard the groaning of the Israelites, whom the Egyptians are forcing to work as slaves, and I have remembered my covenant.
6. "Therefore tell the Israelites: I am the Lord, and I will bring you out from the forced labor of the Egyptians and rescue you from slavery to them. I will redeem you with an outstretched arm and great acts of judgment.
7. I will take you as my people, and I will be your God. You will know that I am the Lord your God, who brought you out from the forced labor of the Egyptians.
8. I will bring you to the land that I swore to give to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and I will give it to you as a possession. I am the Lord."
9. Moses told this to the Israelites, but they did not listen to him because of their broken spirit and hard labor.
10. Then the Lord spoke to Moses,
11. "Go and tell Pharaoh king of Egypt to let the Israelites go from his land."
12. But Moses said in the Lord's presence, "If the Israelites will not listen to me, then how will Pharaoh listen to me, since I am such a poor speaker?"
13. Then the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron and gave them commands concerning both the Israelites and Pharaoh king of Egypt to bring the Israelites out of the land of Egypt.
Genealogy of Moses and Aaron
14. These are the heads of their fathers' families:
1 But the Lord replied to Moses, “Now you will see what I will do to Pharaoh: because of a strong hand he will let them go, and because of a strong hand he will drive them from his land.”
2 Then God spoke to Moses, telling him, “I am the Lord.
3 I appeared to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob as God Almighty, but I was not known to them by my name ‘the Lord.’
4 I also established my covenant with them to give them the land of Canaan, the land they lived in as aliens.
5 Furthermore, I have heard the groaning of the Israelites, whom the Egyptians are forcing to work as slaves, and I have remembered my covenant.
6 “Therefore tell the Israelites: I am the Lord, and I will bring you out from the forced labor of the Egyptians and rescue you from slavery to them. I will redeem you with an outstretched arm and great acts of judgment.
7 I will take you as my people, and I will be your God. You will know that I am the Lord your God, who brought you out from the forced labor of the Egyptians.
8 I will bring you to the land that I swore to give to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and I will give it to you as a possession. I am the Lord.”
9 Moses told this to the Israelites, but they did not listen to him because of their broken spirit and hard labor.
10 Then the Lord spoke to Moses,
11 “Go and tell Pharaoh king of Egypt to let the Israelites go from his land.”
12 But Moses said in the Lord’s presence, “If the Israelites will not listen to me, then how will Pharaoh listen to me, since I am such a poor speaker?”
13 Then the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron and gave them commands concerning both the Israelites and Pharaoh king of Egypt to bring the Israelites out of the land of Egypt.
14 These are the heads of their fathers’ families:
The sons of Reuben, the firstborn of Israel:
Hanoch and Pallu, Hezron and Carmi.
These are the clans of Reuben.
15. The sons of Simeon:
15 The sons of Simeon:
Jemuel, Jamin, Ohad, Jachin,
Zohar, and Shaul, the son of a Canaanite woman.
These are the clans of Simeon.
16. These are the names of the sons of Levi
16 These are the names of the sons of Levi
according to their family records;
Gershon, Kohath, and Merari.
Levi lived 137 years.
17. The sons of Gershon:
17 The sons of Gershon:
Libni and Shimei, by their clans.
18. The sons of Kohath:
18 The sons of Kohath:
Amram, Izhar, Hebron, and Uzziel.
Kohath lived 133 years.
19. The sons of Merari:
19 The sons of Merari:
Mahli and Mushi.
These are the clans of the Levites
according to their family records.
20. Amram married his father's sister Jochebed,
20 Amram married his father’s sister Jochebed,
and she bore him Aaron and Moses.
Amram lived 137 years.
21. The sons of Izhar:
21 The sons of Izhar:
Korah, Nepheg, and Zichri.
22. The sons of Uzziel:
22 The sons of Uzziel:
Mishael, Elzaphan, and Sithri.
23. Aaron married Elisheba,
23 Aaron married Elisheba,
daughter of Amminadab and sister of Nahshon.
She bore him Nadab and Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar.
24. The sons of Korah:
24 The sons of Korah:
Assir, Elkanah, and Abiasaph.
These are the clans of the Korahites.
25. Aaron's son Eleazar married
25 Aaron’s son Eleazar married
one of the daughters of Putiel,
and she bore him Phinehas.
These are the heads of the Levite families by their clans.
26. It was this Aaron and Moses whom the Lord told, "Bring the Israelites out of the land of Egypt according to their military divisions."
27. Moses and Aaron were the ones who spoke to Pharaoh king of Egypt in order to bring the Israelites out of Egypt.
Moses and Aaron before Pharaoh
28. On the day the Lord spoke to Moses in the land of Egypt,
29. he said to him, "I am the Lord; tell Pharaoh king of Egypt everything I am telling you."
30. But Moses replied in the Lord's presence, "Since I am such a poor speaker, how will Pharaoh listen to me?"
26 It was this Aaron and Moses whom the Lord told, “Bring the Israelites out of the land of Egypt according to their military divisions.”
27 Moses and Aaron were the ones who spoke to Pharaoh king of Egypt in order to bring the Israelites out of Egypt.
28 On the day the Lord spoke to Moses in the land of Egypt,
29 he said to him, “I am the Lord; tell Pharaoh king of Egypt everything I am telling you.”
30 But Moses replied in the Lord’s presence, “Since I am such a poor speaker, how will Pharaoh listen to me?”

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# Chapter 7
1. The Lord answered Moses, "See, I have made you like God to Pharaoh, and Aaron your brother will be your prophet.
2. You must say whatever I command you; then Aaron your brother must declare it to Pharaoh so that he will let the Israelites go from his land.
3. But I will harden Pharaoh's heart and multiply my signs and wonders in the land of Egypt.
4. Pharaoh will not listen to you, but I will put my hand into Egypt and bring the military divisions of my people the Israelites out of the land of Egypt by great acts of judgment.
5. The Egyptians will know that I am the Lord when I stretch out my hand against Egypt and bring out the Israelites from among them."
6. So Moses and Aaron did this; they did just as the Lord commanded them.
7. Moses was eighty years old and Aaron eighty-three when they spoke to Pharaoh.
8. The Lord said to Moses and Aaron,
9. "When Pharaoh tells you, 'Perform a miracle,' tell Aaron, 'Take your staff and throw it down before Pharaoh. It will become a serpent.'"
10. So Moses and Aaron went in to Pharaoh and did just as the Lord had commanded. Aaron threw down his staff before Pharaoh and his officials, and it became a serpent.
11. But then Pharaoh called the wise men and sorcerers--the magicians of Egypt, and they also did the same thing by their occult practices.
12. Each one threw down his staff, and it became a serpent. But Aaron's staff swallowed their staffs.
13. However, Pharaoh's heart was hard, and he did not listen to them, as the Lord had said.
The First Plague: Water Turned to Blood
14. Then the Lord said to Moses, "Pharaoh's heart is hard: He refuses to let the people go.
15. Go to Pharaoh in the morning. When you see him walking out to the water, stand ready to meet him by the bank of the Nile. Take in your hand the staff that turned into a snake.
16. Tell him: The Lord, the God of the Hebrews, has sent me to tell you: Let my people go, so that they may worship me in the wilderness. But so far you have not listened.
17. This is what the Lord says: Here is how you will know that I am the Lord. Watch. I am about to strike the water in the Nile with the staff in my hand, and it will turn to blood.
18. The fish in the Nile will die, the river will stink, and the Egyptians will be unable to drink water from it."
19. So the Lord said to Moses, "Tell Aaron: Take your staff and stretch out your hand over the waters of Egypt--over their rivers, canals, ponds, and all their water reservoirs--and they will become blood. There will be blood throughout the land of Egypt, even in wooden and stone containers."
20. Moses and Aaron did just as the Lord had commanded; in the sight of Pharaoh and his officials, he raised the staff and struck the water in the Nile, and all the water in the Nile was turned to blood.
21. The fish in the Nile died, and the river smelled so bad the Egyptians could not drink water from it. There was blood throughout the land of Egypt.
22. But the magicians of Egypt did the same thing by their occult practices. So Pharaoh's heart was hard, and he would not listen to them, as the Lord had said.
23. Pharaoh turned around, went into his palace, and didn't take even this to heart.
24. All the Egyptians dug around the Nile for water to drink because they could not drink the water from the river.
25. Seven days passed after the Lord struck the Nile.
1 The Lord answered Moses, “See, I have made you like God to Pharaoh, and Aaron your brother will be your prophet.
2 You must say whatever I command you; then Aaron your brother must declare it to Pharaoh so that he will let the Israelites go from his land.
3 But I will harden Pharaoh’s heart and multiply my signs and wonders in the land of Egypt.
4 Pharaoh will not listen to you, but I will put my hand into Egypt and bring the military divisions of my people the Israelites out of the land of Egypt by great acts of judgment.
5 The Egyptians will know that I am the Lord when I stretch out my hand against Egypt and bring out the Israelites from among them.”
6 So Moses and Aaron did this; they did just as the Lord commanded them.
7 Moses was eighty years old and Aaron eighty-three when they spoke to Pharaoh.
8 The Lord said to Moses and Aaron,
9 “When Pharaoh tells you, ‘Perform a miracle,’ tell Aaron, ‘Take your staff and throw it down before Pharaoh. It will become a serpent.’”
10 So Moses and Aaron went in to Pharaoh and did just as the Lord had commanded. Aaron threw down his staff before Pharaoh and his officials, and it became a serpent.
11 But then Pharaoh called the wise men and sorcerers—the magicians of Egypt, and they also did the same thing by their occult practices.
12 Each one threw down his staff, and it became a serpent. But Aaron’s staff swallowed their staffs.
13 However, Pharaoh’s heart was hard, and he did not listen to them, as the Lord had said.
14 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Pharaoh’s heart is hard: He refuses to let the people go.
15 Go to Pharaoh in the morning. When you see him walking out to the water, stand ready to meet him by the bank of the Nile. Take in your hand the staff that turned into a snake.
16 Tell him: The Lord, the God of the Hebrews, has sent me to tell you: Let my people go, so that they may worship me in the wilderness. But so far you have not listened.
17 This is what the Lord says: Here is how you will know that I am the Lord. Watch. I am about to strike the water in the Nile with the staff in my hand, and it will turn to blood.
18 The fish in the Nile will die, the river will stink, and the Egyptians will be unable to drink water from it.”
19 So the Lord said to Moses, “Tell Aaron: Take your staff and stretch out your hand over the waters of Egypt—over their rivers, canals, ponds, and all their water reservoirs—and they will become blood. There will be blood throughout the land of Egypt, even in wooden and stone containers.”
20 Moses and Aaron did just as the Lord had commanded; in the sight of Pharaoh and his officials, he raised the staff and struck the water in the Nile, and all the water in the Nile was turned to blood.
21 The fish in the Nile died, and the river smelled so bad the Egyptians could not drink water from it. There was blood throughout the land of Egypt.
22 But the magicians of Egypt did the same thing by their occult practices. So Pharaoh’s heart was hard, and he would not listen to them, as the Lord had said.
23 Pharaoh turned around, went into his palace, and didn’t take even this to heart.
24 All the Egyptians dug around the Nile for water to drink because they could not drink the water from the river.
25 Seven days passed after the Lord struck the Nile.

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The Second Plague: Frogs
# Chapter 8
1. Then the Lord said to Moses, "Go in to Pharaoh and tell him: This is what the Lord says: Let my people go, so that they may worship me.
2. But if you refuse to let them go, then I will plague all your territory with frogs.
3. The Nile will swarm with frogs; they will come up and go into your palace, into your bedroom and on your bed, into the houses of your officials and your people, and into your ovens and kneading bowls.
4. The frogs will come up on you, your people, and all your officials."
5. The Lord then said to Moses, "Tell Aaron: Stretch out your hand with your staff over the rivers, canals, and ponds, and cause the frogs to come up onto the land of Egypt."
6. When Aaron stretched out his hand over the waters of Egypt, the frogs came up and covered the land of Egypt.
7. But the magicians did the same thing by their occult practices and brought frogs up onto the land of Egypt.
8. Pharaoh summoned Moses and Aaron and said, "Appeal to the Lord to remove the frogs from me and my people. Then I will let the people go and they can sacrifice to the Lord."
9. Moses said to Pharaoh, "You may have the honor of choosing. When should I appeal on behalf of you, your officials, and your people, that the frogs be taken away from you and your houses, and remain only in the Nile?"
10. "Tomorrow," he answered.
Moses replied, "As you have said, so that you may know there is no one like the Lord our God,
11. the frogs will go away from you, your houses, your officials, and your people. The frogs will remain only in the Nile."
12. After Moses and Aaron went out from Pharaoh, Moses cried out to the Lord for help concerning the frogs that he had brought against Pharaoh.
13. The Lord did as Moses had said: the frogs in the houses, courtyards, and fields died.
14. They piled them in countless heaps, and there was a terrible odor in the land.
15. But when Pharaoh saw there was relief, he hardened his heart and would not listen to them, as the Lord had said.
The Third Plague: Gnats
16. Then the Lord said to Moses, "Tell Aaron: Stretch out your staff and strike the dust of the land, and it will become gnats throughout the land of Egypt."
17. And they did this. Aaron stretched out his hand with his staff, and when he struck the dust of the land, gnats were on people and animals. All the dust of the land became gnats throughout the land of Egypt.
18. The magicians tried to produce gnats using their occult practices, but they could not. The gnats remained on people and animals.
19. "This is the finger of God," the magicians said to Pharaoh. But Pharaoh's heart was hard, and he would not listen to them, as the Lord had said.
The Fourth Plague: Swarms of Flies
20. The Lord said to Moses, "Get up early in the morning and present yourself to Pharaoh when you see him going out to the water. Tell him: This is what the Lord says: Let my people go, so that they may worship me.
21. But if you will not let my people go, then I will send swarms of flies against you, your officials, your people, and your houses. The Egyptians' houses will swarm with flies, and so will the land where they live.
22. But on that day I will give special treatment to the land of Goshen, where my people are living; no flies will be there. This way you will know that I, the Lord, am in the land.
23. I will make a distinction between my people and your people. This sign will take place tomorrow."
24. And the Lord did this. Thick swarms of flies went into Pharaoh's palace and his officials' houses. Throughout Egypt the land was ruined because of the swarms of flies.
25. Then Pharaoh summoned Moses and Aaron and said, "Go sacrifice to your God within the country."
26. But Moses said, "It would not be right to do that, because what we will sacrifice to the Lord our God is detestable to the Egyptians. If we sacrifice what the Egyptians detest in front of them, won't they stone us?
27. We must go a distance of three days into the wilderness and sacrifice to the Lord our God as he instructs us."
28. Pharaoh responded, "I will let you go and sacrifice to the Lord your God in the wilderness, but don't go very far. Make an appeal for me."
29. "As soon as I leave you," Moses said, "I will appeal to the Lord, and tomorrow the swarms of flies will depart from Pharaoh, his officials, and his people. But Pharaoh must not act deceptively again by refusing to let the people go and sacrifice to the Lord."
30. Then Moses left Pharaoh's presence and appealed to the Lord.
31. The Lord did as Moses had said: He removed the swarms of flies from Pharaoh, his officials, and his people; not one was left.
32. But Pharaoh hardened his heart this time also and did not let the people go.
1 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Go in to Pharaoh and tell him: This is what the Lord says: Let my people go, so that they may worship me.
2 But if you refuse to let them go, then I will plague all your territory with frogs.
3 The Nile will swarm with frogs; they will come up and go into your palace, into your bedroom and on your bed, into the houses of your officials and your people, and into your ovens and kneading bowls.
4 The frogs will come up on you, your people, and all your officials.”
5 The Lord then said to Moses, “Tell Aaron: Stretch out your hand with your staff over the rivers, canals, and ponds, and cause the frogs to come up onto the land of Egypt.”
6 When Aaron stretched out his hand over the waters of Egypt, the frogs came up and covered the land of Egypt.
7 But the magicians did the same thing by their occult practices and brought frogs up onto the land of Egypt.
8 Pharaoh summoned Moses and Aaron and said, “Appeal to the Lord to remove the frogs from me and my people. Then I will let the people go and they can sacrifice to the Lord.”
9 Moses said to Pharaoh, “You may have the honor of choosing. When should I appeal on behalf of you, your officials, and your people, that the frogs be taken away from you and your houses, and remain only in the Nile?”
10 “Tomorrow,” he answered.
Moses replied, “As you have said, so that you may know there is no one like the Lord our God,
11 the frogs will go away from you, your houses, your officials, and your people. The frogs will remain only in the Nile.”
12 After Moses and Aaron went out from Pharaoh, Moses cried out to the Lord for help concerning the frogs that he had brought against Pharaoh.
13 The Lord did as Moses had said: the frogs in the houses, courtyards, and fields died.
14 They piled them in countless heaps, and there was a terrible odor in the land.
15 But when Pharaoh saw there was relief, he hardened his heart and would not listen to them, as the Lord had said.
16 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Tell Aaron: Stretch out your staff and strike the dust of the land, and it will become gnats throughout the land of Egypt.”
17 And they did this. Aaron stretched out his hand with his staff, and when he struck the dust of the land, gnats were on people and animals. All the dust of the land became gnats throughout the land of Egypt.
18 The magicians tried to produce gnats using their occult practices, but they could not. The gnats remained on people and animals.
19 “This is the finger of God,” the magicians said to Pharaoh. But Pharaoh’s heart was hard, and he would not listen to them, as the Lord had said.
20 The Lord said to Moses, “Get up early in the morning and present yourself to Pharaoh when you see him going out to the water. Tell him: This is what the Lord says: Let my people go, so that they may worship me.
21 But if you will not let my people go, then I will send swarms of flies against you, your officials, your people, and your houses. The Egyptians’ houses will swarm with flies, and so will the land where they live.
22 But on that day I will give special treatment to the land of Goshen, where my people are living; no flies will be there. This way you will know that I, the Lord, am in the land.
23 I will make a distinction between my people and your people. This sign will take place tomorrow.”
24 And the Lord did this. Thick swarms of flies went into Pharaoh’s palace and his officials’ houses. Throughout Egypt the land was ruined because of the swarms of flies.
25 Then Pharaoh summoned Moses and Aaron and said, “Go sacrifice to your God within the country.”
26 But Moses said, “It would not be right to do that, because what we will sacrifice to the Lord our God is detestable to the Egyptians. If we sacrifice what the Egyptians detest in front of them, won’t they stone us?
27 We must go a distance of three days into the wilderness and sacrifice to the Lord our God as he instructs us.”
28 Pharaoh responded, “I will let you go and sacrifice to the Lord your God in the wilderness, but don’t go very far. Make an appeal for me.”
29 “As soon as I leave you,” Moses said, “I will appeal to the Lord, and tomorrow the swarms of flies will depart from Pharaoh, his officials, and his people. But Pharaoh must not act deceptively again by refusing to let the people go and sacrifice to the Lord.”
30 Then Moses left Pharaoh’s presence and appealed to the Lord.
31 The Lord did as Moses had said: He removed the swarms of flies from Pharaoh, his officials, and his people; not one was left.
32 But Pharaoh hardened his heart this time also and did not let the people go.

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The Fifth Plague: Death of Livestock
# Chapter 9
1. Then the Lord said to Moses, "Go in to Pharaoh and say to him: This is what the Lord, the God of the Hebrews, says: Let my people go, so that they may worship me.
2. But if you refuse to let them go and keep holding them,
3. then the Lord's hand will bring a severe plague against your livestock in the field--the horses, donkeys, camels, herds, and flocks.
4. But the Lord will make a distinction between the livestock of Israel and the livestock of Egypt, so that nothing of all that the Israelites own will die."
5. And the Lord set a time, saying, "Tomorrow the Lord will do this thing in the land."
6. The Lord did this the next day. All the Egyptian livestock died, but none among the Israelite livestock died.
7. Pharaoh sent messengers who saw that not a single one of the Israelite livestock was dead. But Pharaoh's heart was hard, and he did not let the people go.
The Sixth Plague: Boils
8. Then the Lord said to Moses and Aaron, "Take handfuls of furnace soot, and Moses is to throw it toward heaven in the sight of Pharaoh.
9. It will become fine dust over the entire land of Egypt. It will become festering boils on people and animals throughout the land of Egypt."
10. So they took furnace soot and stood before Pharaoh. Moses threw it toward heaven, and it became festering boils on people and animals.
11. The magicians could not stand before Moses because of the boils, for the boils were on the magicians as well as on all the Egyptians.
12. But the Lord hardened Pharaoh's heart and he did not listen to them, as the Lord had told Moses.
The Seventh Plague: Hail
13. Then the Lord said to Moses, "Get up early in the morning and present yourself to Pharaoh. Tell him: This is what the Lord, the God of the Hebrews says: Let my people go, so that they may worship me.
14. For this time I am about to send all my plagues against you, your officials, and your people. Then you will know there is no one like me on the whole earth.
15. By now I could have stretched out my hand and struck you and your people with a plague, and you would have been obliterated from the earth.
16. However, I have let you live for this purpose: to show you my power and to make my name known on the whole earth.
17. You are still acting arrogantly against my people by not letting them go.
18. Tomorrow at this time I will rain down the worst hail that has ever occurred in Egypt from the day it was founded until now.
19. Therefore give orders to bring your livestock and all that you have in the field into shelters. Every person and animal that is in the field and not brought inside will die when the hail falls on them."
20. Those among Pharaoh's officials who feared the word of the Lord made their servants and livestock flee to shelters,
21. but those who didn't take to heart the Lord's word left their servants and livestock in the field.
22. Then the Lord said to Moses, "Stretch out your hand toward heaven and let there be hail throughout the land of Egypt--on people and animals and every plant of the field in the land of Egypt."
23. So Moses stretched out his staff toward heaven, and the Lord sent thunder and hail. Lightning struck the land, and the Lord rained hail on the land of Egypt.
24. The hail, with lightning flashing through it, was so severe that nothing like it had occurred in the land of Egypt since it had become a nation.
25. Throughout the land of Egypt, the hail struck down everything in the field, both people and animals. The hail beat down every plant of the field and shattered every tree in the field.
26. The only place it didn't hail was in the land of Goshen, where the Israelites were.
27. Pharaoh sent for Moses and Aaron. "I have sinned this time," he said to them. "The Lord is the righteous one, and I and my people are the guilty ones.
28. Make an appeal to the Lord. There has been enough of God's thunder and hail. I will let you go; you don't need to stay any longer."
29. Moses said to him, "When I have left the city, I will spread out my hands to the Lord. The thunder will cease, and there will be no more hail, so that you may know the earth belongs to the Lord.
30. But as for you and your officials, I know that you still do not fear the Lord God."
31. The flax and the barley were destroyed because the barley was ripe and the flax was budding,
32. but the wheat and the spelt were not destroyed since they are later crops.
33. Moses left Pharaoh and the city, and spread out his hands to the Lord. Then the thunder and hail ceased, and rain no longer poured down on the land.
34. When Pharaoh saw that the rain, hail, and thunder had ceased, he sinned again and hardened his heart, he and his officials.
35. So Pharaoh's heart was hard, and he did not let the Israelites go, as the Lord had said through Moses.
1 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Go in to Pharaoh and say to him: This is what the Lord, the God of the Hebrews, says: Let my people go, so that they may worship me.
2 But if you refuse to let them go and keep holding them,
3 then the Lord’s hand will bring a severe plague against your livestock in the field—the horses, donkeys, camels, herds, and flocks.
4 But the Lord will make a distinction between the livestock of Israel and the livestock of Egypt, so that nothing of all that the Israelites own will die.”
5 And the Lord set a time, saying, “Tomorrow the Lord will do this thing in the land.”
6 The Lord did this the next day. All the Egyptian livestock died, but none among the Israelite livestock died.
7 Pharaoh sent messengers who saw that not a single one of the Israelite livestock was dead. But Pharaoh’s heart was hard, and he did not let the people go.
8 Then the Lord said to Moses and Aaron, “Take handfuls of furnace soot, and Moses is to throw it toward heaven in the sight of Pharaoh.
9 It will become fine dust over the entire land of Egypt. It will become festering boils on people and animals throughout the land of Egypt.”
10 So they took furnace soot and stood before Pharaoh. Moses threw it toward heaven, and it became festering boils on people and animals.
11 The magicians could not stand before Moses because of the boils, for the boils were on the magicians as well as on all the Egyptians.
12 But the Lord hardened Pharaoh’s heart and he did not listen to them, as the Lord had told Moses.
13 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Get up early in the morning and present yourself to Pharaoh. Tell him: This is what the Lord, the God of the Hebrews says: Let my people go, so that they may worship me.
14 For this time I am about to send all my plagues against you, your officials, and your people. Then you will know there is no one like me on the whole earth.
15 By now I could have stretched out my hand and struck you and your people with a plague, and you would have been obliterated from the earth.
16 However, I have let you live for this purpose: to show you my power and to make my name known on the whole earth.
17 You are still acting arrogantly against my people by not letting them go.
18 Tomorrow at this time I will rain down the worst hail that has ever occurred in Egypt from the day it was founded until now.
19 Therefore give orders to bring your livestock and all that you have in the field into shelters. Every person and animal that is in the field and not brought inside will die when the hail falls on them.”
20 Those among Pharaoh’s officials who feared the word of the Lord made their servants and livestock flee to shelters,
21 but those who didn’t take to heart the Lord’s word left their servants and livestock in the field.
22 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand toward heaven and let there be hail throughout the land of Egypt—on people and animals and every plant of the field in the land of Egypt.”
23 So Moses stretched out his staff toward heaven, and the Lord sent thunder and hail. Lightning struck the land, and the Lord rained hail on the land of Egypt.
24 The hail, with lightning flashing through it, was so severe that nothing like it had occurred in the land of Egypt since it had become a nation.
25 Throughout the land of Egypt, the hail struck down everything in the field, both people and animals. The hail beat down every plant of the field and shattered every tree in the field.
26 The only place it didn’t hail was in the land of Goshen, where the Israelites were.
27 Pharaoh sent for Moses and Aaron. “I have sinned this time,” he said to them. “The Lord is the righteous one, and I and my people are the guilty ones.
28 Make an appeal to the Lord. There has been enough of God’s thunder and hail. I will let you go; you don’t need to stay any longer.”
29 Moses said to him, “When I have left the city, I will spread out my hands to the Lord. The thunder will cease, and there will be no more hail, so that you may know the earth belongs to the Lord.
30 But as for you and your officials, I know that you still do not fear the Lord God.”
31 The flax and the barley were destroyed because the barley was ripe and the flax was budding,
32 but the wheat and the spelt were not destroyed since they are later crops.
33 Moses left Pharaoh and the city, and spread out his hands to the Lord. Then the thunder and hail ceased, and rain no longer poured down on the land.
34 When Pharaoh saw that the rain, hail, and thunder had ceased, he sinned again and hardened his heart, he and his officials.
35 So Pharaoh’s heart was hard, and he did not let the Israelites go, as the Lord had said through Moses.

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The Eighth Plague: Locusts
# Chapter 10
1. Then the Lord said to Moses, "Go to Pharaoh, for I have hardened his heart and the hearts of his officials so that I may do these miraculous signs of mine among them,
2. and so that you may tell your son and grandson how severely I dealt with the Egyptians and performed miraculous signs among them, and you will know that I am the Lord."
3. So Moses and Aaron went in to Pharaoh and told him, "This is what the Lord, the God of the Hebrews, says: How long will you refuse to humble yourself before me? Let my people go, that they may worship me.
4. But if you refuse to let my people go, then tomorrow I will bring locusts into your territory.
5. They will cover the surface of the land so that no one will be able to see the land. They will eat the remainder left to you that escaped the hail; they will eat every tree you have growing in the fields.
6. They will fill your houses, all your officials' houses, and the houses of all the Egyptians--something your fathers and grandfathers never saw since the time they occupied the land until today." Then he turned and left Pharaoh's presence.
7. Pharaoh's officials asked him, "How long must this man be a snare to us? Let the men go, so that they may worship the Lord their God. Don't you realize yet that Egypt is devastated?"
8. So Moses and Aaron were brought back to Pharaoh. "Go, worship the Lord your God," Pharaoh said. "But exactly who will be going?"
9. Moses replied, "We will go with our young and with our old; we will go with our sons and with our daughters, with our flocks and with our herds because we must hold the Lord's festival."
10. He said to them, "The Lord would have to be with you if I would ever let you and your families go! Look out--you're heading for trouble.
11. No, go--just able-bodied men--worship the Lord, since that's what you want." And they were driven from Pharaoh's presence.
12. The Lord then said to Moses, "Stretch out your hand over the land of Egypt, and the locusts will come up over it and eat every plant in the land, everything that the hail left."
13. So Moses stretched out his staff over the land of Egypt, and the Lord sent an east wind over the land all that day and through the night. By morning the east wind had brought in the locusts.
14. The locusts went up over the entire land of Egypt and settled on the whole territory of Egypt. Never before had there been such a large number of locusts, and there never will be again.
15. They covered the surface of the whole land so that the land was black, and they consumed all the plants on the ground and all the fruit on the trees that the hail had left. Nothing green was left on the trees or the plants in the field throughout the land of Egypt.
16. Pharaoh urgently sent for Moses and Aaron and said, "I have sinned against the Lord your God and against you.
17. Please forgive my sin once more and make an appeal to the Lord your God, so that he will just take this death away from me."
18. Moses left Pharaoh's presence and appealed to the Lord.
19. Then the Lord changed the wind to a strong west wind, and it carried off the locusts and blew them into the Red Sea. Not a single locust was left in all the territory of Egypt.
20. But the Lord hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he did not let the Israelites go.
The Ninth Plague: Darkness
21. Then the Lord said to Moses, "Stretch out your hand toward heaven, and there will be darkness over the land of Egypt, a darkness that can be felt."
22. So Moses stretched out his hand toward heaven, and there was thick darkness throughout the land of Egypt for three days.
23. One person could not see another, and for three days they did not move from where they were. Yet all the Israelites had light where they lived.
24. Pharaoh summoned Moses and said, "Go, worship the Lord. Even your families may go with you; only your flocks and herds must stay behind."
25. Moses responded, "You must also let us have sacrifices and burnt offerings to prepare for the Lord our God.
26. Even our livestock must go with us; not a hoof will be left behind because we will take some of them to worship the Lord our God. We will not know what we will use to worship the Lord until we get there."
27. But the Lord hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he was unwilling to let them go.
28. Pharaoh said to him, "Leave me! Make sure you never see my face again, for on the day you see my face, you will die."
29. "As you have said," Moses replied, "I will never see your face again."
1 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh, for I have hardened his heart and the hearts of his officials so that I may do these miraculous signs of mine among them,
2 and so that you may tell your son and grandson how severely I dealt with the Egyptians and performed miraculous signs among them, and you will know that I am the Lord.”
3 So Moses and Aaron went in to Pharaoh and told him, “This is what the Lord, the God of the Hebrews, says: How long will you refuse to humble yourself before me? Let my people go, that they may worship me.
4 But if you refuse to let my people go, then tomorrow I will bring locusts into your territory.
5 They will cover the surface of the land so that no one will be able to see the land. They will eat the remainder left to you that escaped the hail; they will eat every tree you have growing in the fields.
6 They will fill your houses, all your officials’ houses, and the houses of all the Egyptians—something your fathers and grandfathers never saw since the time they occupied the land until today.” Then he turned and left Pharaoh’s presence.
7 Pharaoh’s officials asked him, “How long must this man be a snare to us? Let the men go, so that they may worship the Lord their God. Don’t you realize yet that Egypt is devastated?”
8 So Moses and Aaron were brought back to Pharaoh. “Go, worship the Lord your God,” Pharaoh said. “But exactly who will be going?”
9 Moses replied, “We will go with our young and with our old; we will go with our sons and with our daughters, with our flocks and with our herds because we must hold the Lord’s festival.”
10 He said to them, “The Lord would have to be with you if I would ever let you and your families go! Look out—you’re heading for trouble.
11 No, go—just able-bodied men—worship the Lord, since that’s what you want.” And they were driven from Pharaoh’s presence.
12 The Lord then said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand over the land of Egypt, and the locusts will come up over it and eat every plant in the land, everything that the hail left.”
13 So Moses stretched out his staff over the land of Egypt, and the Lord sent an east wind over the land all that day and through the night. By morning the east wind had brought in the locusts.
14 The locusts went up over the entire land of Egypt and settled on the whole territory of Egypt. Never before had there been such a large number of locusts, and there never will be again.
15 They covered the surface of the whole land so that the land was black, and they consumed all the plants on the ground and all the fruit on the trees that the hail had left. Nothing green was left on the trees or the plants in the field throughout the land of Egypt.
16 Pharaoh urgently sent for Moses and Aaron and said, “I have sinned against the Lord your God and against you.
17 Please forgive my sin once more and make an appeal to the Lord your God, so that he will just take this death away from me.”
18 Moses left Pharaoh’s presence and appealed to the Lord.
19 Then the Lord changed the wind to a strong west wind, and it carried off the locusts and blew them into the Red Sea. Not a single locust was left in all the territory of Egypt.
20 But the Lord hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he did not let the Israelites go.
21 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand toward heaven, and there will be darkness over the land of Egypt, a darkness that can be felt.”
22 So Moses stretched out his hand toward heaven, and there was thick darkness throughout the land of Egypt for three days.
23 One person could not see another, and for three days they did not move from where they were. Yet all the Israelites had light where they lived.
24 Pharaoh summoned Moses and said, “Go, worship the Lord. Even your families may go with you; only your flocks and herds must stay behind.”
25 Moses responded, “You must also let us have sacrifices and burnt offerings to prepare for the Lord our God.
26 Even our livestock must go with us; not a hoof will be left behind because we will take some of them to worship the Lord our God. We will not know what we will use to worship the Lord until we get there.”
27 But the Lord hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he was unwilling to let them go.
28 Pharaoh said to him, “Leave me! Make sure you never see my face again, for on the day you see my face, you will die.”
29 “As you have said,” Moses replied, “I will never see your face again.”

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The Tenth Plague: Death of the Firstborn
# Chapter 11
1. The Lord said to Moses, "I will bring one more plague on Pharaoh and on Egypt. After that, he will let you go from here. When he lets you go, he will drive you out of here.
2. Now announce to the people that both men and women should ask their neighbors for silver and gold items."
3. The Lord gave the people favor with the Egyptians. In addition, Moses himself was very highly regarded in the land of Egypt by Pharaoh's officials and the people.
4. So Moses said, "This is what the Lord says:
About midnight I will go throughout Egypt,
5. and every firstborn male in the land of Egypt will die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sits on his throne to the firstborn of the servant girl who is at the grindstones, as well as every firstborn of the livestock.
6. Then there will be a great cry of anguish through all the land of Egypt such as never was before or ever will be again.
7. But against all the Israelites, whether people or animals, not even a dog will snarl, so that you may know that the Lord makes a distinction between Egypt and Israel.
8. All these officials of yours will come down to me and bow before me, saying: Get out, you and all the people who follow you. After that, I will get out." And he went out from Pharaoh's presence fiercely angry.
9. The Lord said to Moses, "Pharaoh will not listen to you, so that my wonders may be multiplied in the land of Egypt."
10. Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh, but the Lord hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he would not let the Israelites go out of his land.
1 The Lord said to Moses, “I will bring one more plague on Pharaoh and on Egypt. After that, he will let you go from here. When he lets you go, he will drive you out of here.
2 Now announce to the people that both men and women should ask their neighbors for silver and gold items.”
3 The Lord gave the people favor with the Egyptians. In addition, Moses himself was very highly regarded in the land of Egypt by Pharaoh’s officials and the people.
4 So Moses said, “This is what the Lord says: About midnight I will go throughout Egypt,
5 and every firstborn male in the land of Egypt will die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sits on his throne to the firstborn of the servant girl who is at the grindstones, as well as every firstborn of the livestock.
6 Then there will be a great cry of anguish through all the land of Egypt such as never was before or ever will be again.
7 But against all the Israelites, whether people or animals, not even a dog will snarl, so that you may know that the Lord makes a distinction between Egypt and Israel.
8 All these officials of yours will come down to me and bow before me, saying: Get out, you and all the people who follow you. After that, I will get out.” And he went out from Pharaoh’s presence fiercely angry.
9 The Lord said to Moses, “Pharaoh will not listen to you, so that my wonders may be multiplied in the land of Egypt.”
10 Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh, but the Lord hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he would not let the Israelites go out of his land.

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Instructions for the Passover
# Chapter 12
1. The Lord said to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt,
2. "This month is to be the beginning of months for you; it is the first month of your year.
3. Tell the whole community of Israel that on the tenth day of this month they must each select an animal of the flock according to their fathers' families, one animal per family.
4. If the household is too small for a whole animal, that person and the neighbor nearest his house are to select one based on the combined number of people; you should apportion the animal according to what each will eat.
5. You must have an unblemished animal, a year-old male; you may take it from either the sheep or the goats.
6. You are to keep it until the fourteenth day of this month; then the whole assembly of the community of Israel will slaughter the animals at twilight.
7. They must take some of the blood and put it on the two doorposts and the lintel of the houses where they eat them.
8. They are to eat the meat that night; they should eat it, roasted over the fire along with unleavened bread and bitter herbs.
9. Do not eat any of it raw or cooked in boiling water, but only roasted over fire--its head as well as its legs and inner organs.
10. You must not leave any of it until morning; any part of it left until morning you must burn.
11. Here is how you must eat it: You must be dressed for travel, your sandals on your feet, and your staff in your hand. You are to eat it in a hurry; it is the Lord's Passover.
12. "I will pass through the land of Egypt on that night and strike every firstborn male in the land of Egypt, both people and animals. I am the Lord; I will execute judgments against all the gods of Egypt.
13. The blood on the houses where you are staying will be a distinguishing mark for you; when I see the blood, I will pass over you. No plague will be among you to destroy you when I strike the land of Egypt.
14. "This day is to be a memorial for you, and you must celebrate it as a festival to the Lord. You are to celebrate it throughout your generations as a permanent statute.
15. You must eat unleavened bread for seven days. On the first day you must remove yeast from your houses. Whoever eats what is leavened from the first day through the seventh day must be cut off from Israel.
16. You are to hold a sacred assembly on the first day and another sacred assembly on the seventh day. No work may be done on those days except for preparing what people need to eat--you may do only that.
17. "You are to observe the Festival of Unleavened Bread because on this very day I brought your military divisions out of the land of Egypt. You must observe this day throughout your generations as a permanent statute.
18. You are to eat unleavened bread in the first month, from the evening of the fourteenth day of the month until the evening of the twenty-first day.
19. Yeast must not be found in your houses for seven days. If anyone eats something leavened, that person, whether a resident alien or native of the land, must be cut off from the community of Israel.
20. Do not eat anything leavened; eat unleavened bread in all your homes."
21. Then Moses summoned all the elders of Israel and said to them, "Go, select an animal from the flock according to your families, and slaughter the Passover animal.
22. Take a cluster of hyssop, dip it in the blood that is in the basin, and brush the lintel and the two doorposts with some of the blood in the basin. None of you may go out the door of his house until morning.
23. When the Lord passes through to strike Egypt and sees the blood on the lintel and the two doorposts, he will pass over the door and not let the destroyer enter your houses to strike you.
24. "Keep this command permanently as a statute for you and your descendants.
25. When you enter the land that the Lord will give you as he promised, you are to observe this ceremony.
26. When your children ask you, 'What does this ceremony mean to you?'
27. you are to reply, 'It is the Passover sacrifice to the Lord, for he passed over the houses of the Israelites in Egypt when he struck the Egyptians, and he spared our homes.'" So the people knelt low and worshiped.
28. Then the Israelites went and did this; they did just as the Lord had commanded Moses and Aaron.
The Exodus
29. Now at midnight the Lord struck every firstborn male in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sat on his throne to the firstborn of the prisoner who was in the dungeon, and every firstborn of the livestock.
30. During the night Pharaoh got up, he along with all his officials and all the Egyptians, and there was a loud wailing throughout Egypt because there wasn't a house without someone dead.
31. He summoned Moses and Aaron during the night and said, "Get out immediately from among my people, both you and the Israelites, and go, worship the Lord as you have said.
32. Take even your flocks and your herds as you asked and leave, and also bless me."
33. Now the Egyptians pressured the people in order to send them quickly out of the country, for they said, "We're all going to die!"
34. So the people took their dough before it was leavened, with their kneading bowls wrapped up in their clothes on their shoulders.
35. The Israelites acted on Moses's word and asked the Egyptians for silver and gold items and for clothing.
36. And the Lord gave the people such favor with the Egyptians that they gave them what they requested. In this way they plundered the Egyptians.
37. The Israelites traveled from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand able-bodied men on foot, besides their families.
38. A mixed crowd also went up with them, along with a huge number of livestock, both flocks and herds.
39. The people baked the dough they had brought out of Egypt into unleavened loaves, since it had no yeast; for when they were driven out of Egypt, they could not delay and had not prepared provisions for themselves.
40. The time that the Israelites lived in Egypt was 430 years.
41. At the end of 430 years, on that same day, all the Lord's military divisions went out from the land of Egypt.
42. It was a night of vigil in honor of the Lord, because he would bring them out of the land of Egypt. This same night is in honor of the Lord, a night vigil for all the Israelites throughout their generations.
Passover Instruction
43. The Lord said to Moses and Aaron, "This is the statute of the Passover: no foreigner may eat it.
44. But any slave a man has purchased may eat it, after you have circumcised him.
45. A temporary resident or hired worker may not eat the Passover.
46. It is to be eaten in one house. You may not take any of the meat outside the house, and you may not break any of its bones.
47. The whole community of Israel must celebrate it.
48. If an alien resides among you and wants to observe the Lord's Passover, every male in his household must be circumcised, and then he may participate; he will become like a native of the land. But no uncircumcised person may eat it.
49. The same law will apply to both the native and the alien who resides among you."
50. Then all the Israelites did this; they did just as the Lord had commanded Moses and Aaron.
51. On that same day the Lord brought the Israelites out of the land of Egypt according to their military divisions.
1 The Lord said to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt,
2 “This month is to be the beginning of months for you; it is the first month of your year.
3 Tell the whole community of Israel that on the tenth day of this month they must each select an animal of the flock according to their fathers’ families, one animal per family.
4 If the household is too small for a whole animal, that person and the neighbor nearest his house are to select one based on the combined number of people; you should apportion the animal according to what each will eat.
5 You must have an unblemished animal, a year-old male; you may take it from either the sheep or the goats.
6 You are to keep it until the fourteenth day of this month; then the whole assembly of the community of Israel will slaughter the animals at twilight.
7 They must take some of the blood and put it on the two doorposts and the lintel of the houses where they eat them.
8 They are to eat the meat that night; they should eat it, roasted over the fire along with unleavened bread and bitter herbs.
9 Do not eat any of it raw or cooked in boiling water, but only roasted over fire—its head as well as its legs and inner organs.
10 You must not leave any of it until morning; any part of it left until morning you must burn.
11 Here is how you must eat it: You must be dressed for travel, your sandals on your feet, and your staff in your hand. You are to eat it in a hurry; it is the Lord’s Passover.
12 “I will pass through the land of Egypt on that night and strike every firstborn male in the land of Egypt, both people and animals. I am the Lord; I will execute judgments against all the gods of Egypt.
13 The blood on the houses where you are staying will be a distinguishing mark for you; when I see the blood, I will pass over you. No plague will be among you to destroy you when I strike the land of Egypt.
14 “This day is to be a memorial for you, and you must celebrate it as a festival to the Lord. You are to celebrate it throughout your generations as a permanent statute.
15 You must eat unleavened bread for seven days. On the first day you must remove yeast from your houses. Whoever eats what is leavened from the first day through the seventh day must be cut off from Israel.
16 You are to hold a sacred assembly on the first day and another sacred assembly on the seventh day. No work may be done on those days except for preparing what people need to eat—you may do only that.
17 “You are to observe the Festival of Unleavened Bread because on this very day I brought your military divisions out of the land of Egypt. You must observe this day throughout your generations as a permanent statute.
18 You are to eat unleavened bread in the first month, from the evening of the fourteenth day of the month until the evening of the twenty-first day.
19 Yeast must not be found in your houses for seven days. If anyone eats something leavened, that person, whether a resident alien or native of the land, must be cut off from the community of Israel.
20 Do not eat anything leavened; eat unleavened bread in all your homes.”
21 Then Moses summoned all the elders of Israel and said to them, “Go, select an animal from the flock according to your families, and slaughter the Passover animal.
22 Take a cluster of hyssop, dip it in the blood that is in the basin, and brush the lintel and the two doorposts with some of the blood in the basin. None of you may go out the door of his house until morning.
23 When the Lord passes through to strike Egypt and sees the blood on the lintel and the two doorposts, he will pass over the door and not let the destroyer enter your houses to strike you.
24 “Keep this command permanently as a statute for you and your descendants.
25 When you enter the land that the Lord will give you as he promised, you are to observe this ceremony.
26 When your children ask you, ‘What does this ceremony mean to you?’
27 you are to reply, ‘It is the Passover sacrifice to the Lord, for he passed over the houses of the Israelites in Egypt when he struck the Egyptians, and he spared our homes.’” So the people knelt low and worshiped.
28 Then the Israelites went and did this; they did just as the Lord had commanded Moses and Aaron.
29 Now at midnight the Lord struck every firstborn male in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sat on his throne to the firstborn of the prisoner who was in the dungeon, and every firstborn of the livestock.
30 During the night Pharaoh got up, he along with all his officials and all the Egyptians, and there was a loud wailing throughout Egypt because there wasn’t a house without someone dead.
31 He summoned Moses and Aaron during the night and said, “Get out immediately from among my people, both you and the Israelites, and go, worship the Lord as you have said.
32 Take even your flocks and your herds as you asked and leave, and also bless me.”
33 Now the Egyptians pressured the people in order to send them quickly out of the country, for they said, “We’re all going to die!”
34 So the people took their dough before it was leavened, with their kneading bowls wrapped up in their clothes on their shoulders.
35 The Israelites acted on Moses’s word and asked the Egyptians for silver and gold items and for clothing.
36 And the Lord gave the people such favor with the Egyptians that they gave them what they requested. In this way they plundered the Egyptians.
37 The Israelites traveled from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand able-bodied men on foot, besides their families.
38 A mixed crowd also went up with them, along with a huge number of livestock, both flocks and herds.
39 The people baked the dough they had brought out of Egypt into unleavened loaves, since it had no yeast; for when they were driven out of Egypt, they could not delay and had not prepared provisions for themselves.
40 The time that the Israelites lived in Egypt was 430 years.
41 At the end of 430 years, on that same day, all the Lord’s military divisions went out from the land of Egypt.
42 It was a night of vigil in honor of the Lord, because he would bring them out of the land of Egypt. This same night is in honor of the Lord, a night vigil for all the Israelites throughout their generations.
43 The Lord said to Moses and Aaron, “This is the statute of the Passover: no foreigner may eat it.
44 But any slave a man has purchased may eat it, after you have circumcised him.
45 A temporary resident or hired worker may not eat the Passover.
46 It is to be eaten in one house. You may not take any of the meat outside the house, and you may not break any of its bones.
47 The whole community of Israel must celebrate it.
48 If an alien resides among you and wants to observe the Lord’s Passover, every male in his household must be circumcised, and then he may participate; he will become like a native of the land. But no uncircumcised person may eat it.
49 The same law will apply to both the native and the alien who resides among you.”
50 Then all the Israelites did this; they did just as the Lord had commanded Moses and Aaron.
51 On that same day the Lord brought the Israelites out of the land of Egypt according to their military divisions.

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# Chapter 13
1. The Lord spoke to Moses:
2. "Consecrate every firstborn male to me, the firstborn from every womb among the Israelites, both man and domestic animal; it is mine."
3. Then Moses said to the people, "Remember this day when you came out of Egypt, out of the place of slavery, for the Lord brought you out of here by the strength of his hand. Nothing leavened may be eaten.
4. Today, in the month of Abib, you are going out.
5. When the Lord brings you into the land of the Canaanites, Hethites, Amorites, Hivites, and Jebusites, which he swore to your ancestors that he would give you, a land flowing with milk and honey, you must carry out this ceremony in this month.
6. For seven days you must eat unleavened bread, and on the seventh day there is to be a festival to the Lord.
7. Unleavened bread is to be eaten for those seven days. Nothing leavened may be found among you, and no yeast may be found among you in all your territory.
8. On that day explain to your son, 'This is because of what the Lord did for me when I came out of Egypt.'
9. Let it serve as a sign for you on your hand and as a reminder on your forehead, so that the Lord's instruction may be in your mouth; for the Lord brought you out of Egypt with a strong hand.
10. Keep this statute at its appointed time from year to year.
11. "When the Lord brings you into the land of the Canaanites, as he swore to you and your ancestors, and gives it to you,
12. you are to present to the Lord every firstborn male of the womb. All firstborn offspring of the livestock you own that are males will be the Lord's.
13. You must redeem every firstborn of a donkey with a flock animal, but if you do not redeem it, break its neck. However, you must redeem every firstborn among your sons.
14. "In the future, when your son asks you, 'What does this mean?' say to him, 'By the strength of his hand the Lord brought us out of Egypt, out of the place of slavery.
15. When Pharaoh stubbornly refused to let us go, the Lord killed every firstborn male in the land of Egypt, both the firstborn of humans and the firstborn of livestock. That is why I sacrifice to the Lord all the firstborn of the womb that are males, but I redeem all the firstborn of my sons.'
16. So let it be a sign on your hand and a symbol on your forehead, for the Lord brought us out of Egypt by the strength of his hand."
The Route of the Exodus
17. When Pharaoh let the people go, God did not lead them along the road to the land of the Philistines, even though it was nearby; for God said, "The people will change their minds and return to Egypt if they face war."
18. So he led the people around toward the Red Sea along the road of the wilderness. And the Israelites left the land of Egypt in battle formation.
19. Moses took the bones of Joseph with him, because Joseph had made the Israelites swear a solemn oath, saying, "God will certainly come to your aid; then you must take my bones with you from this place."
20. They set out from Succoth and camped at Etham on the edge of the wilderness.
21. The Lord went ahead of them in a pillar of cloud to lead them on their way during the day and in a pillar of fire to give them light at night, so that they could travel day or night.
22. The pillar of cloud by day and the pillar of fire by night never left its place in front of the people.
1 The Lord spoke to Moses:
2 “Consecrate every firstborn male to me, the firstborn from every womb among the Israelites, both man and domestic animal; it is mine.”
3 Then Moses said to the people, “Remember this day when you came out of Egypt, out of the place of slavery, for the Lord brought you out of here by the strength of his hand. Nothing leavened may be eaten.
4 Today, in the month of Abib, you are going out.
5 When the Lord brings you into the land of the Canaanites, Hethites, Amorites, Hivites, and Jebusites, which he swore to your ancestors that he would give you, a land flowing with milk and honey, you must carry out this ceremony in this month.
6 For seven days you must eat unleavened bread, and on the seventh day there is to be a festival to the Lord.
7 Unleavened bread is to be eaten for those seven days. Nothing leavened may be found among you, and no yeast may be found among you in all your territory.
8 On that day explain to your son, ‘This is because of what the Lord did for me when I came out of Egypt.’
9 Let it serve as a sign for you on your hand and as a reminder on your forehead, so that the Lord’s instruction may be in your mouth; for the Lord brought you out of Egypt with a strong hand.
10 Keep this statute at its appointed time from year to year.
11 “When the Lord brings you into the land of the Canaanites, as he swore to you and your ancestors, and gives it to you,
12 you are to present to the Lord every firstborn male of the womb. All firstborn offspring of the livestock you own that are males will be the Lord’s.
13 You must redeem every firstborn of a donkey with a flock animal, but if you do not redeem it, break its neck. However, you must redeem every firstborn among your sons.
14 “In the future, when your son asks you, ‘What does this mean?’ say to him, ‘By the strength of his hand the Lord brought us out of Egypt, out of the place of slavery.
15 When Pharaoh stubbornly refused to let us go, the Lord killed every firstborn male in the land of Egypt, both the firstborn of humans and the firstborn of livestock. That is why I sacrifice to the Lord all the firstborn of the womb that are males, but I redeem all the firstborn of my sons.’
16 So let it be a sign on your hand and a symbol on your forehead, for the Lord brought us out of Egypt by the strength of his hand.”
17 When Pharaoh let the people go, God did not lead them along the road to the land of the Philistines, even though it was nearby; for God said, “The people will change their minds and return to Egypt if they face war.”
18 So he led the people around toward the Red Sea along the road of the wilderness. And the Israelites left the land of Egypt in battle formation.
19 Moses took the bones of Joseph with him, because Joseph had made the Israelites swear a solemn oath, saying, “God will certainly come to your aid; then you must take my bones with you from this place.”
20 They set out from Succoth and camped at Etham on the edge of the wilderness.
21 The Lord went ahead of them in a pillar of cloud to lead them on their way during the day and in a pillar of fire to give them light at night, so that they could travel day or night.
22 The pillar of cloud by day and the pillar of fire by night never left its place in front of the people.

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# Chapter 14
1. Then the Lord spoke to Moses:
2. "Tell the Israelites to turn back and camp in front of Pi-hahiroth, between Migdol and the sea; you must camp in front of Baal-zephon, facing it by the sea.
3. Pharaoh will say of the Israelites: They are wandering around the land in confusion; the wilderness has boxed them in.
4. I will harden Pharaoh's heart so that he will pursue them. Then I will receive glory by means of Pharaoh and all his army, and the Egyptians will know that I am the Lord." So the Israelites did this.
The Egyptian Pursuit
5. When the king of Egypt was told that the people had fled, Pharaoh and his officials changed their minds about the people and said, "What have we done? We have released Israel from serving us."
6. So he got his chariot ready and took his troops with him;
7. he took six hundred of the best chariots and all the rest of the chariots of Egypt, with officers in each one.
8. The Lord hardened the heart of Pharaoh king of Egypt, and he pursued the Israelites, who were going out defiantly.
9. The Egyptians--all Pharaoh's horses and chariots, his horsemen, and his army--chased after them and caught up with them as they camped by the sea beside Pi-hahiroth, in front of Baal-zephon.
10. As Pharaoh approached, the Israelites looked up and there were the Egyptians coming after them! The Israelites were terrified and cried out to the Lord for help.
11. They said to Moses, "Is it because there are no graves in Egypt that you have taken us away to die in the wilderness? What have you done to us by bringing us out of Egypt?
12. Isn't this what we told you in Egypt: Leave us alone so that we may serve the Egyptians? It would have been better for us to serve the Egyptians than to die in the wilderness."
13. But Moses said to the people, "Don't be afraid. Stand firm and see the Lord's salvation that he will accomplish for you today; for the Egyptians you see today, you will never see again.
14. The Lord will fight for you, and you must be quiet."
Escape through the Red Sea
15. The Lord said to Moses, "Why are you crying out to me? Tell the Israelites to break camp.
16. As for you, lift up your staff, stretch out your hand over the sea, and divide it so that the Israelites can go through the sea on dry ground.
17. As for me, I am going to harden the hearts of the Egyptians so that they will go in after them, and I will receive glory by means of Pharaoh, all his army, and his chariots and horsemen.
18. The Egyptians will know that I am the Lord when I receive glory through Pharaoh, his chariots, and his horsemen."
19. Then the angel of God, who was going in front of the Israelite forces, moved and went behind them. The pillar of cloud moved from in front of them and stood behind them.
20. It came between the Egyptian and Israelite forces. There was cloud and darkness, it lit up the night, and neither group came near the other all night long.
21. Then Moses stretched out his hand over the sea. The Lord drove the sea back with a powerful east wind all that night and turned the sea into dry land. So the waters were divided,
22. and the Israelites went through the sea on dry ground, with the waters like a wall to them on their right and their left.
23. The Egyptians set out in pursuit--all Pharaoh's horses, his chariots, and his horsemen--and went into the sea after them.
24. During the morning watch, the Lord looked down at the Egyptian forces from the pillar of fire and cloud, and threw the Egyptian forces into confusion.
25. He caused their chariot wheels to swerve and made them drive with difficulty. "Let's get away from Israel," the Egyptians said, "because the Lord is fighting for them against Egypt!"
26. Then the Lord said to Moses, "Stretch out your hand over the sea so that the water may come back on the Egyptians, on their chariots and horsemen."
27. So Moses stretched out his hand over the sea, and at daybreak the sea returned to its normal depth. While the Egyptians were trying to escape from it, the Lord threw them into the sea.
28. The water came back and covered the chariots and horsemen, plus the entire army of Pharaoh that had gone after them into the sea. Not even one of them survived.
29. But the Israelites had walked through the sea on dry ground, with the waters like a wall to them on their right and their left.
30. That day the Lord saved Israel from the power of the Egyptians, and Israel saw the Egyptians dead on the seashore.
31. When Israel saw the great power that the Lord used against the Egyptians, the people feared the Lord and believed in him and in his servant Moses.
1 Then the Lord spoke to Moses:
2 “Tell the Israelites to turn back and camp in front of Pi-hahiroth, between Migdol and the sea; you must camp in front of Baal-zephon, facing it by the sea.
3 Pharaoh will say of the Israelites: They are wandering around the land in confusion; the wilderness has boxed them in.
4 I will harden Pharaoh’s heart so that he will pursue them. Then I will receive glory by means of Pharaoh and all his army, and the Egyptians will know that I am the Lord.” So the Israelites did this.
5 When the king of Egypt was told that the people had fled, Pharaoh and his officials changed their minds about the people and said, “What have we done? We have released Israel from serving us.”
6 So he got his chariot ready and took his troops with him;
7 he took six hundred of the best chariots and all the rest of the chariots of Egypt, with officers in each one.
8 The Lord hardened the heart of Pharaoh king of Egypt, and he pursued the Israelites, who were going out defiantly.
9 The Egyptians—all Pharaoh’s horses and chariots, his horsemen, and his army—chased after them and caught up with them as they camped by the sea beside Pi-hahiroth, in front of Baal-zephon.
10 As Pharaoh approached, the Israelites looked up and there were the Egyptians coming after them! The Israelites were terrified and cried out to the Lord for help.
11 They said to Moses, “Is it because there are no graves in Egypt that you have taken us away to die in the wilderness? What have you done to us by bringing us out of Egypt?
12 Isn’t this what we told you in Egypt: Leave us alone so that we may serve the Egyptians? It would have been better for us to serve the Egyptians than to die in the wilderness.”
13 But Moses said to the people, “Don’t be afraid. Stand firm and see the Lord’s salvation that he will accomplish for you today; for the Egyptians you see today, you will never see again.
14 The Lord will fight for you, and you must be quiet.”
15 The Lord said to Moses, “Why are you crying out to me? Tell the Israelites to break camp.
16 As for you, lift up your staff, stretch out your hand over the sea, and divide it so that the Israelites can go through the sea on dry ground.
17 As for me, I am going to harden the hearts of the Egyptians so that they will go in after them, and I will receive glory by means of Pharaoh, all his army, and his chariots and horsemen.
18 The Egyptians will know that I am the Lord when I receive glory through Pharaoh, his chariots, and his horsemen.”
19 Then the angel of God, who was going in front of the Israelite forces, moved and went behind them. The pillar of cloud moved from in front of them and stood behind them.
20 It came between the Egyptian and Israelite forces. There was cloud and darkness, it lit up the night, and neither group came near the other all night long.
21 Then Moses stretched out his hand over the sea. The Lord drove the sea back with a powerful east wind all that night and turned the sea into dry land. So the waters were divided,
22 and the Israelites went through the sea on dry ground, with the waters like a wall to them on their right and their left.
23 The Egyptians set out in pursuit—all Pharaoh’s horses, his chariots, and his horsemen—and went into the sea after them.
24 During the morning watch, the Lord looked down at the Egyptian forces from the pillar of fire and cloud, and threw the Egyptian forces into confusion.
25 He caused their chariot wheels to swerve and made them drive with difficulty. “Let’s get away from Israel,” the Egyptians said, “because the Lord is fighting for them against Egypt!”
26 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand over the sea so that the water may come back on the Egyptians, on their chariots and horsemen.”
27 So Moses stretched out his hand over the sea, and at daybreak the sea returned to its normal depth. While the Egyptians were trying to escape from it, the Lord threw them into the sea.
28 The water came back and covered the chariots and horsemen, plus the entire army of Pharaoh that had gone after them into the sea. Not even one of them survived.
29 But the Israelites had walked through the sea on dry ground, with the waters like a wall to them on their right and their left.
30 That day the Lord saved Israel from the power of the Egyptians, and Israel saw the Egyptians dead on the seashore.
31 When Israel saw the great power that the Lord used against the Egyptians, the people feared the Lord and believed in him and in his servant Moses.

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Israel's Song
# Chapter 15
1. Then Moses and the Israelites sang this song to
the
Lord. They said:
I will sing to
the
Lord,
1 Then Moses and the Israelites sang this song to the Lord. They said:
I will sing to the Lord,
for he is highly exalted;
he has thrown the horse
and its rider
into the sea.
2. The
Lord is my strength and my song;
and its rider into the sea.
2 The Lord is my strength and my song;
he has become my salvation.
This is my God, and I will praise him,
my father's God, and I will exalt him.
3. The
Lord is a warrior;
the
Lord is his name.
4. He threw Pharaoh's chariots
my father’s God, and I will exalt him.
3 The Lord is a warrior;
the Lord is his name.
4 He threw Pharaoh’s chariots
and his army into the sea;
the elite of his officers
were drowned in the Red Sea.
5. The floods covered them;
5 The floods covered them;
they sank to the depths like a stone.
6.
Lord, your right hand
is glorious in power.
6 Lord, your right hand is glorious in power.
Lord, your right hand shattered the enemy.
7. You overthrew your adversaries
7 You overthrew your adversaries
by your great majesty.
You unleashed your burning wrath;
it consumed them like stubble.
8. The water heaped up at the blast from your nostrils;
8 The water heaped up at the blast from your nostrils;
the currents stood firm like a dam.
The watery depths congealed in the heart of the sea.
9. The enemy said:
"I will pursue, I will overtake,
9 The enemy said:
“I will pursue, I will overtake,
I will divide the spoil.
My desire will be gratified at their expense.
I will draw my sword;
my hand will destroy them."
10. But you blew with your breath,
my hand will destroy them.”
10 But you blew with your breath,
and the sea covered them.
They sank like lead
in the mighty waters.
11.
Lord, who is like you among the gods?
Who is like you,
glorious in holiness,
11 Lord, who is like you among the gods?
Who is like you, glorious in holiness,
revered with praises, performing wonders?
12. You stretched out your right hand,
12 You stretched out your right hand,
and the earth swallowed them.
13. With your faithful love,
13 With your faithful love,
you will lead the people
you have redeemed;
you will guide them to your holy dwelling
with your strength.
14. When the peoples hear, they will shudder;
14 When the peoples hear, they will shudder;
anguish will seize the inhabitants of Philistia.
15. Then the chiefs of Edom will be terrified;
15 Then the chiefs of Edom will be terrified;
trembling will seize the leaders of Moab;
all the inhabitants of Canaan will panic;
16. terror and dread will fall on them.
16 terror and dread will fall on them.
They will be as still as a stone
because of your powerful arm
until your people pass by,
Lord,
until your people pass by, Lord,
until the people whom you purchased pass by.
17. You will bring them in and plant them
17 You will bring them in and plant them
on the mountain of your possession;
Lord, you have prepared the place
for your dwelling;
Lord, your hands have established the sanctuary.
18. The
Lord will reign forever and ever!
19. When Pharaoh's horses with his chariots and horsemen went into the sea,
the
Lord brought the water of the sea back over them. But the Israelites walked through the sea on dry ground.
20. Then the prophetess Miriam, Aaron's sister, took a tambourine in her hand, and all the women came out following her with tambourines and dancing.
21. Miriam sang to them:
Sing to
the
Lord,
18 The Lord will reign forever and ever!
19 When Pharaoh’s horses with his chariots and horsemen went into the sea, the Lord brought the water of the sea back over them. But the Israelites walked through the sea on dry ground.
20 Then the prophetess Miriam, Aaron’s sister, took a tambourine in her hand, and all the women came out following her with tambourines and dancing.
21 Miriam sang to them:
Sing to the Lord,
for he is highly exalted;
he has thrown the horse
and its rider
into the sea.
Water Provided
22. Then Moses led Israel on from the Red Sea, and they went out to the Wilderness of Shur. They journeyed for three days in the wilderness without finding water.
23. They came to Marah, but they could not drink the water at Marah because it was bitter--that is why it was named Marah.
24. The people grumbled to Moses, "What are we going to drink?"
25. So he cried out to
the
Lord, and
the
Lord showed him a tree. When he threw it into the water, the water became drinkable.
The
Lord made a statute and ordinance for them at Marah, and he tested them there.
26. He said, "If you will carefully obey
the
Lord your God, do what is right in his sight, pay attention to his commands, and keep all his statutes, I will not inflict any illnesses on you that I inflicted on the Egyptians. For I am
the
Lord who heals you."
27. Then they came to Elim, where there were twelve springs and seventy date palms, and they camped there by the water.
and its rider into the sea.
22 Then Moses led Israel on from the Red Sea, and they went out to the Wilderness of Shur. They journeyed for three days in the wilderness without finding water.
23 They came to Marah, but they could not drink the water at Marah because it was bitter—that is why it was named Marah.
24 The people grumbled to Moses, “What are we going to drink?”
25 So he cried out to the Lord, and the Lord showed him a tree. When he threw it into the water, the water became drinkable.
The Lord made a statute and ordinance for them at Marah, and he tested them there.
26 He said, “If you will carefully obey the Lord your God, do what is right in his sight, pay attention to his commands, and keep all his statutes, I will not inflict any illnesses on you that I inflicted on the Egyptians. For I am the Lord who heals you.”
27 Then they came to Elim, where there were twelve springs and seventy date palms, and they camped there by the water.

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Manna and Quail Provided
# Chapter 16
1. The entire Israelite community departed from Elim and came to the Wilderness of Sin, which is between Elim and Sinai, on the fifteenth day of the second month after they had left the land of Egypt.
2. The entire Israelite community grumbled against Moses and Aaron in the wilderness.
3. The Israelites said to them, "If only we had died by the Lord's hand in the land of Egypt, when we sat by pots of meat and ate all the bread we wanted. Instead, you brought us into this wilderness to make this whole assembly die of hunger!"
4. Then the Lord said to Moses, "I am going to rain bread from heaven for you. The people are to go out each day and gather enough for that day. This way I will test them to see whether or not they will follow my instructions.
5. On the sixth day, when they prepare what they bring in, it will be twice as much as they gather on other days."
6. So Moses and Aaron said to all the Israelites, "This evening you will know that it was the Lord who brought you out of the land of Egypt,
7. and in the morning you will see the Lord's glory because he has heard your complaints about him. For who are we that you complain about us?"
8. Moses continued, "The Lord will give you meat to eat this evening and all the bread you want in the morning, for he has heard the complaints that you are raising against him. Who are we? Your complaints are not against us but against the Lord."
9. Then Moses told Aaron, "Say to the entire Israelite community, 'Come before the Lord, for he has heard your complaints.'"
10. As Aaron was speaking to the entire Israelite community, they turned toward the wilderness, and there in a cloud the Lord's glory appeared.
11. The Lord spoke to Moses,
12. "I have heard the complaints of the Israelites. Tell them: At twilight you will eat meat, and in the morning you will eat bread until you are full. Then you will know that I am the Lord your God."
13. So at evening quail came and covered the camp. In the morning there was a layer of dew all around the camp.
14. When the layer of dew evaporated, there were fine flakes on the desert surface, as fine as frost on the ground.
15. When the Israelites saw it, they asked one another, "What is it?" because they didn't know what it was.
Moses told them, "It is the bread the Lord has given you to eat.
16. This is what the Lord has commanded: 'Gather as much of it as each person needs to eat. You may take two quarts per individual, according to the number of people each of you has in his tent.'"
17. So the Israelites did this. Some gathered a lot, some a little.
18. When they measured it by quarts, the person who gathered a lot had no surplus, and the person who gathered a little had no shortage. Each gathered as much as he needed to eat.
19. Moses said to them, "No one is to let any of it remain until morning."
20. But they didn't listen to Moses; some people left part of it until morning, and it bred worms and stank. Therefore Moses was angry with them.
21. They gathered it every morning. Each gathered as much as he needed to eat, but when the sun grew hot, it melted.
22. On the sixth day they gathered twice as much food, four quarts apiece, and all the leaders of the community came and reported this to Moses.
23. He told them, "This is what the Lord has said: 'Tomorrow is a day of complete rest, a holy Sabbath to the Lord. Bake what you want to bake, and boil what you want to boil, and set aside everything left over to be kept until morning.'"
24. So they set it aside until morning as Moses commanded, and it didn't stink or have maggots in it.
25. "Eat it today," Moses said, "because today is a Sabbath to the Lord. Today you won't find any in the field.
26. For six days you will gather it, but on the seventh day, the Sabbath, there will be none."
27. Yet on the seventh day some of the people went out to gather, but they did not find any.
28. Then the Lord said to Moses, "How long will you refuse to keep my commands and instructions?
29. Understand that the Lord has given you the Sabbath; therefore on the sixth day he will give you two days' worth of bread. Each of you stay where you are; no one is to leave his place on the seventh day."
30. So the people rested on the seventh day.
31. The house of Israel named the substance manna. It resembled coriander seed, was white, and tasted like wafers made with honey.
32. Moses said, "This is what the Lord has commanded: 'Two quarts of it are to be preserved throughout your generations, so that they may see the bread I fed you in the wilderness when I brought you out of the land of Egypt.'"
33. Moses told Aaron, "Take a container and put two quarts of manna in it. Then place it before the Lord to be preserved throughout your generations."
34. As the Lord commanded Moses, Aaron placed it before the testimony to be preserved.
35. The Israelites ate manna for forty years, until they came to an inhabited land. They ate manna until they reached the border of the land of Canaan.
36. (They used a measure called an omer, which held two quarts.)
1 The entire Israelite community departed from Elim and came to the Wilderness of Sin, which is between Elim and Sinai, on the fifteenth day of the second month after they had left the land of Egypt.
2 The entire Israelite community grumbled against Moses and Aaron in the wilderness.
3 The Israelites said to them, “If only we had died by the Lord’s hand in the land of Egypt, when we sat by pots of meat and ate all the bread we wanted. Instead, you brought us into this wilderness to make this whole assembly die of hunger!”
4 Then the Lord said to Moses, “I am going to rain bread from heaven for you. The people are to go out each day and gather enough for that day. This way I will test them to see whether or not they will follow my instructions.
5 On the sixth day, when they prepare what they bring in, it will be twice as much as they gather on other days.”
6 So Moses and Aaron said to all the Israelites, “This evening you will know that it was the Lord who brought you out of the land of Egypt,
7 and in the morning you will see the Lord’s glory because he has heard your complaints about him. For who are we that you complain about us?”
8 Moses continued, “The Lord will give you meat to eat this evening and all the bread you want in the morning, for he has heard the complaints that you are raising against him. Who are we? Your complaints are not against us but against the Lord.”
9 Then Moses told Aaron, “Say to the entire Israelite community, ‘Come before the Lord, for he has heard your complaints.’”
10 As Aaron was speaking to the entire Israelite community, they turned toward the wilderness, and there in a cloud the Lord’s glory appeared.
11 The Lord spoke to Moses,
12 “I have heard the complaints of the Israelites. Tell them: At twilight you will eat meat, and in the morning you will eat bread until you are full. Then you will know that I am the Lord your God.”
13 So at evening quail came and covered the camp. In the morning there was a layer of dew all around the camp.
14 When the layer of dew evaporated, there were fine flakes on the desert surface, as fine as frost on the ground.
15 When the Israelites saw it, they asked one another, “What is it?” because they didn’t know what it was.
Moses told them, “It is the bread the Lord has given you to eat.
16 This is what the Lord has commanded: ‘Gather as much of it as each person needs to eat. You may take two quarts per individual, according to the number of people each of you has in his tent.’”
17 So the Israelites did this. Some gathered a lot, some a little.
18 When they measured it by quarts, the person who gathered a lot had no surplus, and the person who gathered a little had no shortage. Each gathered as much as he needed to eat.
19 Moses said to them, “No one is to let any of it remain until morning.”
20 But they didn’t listen to Moses; some people left part of it until morning, and it bred worms and stank. Therefore Moses was angry with them.
21 They gathered it every morning. Each gathered as much as he needed to eat, but when the sun grew hot, it melted.
22 On the sixth day they gathered twice as much food, four quarts apiece, and all the leaders of the community came and reported this to Moses.
23 He told them, “This is what the Lord has said: ‘Tomorrow is a day of complete rest, a holy Sabbath to the Lord. Bake what you want to bake, and boil what you want to boil, and set aside everything left over to be kept until morning.’”
24 So they set it aside until morning as Moses commanded, and it didn’t stink or have maggots in it.
25 “Eat it today,” Moses said, “because today is a Sabbath to the Lord. Today you won’t find any in the field.
26 For six days you will gather it, but on the seventh day, the Sabbath, there will be none.”
27 Yet on the seventh day some of the people went out to gather, but they did not find any.
28 Then the Lord said to Moses, “How long will you refuse to keep my commands and instructions?
29 Understand that the Lord has given you the Sabbath; therefore on the sixth day he will give you two days’ worth of bread. Each of you stay where you are; no one is to leave his place on the seventh day.”
30 So the people rested on the seventh day.
31 The house of Israel named the substance manna. It resembled coriander seed, was white, and tasted like wafers made with honey.
32 Moses said, “This is what the Lord has commanded: ‘Two quarts of it are to be preserved throughout your generations, so that they may see the bread I fed you in the wilderness when I brought you out of the land of Egypt.’”
33 Moses told Aaron, “Take a container and put two quarts of manna in it. Then place it before the Lord to be preserved throughout your generations.”
34 As the Lord commanded Moses, Aaron placed it before the testimony to be preserved.
35 The Israelites ate manna for forty years, until they came to an inhabited land. They ate manna until they reached the border of the land of Canaan.
36 (They used a measure called an omer, which held two quarts.)

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Water from the Rock
# Chapter 17
1. The entire Israelite community left the Wilderness of Sin, moving from one place to the next according to the Lord's command. They camped at Rephidim, but there was no water for the people to drink.
2. So the people complained to Moses, "Give us water to drink."
"Why are you complaining to me?" Moses replied to them. "Why are you testing the Lord?"
3. But the people thirsted there for water and grumbled against Moses. They said, "Why did you ever bring us up from Egypt to kill us and our children and our livestock with thirst?"
4. Then Moses cried out to the Lord, "What should I do with these people? In a little while they will stone me!"
5. The Lord answered Moses, "Go on ahead of the people and take some of the elders of Israel with you. Take the staff you struck the Nile with in your hand and go.
6. I am going to stand there in front of you on the rock at Horeb; when you hit the rock, water will come out of it and the people will drink." Moses did this in the sight of the elders of Israel.
7. He named the place Massah and Meribah because the Israelites complained, and because they tested the Lord, saying, "Is the Lord among us or not?"
The Amalekites Attack
8. At Rephidim, Amalek came and fought against Israel.
9. Moses said to Joshua, "Select some men for us and go fight against Amalek. Tomorrow I will stand on the hilltop with God's staff in my hand."
10. Joshua did as Moses had told him, and fought against Amalek, while Moses, Aaron, and Hur went up to the top of the hill.
11. While Moses held up his hand, Israel prevailed, but whenever he put his hand down, Amalek prevailed.
12. When Moses's hands grew heavy, they took a stone and put it under him, and he sat down on it. Then Aaron and Hur supported his hands, one on one side and one on the other so that his hands remained steady until the sun went down.
13. So Joshua defeated Amalek and his army with the sword.
14. The Lord then said to Moses, "Write this down on a scroll as a reminder and recite it to Joshua: I will completely blot out the memory of Amalek under heaven."
15. And Moses built an altar and named it, "The Lord Is My Banner."
16. He said, "Indeed, my hand is lifted up toward the Lord's throne. The Lord will be at war with Amalek from generation to generation."
1 The entire Israelite community left the Wilderness of Sin, moving from one place to the next according to the Lord’s command. They camped at Rephidim, but there was no water for the people to drink.
2 So the people complained to Moses, “Give us water to drink.”
“Why are you complaining to me?” Moses replied to them. “Why are you testing the Lord?”
3 But the people thirsted there for water and grumbled against Moses. They said, “Why did you ever bring us up from Egypt to kill us and our children and our livestock with thirst?”
4 Then Moses cried out to the Lord, “What should I do with these people? In a little while they will stone me!”
5 The Lord answered Moses, “Go on ahead of the people and take some of the elders of Israel with you. Take the staff you struck the Nile with in your hand and go.
6 I am going to stand there in front of you on the rock at Horeb; when you hit the rock, water will come out of it and the people will drink.” Moses did this in the sight of the elders of Israel.
7 He named the place Massah and Meribah because the Israelites complained, and because they tested the Lord, saying, “Is the Lord among us or not?”
8 At Rephidim, Amalek came and fought against Israel.
9 Moses said to Joshua, “Select some men for us and go fight against Amalek. Tomorrow I will stand on the hilltop with God’s staff in my hand.”
10 Joshua did as Moses had told him, and fought against Amalek, while Moses, Aaron, and Hur went up to the top of the hill.
11 While Moses held up his hand, Israel prevailed, but whenever he put his hand down, Amalek prevailed.
12 When Moses’s hands grew heavy, they took a stone and put it under him, and he sat down on it. Then Aaron and Hur supported his hands, one on one side and one on the other so that his hands remained steady until the sun went down.
13 So Joshua defeated Amalek and his army with the sword.
14 The Lord then said to Moses, “Write this down on a scroll as a reminder and recite it to Joshua: I will completely blot out the memory of Amalek under heaven.”
15 And Moses built an altar and named it, “The Lord Is My Banner.”
16 He said, “Indeed, my hand is lifted up toward the Lord’s throne. The Lord will be at war with Amalek from generation to generation.”

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Jethro's Visit
# Chapter 18
1. Moses's father-in-law, Jethro, the priest of Midian, heard about everything that God had done for Moses and for God's people Israel when the Lord brought Israel out of Egypt.
2. Now Jethro, Moses's father-in-law, had taken in Zipporah, Moses's wife, after he had sent her back,
3. along with her two sons, one of whom was named Gershom (because Moses had said, "I have been a resident alien in a foreign land")
4. and the other Eliezer (because he had said, "The God of my father was my helper and rescued me from Pharaoh's sword").
5. Moses's father-in-law, Jethro, along with Moses's wife and sons, came to him in the wilderness where he was camped at the mountain of God.
6. He sent word to Moses, "I, your father-in-law Jethro, am coming to you with your wife and her two sons."
7. So Moses went out to meet his father-in-law, bowed down, and then kissed him. They asked each other how they had been and went into the tent.
8. Moses recounted to his father-in-law all that the Lord had done to Pharaoh and the Egyptians for Israel's sake, all the hardships that confronted them on the way, and how the Lord rescued them.
9. Jethro rejoiced over all the good things the Lord had done for Israel when he rescued them from the power of the Egyptians.
10. "Blessed be the Lord," Jethro exclaimed, "who rescued you from the power of Egypt and from the power of Pharaoh. He has rescued the people from under the power of Egypt!
11. Now I know that the Lord is greater than all gods, because he did wonders when the Egyptians acted arrogantly against Israel."
12. Then Jethro, Moses's father-in-law, brought a burnt offering and sacrifices to God, and Aaron came with all the elders of Israel to eat a meal with Moses's father-in-law in God's presence.
13. The next day Moses sat down to judge the people, and they stood around Moses from morning until evening.
14. When Moses's father-in-law saw everything he was doing for them he asked, "What is this you're doing for the people? Why are you alone sitting as judge, while all the people stand around you from morning until evening?"
15. Moses replied to his father-in-law, "Because the people come to me to inquire of God.
16. Whenever they have a dispute, it comes to me, and I make a decision between one man and another. I teach them God's statutes and laws."
17. "What you're doing is not good," Moses's father-in-law said to him.
18. "You will certainly wear out both yourself and these people who are with you, because the task is too heavy for you. You can't do it alone.
19. Now listen to me; I will give you some advice, and God be with you. You be the one to represent the people before God and bring their cases to him.
20. Instruct them about the statutes and laws, and teach them the way to live and what they must do.
21. But you should select from all the people able men, God-fearing, trustworthy, and hating dishonest profit. Place them over the people as commanders of thousands, hundreds, fifties, and tens.
22. They should judge the people at all times. Then they can bring you every major case but judge every minor case themselves. In this way you will lighten your load, and they will bear it with you.
23. If you do this, and God so directs you, you will be able to endure, and also all these people will be able to go home satisfied."
24. Moses listened to his father-in-law and did everything he said.
25. So Moses chose able men from all Israel and made them leaders over the people as commanders of thousands, hundreds, fifties, and tens.
26. They judged the people at all times; they would bring the hard cases to Moses, but they would judge every minor case themselves.
27. Moses let his father-in-law go, and he journeyed to his own land.
1 Moses’s father-in-law, Jethro, the priest of Midian, heard about everything that God had done for Moses and for God’s people Israel when the Lord brought Israel out of Egypt.
2 Now Jethro, Moses’s father-in-law, had taken in Zipporah, Moses’s wife, after he had sent her back,
3 along with her two sons, one of whom was named Gershom (because Moses had said, “I have been a resident alien in a foreign land”)
4 and the other Eliezer (because he had said, “The God of my father was my helper and rescued me from Pharaoh’s sword”).
5 Moses’s father-in-law, Jethro, along with Moses’s wife and sons, came to him in the wilderness where he was camped at the mountain of God.
6 He sent word to Moses, “I, your father-in-law Jethro, am coming to you with your wife and her two sons.”
7 So Moses went out to meet his father-in-law, bowed down, and then kissed him. They asked each other how they had been and went into the tent.
8 Moses recounted to his father-in-law all that the Lord had done to Pharaoh and the Egyptians for Israel’s sake, all the hardships that confronted them on the way, and how the Lord rescued them.
9 Jethro rejoiced over all the good things the Lord had done for Israel when he rescued them from the power of the Egyptians.
10 “Blessed be the Lord,” Jethro exclaimed, “who rescued you from the power of Egypt and from the power of Pharaoh. He has rescued the people from under the power of Egypt!
11 Now I know that the Lord is greater than all gods, because he did wonders when the Egyptians acted arrogantly against Israel.”
12 Then Jethro, Moses’s father-in-law, brought a burnt offering and sacrifices to God, and Aaron came with all the elders of Israel to eat a meal with Moses’s father-in-law in God’s presence.
13 The next day Moses sat down to judge the people, and they stood around Moses from morning until evening.
14 When Moses’s father-in-law saw everything he was doing for them he asked, “What is this you’re doing for the people? Why are you alone sitting as judge, while all the people stand around you from morning until evening?”
15 Moses replied to his father-in-law, “Because the people come to me to inquire of God.
16 Whenever they have a dispute, it comes to me, and I make a decision between one man and another. I teach them God’s statutes and laws.”
17 “What you’re doing is not good,” Moses’s father-in-law said to him.
18 “You will certainly wear out both yourself and these people who are with you, because the task is too heavy for you. You can’t do it alone.
19 Now listen to me; I will give you some advice, and God be with you. You be the one to represent the people before God and bring their cases to him.
20 Instruct them about the statutes and laws, and teach them the way to live and what they must do.
21 But you should select from all the people able men, God-fearing, trustworthy, and hating dishonest profit. Place them over the people as commanders of thousands, hundreds, fifties, and tens.
22 They should judge the people at all times. Then they can bring you every major case but judge every minor case themselves. In this way you will lighten your load, and they will bear it with you.
23 If you do this, and God so directs you, you will be able to endure, and also all these people will be able to go home satisfied.”
24 Moses listened to his father-in-law and did everything he said.
25 So Moses chose able men from all Israel and made them leaders over the people as commanders of thousands, hundreds, fifties, and tens.
26 They judged the people at all times; they would bring the hard cases to Moses, but they would judge every minor case themselves.
27 Moses let his father-in-law go, and he journeyed to his own land.

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Israel at Sinai
# Chapter 19
1. In the third month from the very day the Israelites left the land of Egypt, they came to the Sinai Wilderness.
2. They traveled from Rephidim, came to the Sinai Wilderness, and camped in the wilderness. Israel camped there in front of the mountain.
3. Moses went up the mountain to God, and the Lord called to him from the mountain: "This is what you must say to the house of Jacob and explain to the Israelites:
4. 'You have seen what I did to the Egyptians and how I carried you on eagles' wings and brought you to myself.
5. Now if you will carefully listen to me and keep my covenant, you will be my own possession out of all the peoples, although the whole earth is mine,
6. and you will be my kingdom of priests and my holy nation.' These are the words that you are to say to the Israelites."
7. After Moses came back, he summoned the elders of the people and set before them all these words that the Lord had commanded him.
8. Then all the people responded together, "We will do all that the Lord has spoken." So Moses brought the people's words back to the Lord.
9. The Lord said to Moses, "I am going to come to you in a dense cloud, so that the people will hear when I speak with you and will always believe you." Moses reported the people's words to the Lord,
10. and the Lord told Moses, "Go to the people and consecrate them today and tomorrow. They must wash their clothes
11. and be prepared by the third day, for on the third day the Lord will come down on Mount Sinai in the sight of all the people.
12. Put boundaries for the people all around the mountain and say: Be careful that you don't go up on the mountain or touch its base. Anyone who touches the mountain must be put to death.
13. No hand may touch him; instead he will be stoned or shot with arrows and not live, whether animal or human. When the ram's horn sounds a long blast, they may go up the mountain."
14. Then Moses came down from the mountain to the people and consecrated them, and they washed their clothes.
15. He said to the people, "Be prepared by the third day. Do not have sexual relations with women."
16. On the third day, when morning came, there was thunder and lightning, a thick cloud on the mountain, and a very loud blast from a ram's horn, so that all the people in the camp shuddered.
17. Then Moses brought the people out of the camp to meet God, and they stood at the foot of the mountain.
18. Mount Sinai was completely enveloped in smoke because the Lord came down on it in fire. Its smoke went up like the smoke of a furnace, and the whole mountain shook violently.
19. As the sound of the ram's horn grew louder and louder, Moses spoke and God answered him in the thunder.
20. The Lord came down on Mount Sinai at the top of the mountain. Then the Lord summoned Moses to the top of the mountain, and he went up.
21. The Lord directed Moses, "Go down and warn the people not to break through to see the Lord; otherwise many of them will die.
22. Even the priests who come near the Lord must consecrate themselves, or the Lord will break out in anger against them."
23. Moses responded to the Lord, "The people cannot come up Mount Sinai, since you warned us: Put a boundary around the mountain and consecrate it."
24. And the Lord replied to him, "Go down and come back with Aaron. But the priests and the people must not break through to come up to the Lord, or he will break out in anger against them."
25. So Moses went down to the people and told them.
1 In the third month from the very day the Israelites left the land of Egypt, they came to the Sinai Wilderness.
2 They traveled from Rephidim, came to the Sinai Wilderness, and camped in the wilderness. Israel camped there in front of the mountain.
3 Moses went up the mountain to God, and the Lord called to him from the mountain: “This is what you must say to the house of Jacob and explain to the Israelites:
4 ‘You have seen what I did to the Egyptians and how I carried you on eagles’ wings and brought you to myself.
5 Now if you will carefully listen to me and keep my covenant, you will be my own possession out of all the peoples, although the whole earth is mine,
6 and you will be my kingdom of priests and my holy nation.’ These are the words that you are to say to the Israelites.”
7 After Moses came back, he summoned the elders of the people and set before them all these words that the Lord had commanded him.
8 Then all the people responded together, “We will do all that the Lord has spoken.” So Moses brought the people’s words back to the Lord.
9 The Lord said to Moses, “I am going to come to you in a dense cloud, so that the people will hear when I speak with you and will always believe you.” Moses reported the people’s words to the Lord,
10 and the Lord told Moses, “Go to the people and consecrate them today and tomorrow. They must wash their clothes
11 and be prepared by the third day, for on the third day the Lord will come down on Mount Sinai in the sight of all the people.
12 Put boundaries for the people all around the mountain and say: Be careful that you don’t go up on the mountain or touch its base. Anyone who touches the mountain must be put to death.
13 No hand may touch him; instead he will be stoned or shot with arrows and not live, whether animal or human. When the ram’s horn sounds a long blast, they may go up the mountain.”
14 Then Moses came down from the mountain to the people and consecrated them, and they washed their clothes.
15 He said to the people, “Be prepared by the third day. Do not have sexual relations with women.”
16 On the third day, when morning came, there was thunder and lightning, a thick cloud on the mountain, and a very loud blast from a ram’s horn, so that all the people in the camp shuddered.
17 Then Moses brought the people out of the camp to meet God, and they stood at the foot of the mountain.
18 Mount Sinai was completely enveloped in smoke because the Lord came down on it in fire. Its smoke went up like the smoke of a furnace, and the whole mountain shook violently.
19 As the sound of the ram’s horn grew louder and louder, Moses spoke and God answered him in the thunder.
20 The Lord came down on Mount Sinai at the top of the mountain. Then the Lord summoned Moses to the top of the mountain, and he went up.
21 The Lord directed Moses, “Go down and warn the people not to break through to see the Lord; otherwise many of them will die.
22 Even the priests who come near the Lord must consecrate themselves, or the Lord will break out in anger against them.”
23 Moses responded to the Lord, “The people cannot come up Mount Sinai, since you warned us: Put a boundary around the mountain and consecrate it.”
24 And the Lord replied to him, “Go down and come back with Aaron. But the priests and the people must not break through to come up to the Lord, or he will break out in anger against them.”
25 So Moses went down to the people and told them.

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The Ten Commandments
# Chapter 20
1. Then God spoke all these words:
2. I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the place of slavery.
3. Do not have other gods besides me.
4. Do not make an idol for yourself, whether in the shape of anything in the heavens above or on the earth below or in the waters under the earth.
5. Do not bow in worship to them, and do not serve them; for I, the Lord your God, am a jealous God, bringing the consequences of the fathers' iniquity on the children to the third and fourth generations of those who hate me,
6. but showing faithful love to a thousand generations of those who love me and keep my commands.
7. Do not misuse the name of the Lord your God, because the Lord will not leave anyone unpunished who misuses his name.
8. Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy:
9. You are to labor six days and do all your work,
10. but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the Lord your God. You must not do any work--you, your son or daughter, your male or female servant, your livestock, or the resident alien who is within your city gates.
11. For the Lord made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and everything in them in six days; then he rested on the seventh day. Therefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day and declared it holy.
12. Honor your father and your mother so that you may have a long life in the land that the Lord your God is giving you.
13. Do not murder.
14. Do not commit adultery.
15. Do not steal.
16. Do not give false testimony against your neighbor.
17. Do not covet your neighbor's house. Do not covet your neighbor's wife, his male or female servant, his ox or donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.
The People's Reaction
18. All the people witnessed the thunder and lightning, the sound of the ram's horn, and the mountain surrounded by smoke. When the people saw it they trembled and stood at a distance.
19. "You speak to us, and we will listen," they said to Moses, "but don't let God speak to us, or we will die."
20. Moses responded to the people, "Don't be afraid, for God has come to test you, so that you will fear him and will not sin."
21. And the people remained standing at a distance as Moses approached the total darkness where God was.
Moses Receives Additional Laws
22. Then the Lord told Moses, "This is what you are to say to the Israelites: You have seen that I have spoken to you from heaven.
23. Do not make gods of silver to rival me; do not make gods of gold for yourselves.
24. "Make an earthen altar for me, and sacrifice on it your burnt offerings and fellowship offerings, your flocks and herds. I will come to you and bless you in every place where I cause my name to be remembered.
25. If you make a stone altar for me, do not build it out of cut stones. If you use your chisel on it, you will defile it.
26. Do not go up to my altar on steps, so that your nakedness is not exposed on it.
1 Then God spoke all these words:
2 I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the place of slavery.
3 Do not have other gods besides me.
4 Do not make an idol for yourself, whether in the shape of anything in the heavens above or on the earth below or in the waters under the earth.
5 Do not bow in worship to them, and do not serve them; for I, the Lord your God, am a jealous God, bringing the consequences of the fathers’ iniquity on the children to the third and fourth generations of those who hate me,
6 but showing faithful love to a thousand generations of those who love me and keep my commands.
7 Do not misuse the name of the Lord your God, because the Lord will not leave anyone unpunished who misuses his name.
8 Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy:
9 You are to labor six days and do all your work,
10 but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the Lord your God. You must not do any work—you, your son or daughter, your male or female servant, your livestock, or the resident alien who is within your city gates.
11 For the Lord made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and everything in them in six days; then he rested on the seventh day. Therefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day and declared it holy.
12 Honor your father and your mother so that you may have a long life in the land that the Lord your God is giving you.
13 Do not murder.
14 Do not commit adultery.
15 Do not steal.
16 Do not give false testimony against your neighbor.
17 Do not covet your neighbor’s house. Do not covet your neighbor’s wife, his male or female servant, his ox or donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.
18 All the people witnessed the thunder and lightning, the sound of the ram’s horn, and the mountain surrounded by smoke. When the people saw it they trembled and stood at a distance.
19 “You speak to us, and we will listen,” they said to Moses, “but don’t let God speak to us, or we will die.”
20 Moses responded to the people, “Don’t be afraid, for God has come to test you, so that you will fear him and will not sin.”
21 And the people remained standing at a distance as Moses approached the total darkness where God was.
22 Then the Lord told Moses, “This is what you are to say to the Israelites: You have seen that I have spoken to you from heaven.
23 Do not make gods of silver to rival me; do not make gods of gold for yourselves.
24 “Make an earthen altar for me, and sacrifice on it your burnt offerings and fellowship offerings, your flocks and herds. I will come to you and bless you in every place where I cause my name to be remembered.
25 If you make a stone altar for me, do not build it out of cut stones. If you use your chisel on it, you will defile it.
26 Do not go up to my altar on steps, so that your nakedness is not exposed on it.

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# Chapter 21
1. "These are the ordinances that you are to set before them:
Laws about Slaves
2. "When you buy a Hebrew slave, he is to serve for six years; then in the seventh he is to leave as a free man without paying anything.
3. If he arrives alone, he is to leave alone; if he arrives with a wife, his wife is to leave with him.
4. If his master gives him a wife and she bears him sons or daughters, the wife and her children belong to her master, and the man must leave alone.
5. "But if the slave declares, 'I love my master, my wife, and my children; I do not want to leave as a free man,'
6. his master is to bring him to the judges and then bring him to the door or doorpost. His master will pierce his ear with an awl, and he will serve his master for life.
7. "When a man sells his daughter as a concubine, she is not to leave as the male slaves do.
8. If she is displeasing to her master, who chose her for himself, then he must let her be redeemed. He has no right to sell her to foreigners because he has acted treacherously toward her.
9. Or if he chooses her for his son, he must deal with her according to the customary treatment of daughters.
10. If he takes an additional wife, he must not reduce the food, clothing, or marital rights of the first wife.
11. And if he does not do these three things for her, she may leave free of charge, without any payment.
Laws about Personal Injury
12. "Whoever strikes a person so that he dies must be put to death.
13. But if he did not intend any harm, and yet God allowed it to happen, I will appoint a place for you where he may flee.
14. If a person schemes and willfully acts against his neighbor to murder him, you must take him from my altar to be put to death.
15. "Whoever strikes his father or his mother must be put to death.
16. "Whoever kidnaps a person must be put to death, whether he sells him or the person is found in his possession.
17. "Whoever curses his father or his mother must be put to death.
18. "When men quarrel and one strikes the other with a stone or his fist, and the injured man does not die but is confined to bed,
19. if he can later get up and walk around outside leaning on his staff, then the one who struck him will be exempt from punishment. Nevertheless, he must pay for his lost work time and provide for his complete recovery.
20. "When a man strikes his male or female slave with a rod, and the slave dies under his abuse, the owner must be punished.
21. However, if the slave can stand up after a day or two, the owner should not be punished because he is his owner's property.
22. "When men get in a fight and hit a pregnant woman so that her children are born prematurely but there is no injury, the one who hit her must be fined as the woman's husband demands from him, and he must pay according to judicial assessment.
23. If there is an injury, then you must give life for life,
24. eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,
25. burn for burn, bruise for bruise, wound for wound.
26. "When a man strikes the eye of his male or female slave and destroys it, he must let the slave go free in compensation for his eye.
27. If he knocks out the tooth of his male or female slave, he must let the slave go free in compensation for his tooth.
28. "When an ox gores a man or a woman to death, the ox must be stoned, and its meat may not be eaten, but the ox's owner is innocent.
29. However, if the ox was in the habit of goring, and its owner has been warned yet does not restrain it, and it kills a man or a woman, the ox must be stoned, and its owner must also be put to death.
30. If instead a ransom is demanded of him, he can pay a redemption price for his life in the full amount demanded from him.
31. If it gores a son or a daughter, he is to be dealt with according to this same law.
32. If the ox gores a male or female slave, he must give thirty shekels of silver to the slave's master, and the ox must be stoned.
33. "When a man uncovers a pit or digs a pit, and does not cover it, and an ox or a donkey falls into it,
34. the owner of the pit must give compensation; he must pay to its owner, but the dead animal will become his.
35. "When a man's ox injures his neighbor's ox and it dies, they must sell the live ox and divide its proceeds; they must also divide the dead animal.
36. If, however, it is known that the ox was in the habit of goring, yet its owner has not restrained it, he must compensate fully, ox for ox; the dead animal will become his.
1 “These are the ordinances that you are to set before them:
2 “When you buy a Hebrew slave, he is to serve for six years; then in the seventh he is to leave as a free man without paying anything.
3 If he arrives alone, he is to leave alone; if he arrives with a wife, his wife is to leave with him.
4 If his master gives him a wife and she bears him sons or daughters, the wife and her children belong to her master, and the man must leave alone.
5 “But if the slave declares, ‘I love my master, my wife, and my children; I do not want to leave as a free man,’
6 his master is to bring him to the judges and then bring him to the door or doorpost. His master will pierce his ear with an awl, and he will serve his master for life.
7 “When a man sells his daughter as a concubine, she is not to leave as the male slaves do.
8 If she is displeasing to her master, who chose her for himself, then he must let her be redeemed. He has no right to sell her to foreigners because he has acted treacherously toward her.
9 Or if he chooses her for his son, he must deal with her according to the customary treatment of daughters.
10 If he takes an additional wife, he must not reduce the food, clothing, or marital rights of the first wife.
11 And if he does not do these three things for her, she may leave free of charge, without any payment.
12 “Whoever strikes a person so that he dies must be put to death.
13 But if he did not intend any harm, and yet God allowed it to happen, I will appoint a place for you where he may flee.
14 If a person schemes and willfully acts against his neighbor to murder him, you must take him from my altar to be put to death.
15 “Whoever strikes his father or his mother must be put to death.
16 “Whoever kidnaps a person must be put to death, whether he sells him or the person is found in his possession.
17 “Whoever curses his father or his mother must be put to death.
18 “When men quarrel and one strikes the other with a stone or his fist, and the injured man does not die but is confined to bed,
19 if he can later get up and walk around outside leaning on his staff, then the one who struck him will be exempt from punishment. Nevertheless, he must pay for his lost work time and provide for his complete recovery.
20 “When a man strikes his male or female slave with a rod, and the slave dies under his abuse, the owner must be punished.
21 However, if the slave can stand up after a day or two, the owner should not be punished because he is his owner’s property.
22 “When men get in a fight and hit a pregnant woman so that her children are born prematurely but there is no injury, the one who hit her must be fined as the woman’s husband demands from him, and he must pay according to judicial assessment.
23 If there is an injury, then you must give life for life,
24 eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,
25 burn for burn, bruise for bruise, wound for wound.
26 “When a man strikes the eye of his male or female slave and destroys it, he must let the slave go free in compensation for his eye.
27 If he knocks out the tooth of his male or female slave, he must let the slave go free in compensation for his tooth.
28 “When an ox gores a man or a woman to death, the ox must be stoned, and its meat may not be eaten, but the ox’s owner is innocent.
29 However, if the ox was in the habit of goring, and its owner has been warned yet does not restrain it, and it kills a man or a woman, the ox must be stoned, and its owner must also be put to death.
30 If instead a ransom is demanded of him, he can pay a redemption price for his life in the full amount demanded from him.
31 If it gores a son or a daughter, he is to be dealt with according to this same law.
32 If the ox gores a male or female slave, he must give thirty shekels of silver to the slave’s master, and the ox must be stoned.
33 “When a man uncovers a pit or digs a pit, and does not cover it, and an ox or a donkey falls into it,
34 the owner of the pit must give compensation; he must pay to its owner, but the dead animal will become his.
35 “When a man’s ox injures his neighbor’s ox and it dies, they must sell the live ox and divide its proceeds; they must also divide the dead animal.
36 If, however, it is known that the ox was in the habit of goring, yet its owner has not restrained it, he must compensate fully, ox for ox; the dead animal will become his.

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Laws about Theft
# Chapter 22
1. "When a man steals an ox or a sheep and butchers it or sells it, he must repay five cattle for the ox or four sheep for the sheep.
2. If a thief is caught in the act of breaking in, and he is beaten to death, no one is guilty of bloodshed.
3. But if this happens after sunrise, the householder is guilty of bloodshed. A thief must make full restitution. If he is unable, he is to be sold because of his theft.
4. If what was stolen--whether ox, donkey, or sheep--is actually found alive in his possession, he must repay double.
Laws about Crop Protection
5. "When a man lets a field or vineyard be grazed in, and then allows his animals to go and graze in someone else's field, he must repay with the best of his own field or vineyard.
6. "When a fire gets out of control, spreads to thornbushes, and consumes stacks of cut grain, standing grain, or a field, the one who started the fire must make full restitution for what was burned.
Laws about Personal Property
7. "When a man gives his neighbor valuables or goods to keep, but they are stolen from that person's house, the thief, if caught, must repay double.
8. If the thief is not caught, the owner of the house must present himself to the judges to determine whether or not he has taken his neighbor's property.
9. In any case of wrongdoing involving an ox, a donkey, a sheep, a garment, or anything else lost, and someone claims, 'That's mine,' the case between the two parties is to come before the judges. The one the judges condemn must repay double to his neighbor.
10. "When a man gives his neighbor a donkey, an ox, a sheep, or any other animal to care for, but it dies, is injured, or is stolen, while no one is watching,
11. there must be an oath before the Lord between the two of them to determine whether or not he has taken his neighbor's property. Its owner must accept the oath, and the other man does not have to make restitution.
12. But if, in fact, the animal was stolen from his custody, he must make restitution to its owner.
13. If it was actually torn apart by a wild animal, he is to bring it as evidence; he does not have to make restitution for the torn carcass.
14. "When a man borrows an animal from his neighbor, and it is injured or dies while its owner is not there with it, the man must make full restitution.
15. If its owner is there with it, the man does not have to make restitution. If it was rented, the loss is covered by its rental price.
Laws about Seduction
16. "If a man seduces a virgin who is not engaged, and he sleeps with her, he must certainly pay the bridal price for her to be his wife.
17. If her father absolutely refuses to give her to him, he must pay an amount in silver equal to the bridal price for virgins.
Capital Offenses
18. "Do not allow a sorceress to live.
19. "Whoever has sexual intercourse with an animal must be put to death.
20. "Whoever sacrifices to any gods, except the Lord alone, is to be set apart for destruction.
Laws Protecting the Vulnerable
21. "You must not exploit a resident alien or oppress him, since you were resident aliens in the land of Egypt.
22. "You must not mistreat any widow or fatherless child.
23. If you do mistreat them, they will no doubt cry to me, and I will certainly hear their cry.
24. My anger will burn, and I will kill you with the sword; then your wives will be widows and your children fatherless.
25. "If you lend silver to my people, to the poor person among you, you must not be like a creditor to him; you must not charge him interest.
26. "If you ever take your neighbor's cloak as collateral, return it to him before sunset.
27. For it is his only covering; it is the clothing for his body. What will he sleep in? And if he cries out to me, I will listen because I am gracious.
Respect for God
28. "You must not blaspheme God or curse a leader among your people.
29. "You must not hold back offerings from your harvest or your vats. Give me the firstborn of your sons.
30. Do the same with your cattle and your flock. Let them stay with their mothers for seven days, but on the eighth day you are to give them to me.
31. "Be my holy people. You must not eat the meat of a mauled animal found in the field; throw it to the dogs.
1 “When a man steals an ox or a sheep and butchers it or sells it, he must repay five cattle for the ox or four sheep for the sheep.
2 If a thief is caught in the act of breaking in, and he is beaten to death, no one is guilty of bloodshed.
3 But if this happens after sunrise, the householder is guilty of bloodshed. A thief must make full restitution. If he is unable, he is to be sold because of his theft.
4 If what was stolen—whether ox, donkey, or sheep—is actually found alive in his possession, he must repay double.
5 “When a man lets a field or vineyard be grazed in, and then allows his animals to go and graze in someone else’s field, he must repay with the best of his own field or vineyard.
6 “When a fire gets out of control, spreads to thornbushes, and consumes stacks of cut grain, standing grain, or a field, the one who started the fire must make full restitution for what was burned.
7 “When a man gives his neighbor valuables or goods to keep, but they are stolen from that person’s house, the thief, if caught, must repay double.
8 If the thief is not caught, the owner of the house must present himself to the judges to determine whether or not he has taken his neighbor’s property.
9 In any case of wrongdoing involving an ox, a donkey, a sheep, a garment, or anything else lost, and someone claims, ‘That’s mine,’ the case between the two parties is to come before the judges. The one the judges condemn must repay double to his neighbor.
10 “When a man gives his neighbor a donkey, an ox, a sheep, or any other animal to care for, but it dies, is injured, or is stolen, while no one is watching,
11 there must be an oath before the Lord between the two of them to determine whether or not he has taken his neighbor’s property. Its owner must accept the oath, and the other man does not have to make restitution.
12 But if, in fact, the animal was stolen from his custody, he must make restitution to its owner.
13 If it was actually torn apart by a wild animal, he is to bring it as evidence; he does not have to make restitution for the torn carcass.
14 “When a man borrows an animal from his neighbor, and it is injured or dies while its owner is not there with it, the man must make full restitution.
15 If its owner is there with it, the man does not have to make restitution. If it was rented, the loss is covered by its rental price.
16 “If a man seduces a virgin who is not engaged, and he sleeps with her, he must certainly pay the bridal price for her to be his wife.
17 If her father absolutely refuses to give her to him, he must pay an amount in silver equal to the bridal price for virgins.
18 “Do not allow a sorceress to live.
19 “Whoever has sexual intercourse with an animal must be put to death.
20 “Whoever sacrifices to any gods, except the Lord alone, is to be set apart for destruction.
21 “You must not exploit a resident alien or oppress him, since you were resident aliens in the land of Egypt.
22 “You must not mistreat any widow or fatherless child.
23 If you do mistreat them, they will no doubt cry to me, and I will certainly hear their cry.
24 My anger will burn, and I will kill you with the sword; then your wives will be widows and your children fatherless.
25 “If you lend silver to my people, to the poor person among you, you must not be like a creditor to him; you must not charge him interest.
26 “If you ever take your neighbor’s cloak as collateral, return it to him before sunset.
27 For it is his only covering; it is the clothing for his body. What will he sleep in? And if he cries out to me, I will listen because I am gracious.
28 “You must not blaspheme God or curse a leader among your people.
29 “You must not hold back offerings from your harvest or your vats. Give me the firstborn of your sons.
30 Do the same with your cattle and your flock. Let them stay with their mothers for seven days, but on the eighth day you are to give them to me.
31 “Be my holy people. You must not eat the meat of a mauled animal found in the field; throw it to the dogs.

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Laws about Honesty and Justice
# Chapter 23
1. "You must not spread a false report. Do not join the wicked to be a malicious witness.
2. "You must not follow a crowd in wrongdoing. Do not testify in a lawsuit and go along with a crowd to pervert justice.
3. Do not show favoritism to a poor person in his lawsuit.
4. "If you come across your enemy's stray ox or donkey, you must return it to him.
5. "If you see the donkey of someone who hates you lying helpless under its load, and you want to refrain from helping it, you must help with it.
6. "You must not deny justice to a poor person among you in his lawsuit.
7. Stay far away from a false accusation. Do not kill the innocent and the just, because I will not justify the guilty.
8. You must not take a bribe, for a bribe blinds the clear-sighted and corrupts the words of the righteous.
9. You must not oppress a resident alien; you yourselves know how it feels to be a resident alien because you were resident aliens in the land of Egypt.
Sabbaths and Festivals
10. "Sow your land for six years and gather its produce.
11. But during the seventh year you are to let it rest and leave it uncultivated, so that the poor among your people may eat from it and the wild animals may consume what they leave. Do the same with your vineyard and your olive grove.
12. "Do your work for six days but rest on the seventh day so that your ox and your donkey may rest, and the son of your female slave as well as the resident alien may be refreshed.
13. "Pay strict attention to everything I have said to you. You must not invoke the names of other gods; they must not be heard on your lips.
14. "Celebrate a festival in my honor three times a year.
15. Observe the Festival of Unleavened Bread. As I commanded you, you are to eat unleavened bread for seven days at the appointed time in the month of Abib, because you came out of Egypt in that month. No one is to appear before me empty-handed.
16. Also observe the Festival of Harvest with the firstfruits of your produce from what you sow in the field, and observe the Festival of Ingathering at the end of the year, when you gather your produce from the field.
17. Three times a year all your males are to appear before the Lord God.
18. "You must not offer the blood of my sacrifices with anything leavened. The fat of my festival offering must not remain until morning.
19. "Bring the best of the firstfruits of your land to the house of the Lord your God.
"You must not boil a young goat in its mother's milk.
Promises and Warnings
20. "I am going to send an angel before you to protect you on the way and bring you to the place I have prepared.
21. Be attentive to him and listen to him. Do not defy him, because he will not forgive your acts of rebellion, for my name is in him.
22. But if you will carefully obey him and do everything I say, then I will be an enemy to your enemies and a foe to your foes.
23. For my angel will go before you and bring you to the land of the Amorites, Hethites, Perizzites, Canaanites, Hivites, and Jebusites, and I will wipe them out.
24. Do not bow in worship to their gods, and do not serve them. Do not imitate their practices. Instead, demolish them and smash their sacred pillars to pieces.
25. Serve the Lord your God, and he will bless your bread and your water. I will remove illnesses from you.
26. No woman will miscarry or be childless in your land. I will give you the full number of your days.
27. "I will cause the people ahead of you to feel terror and will throw into confusion all the nations you come to. I will make all your enemies turn their backs to you in retreat.
28. I will send hornets in front of you, and they will drive the Hivites, Canaanites, and Hethites away from you.
29. I will not drive them out ahead of you in a single year; otherwise, the land would become desolate, and wild animals would multiply against you.
30. I will drive them out little by little ahead of you until you have become numerous and take possession of the land.
31. I will set your borders from the Red Sea to the Mediterranean Sea, and from the wilderness to the Euphrates River. For I will place the inhabitants of the land under your control, and you will drive them out ahead of you.
32. You must not make a covenant with them or their gods.
33. They must not remain in your land, or else they will make you sin against me. If you serve their gods, it will be a snare for you."
1 “You must not spread a false report. Do not join the wicked to be a malicious witness.
2 “You must not follow a crowd in wrongdoing. Do not testify in a lawsuit and go along with a crowd to pervert justice.
3 Do not show favoritism to a poor person in his lawsuit.
4 “If you come across your enemy’s stray ox or donkey, you must return it to him.
5 “If you see the donkey of someone who hates you lying helpless under its load, and you want to refrain from helping it, you must help with it.
6 “You must not deny justice to a poor person among you in his lawsuit.
7 Stay far away from a false accusation. Do not kill the innocent and the just, because I will not justify the guilty.
8 You must not take a bribe, for a bribe blinds the clear-sighted and corrupts the words of the righteous.
9 You must not oppress a resident alien; you yourselves know how it feels to be a resident alien because you were resident aliens in the land of Egypt.
10 “Sow your land for six years and gather its produce.
11 But during the seventh year you are to let it rest and leave it uncultivated, so that the poor among your people may eat from it and the wild animals may consume what they leave. Do the same with your vineyard and your olive grove.
12 “Do your work for six days but rest on the seventh day so that your ox and your donkey may rest, and the son of your female slave as well as the resident alien may be refreshed.
13 “Pay strict attention to everything I have said to you. You must not invoke the names of other gods; they must not be heard on your lips.
14 “Celebrate a festival in my honor three times a year.
15 Observe the Festival of Unleavened Bread. As I commanded you, you are to eat unleavened bread for seven days at the appointed time in the month of Abib, because you came out of Egypt in that month. No one is to appear before me empty-handed.
16 Also observe the Festival of Harvest with the firstfruits of your produce from what you sow in the field, and observe the Festival of Ingathering at the end of the year, when you gather your produce from the field.
17 Three times a year all your males are to appear before the Lord God.
18 “You must not offer the blood of my sacrifices with anything leavened. The fat of my festival offering must not remain until morning.
19 “Bring the best of the firstfruits of your land to the house of the Lord your God.
“You must not boil a young goat in its mother’s milk.
20 “I am going to send an angel before you to protect you on the way and bring you to the place I have prepared.
21 Be attentive to him and listen to him. Do not defy him, because he will not forgive your acts of rebellion, for my name is in him.
22 But if you will carefully obey him and do everything I say, then I will be an enemy to your enemies and a foe to your foes.
23 For my angel will go before you and bring you to the land of the Amorites, Hethites, Perizzites, Canaanites, Hivites, and Jebusites, and I will wipe them out.
24 Do not bow in worship to their gods, and do not serve them. Do not imitate their practices. Instead, demolish them and smash their sacred pillars to pieces.
25 Serve the Lord your God, and he will bless your bread and your water. I will remove illnesses from you.
26 No woman will miscarry or be childless in your land. I will give you the full number of your days.
27 “I will cause the people ahead of you to feel terror and will throw into confusion all the nations you come to. I will make all your enemies turn their backs to you in retreat.
28 I will send hornets in front of you, and they will drive the Hivites, Canaanites, and Hethites away from you.
29 I will not drive them out ahead of you in a single year; otherwise, the land would become desolate, and wild animals would multiply against you.
30 I will drive them out little by little ahead of you until you have become numerous and take possession of the land.
31 I will set your borders from the Red Sea to the Mediterranean Sea, and from the wilderness to the Euphrates River. For I will place the inhabitants of the land under your control, and you will drive them out ahead of you.
32 You must not make a covenant with them or their gods.
33 They must not remain in your land, or else they will make you sin against me. If you serve their gods, it will be a snare for you.”

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The Covenant Ceremony
# Chapter 24
1. Then he said to Moses, "Go up to the Lord, you and Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu, and seventy of Israel's elders, and bow in worship at a distance.
2. Moses alone is to approach the Lord, but the others are not to approach, and the people are not to go up with him."
3. Moses came and told the people all the commands of the Lord and all the ordinances. Then all the people responded with a single voice, "We will do everything that the Lord has commanded."
4. And Moses wrote down all the words of the Lord. He rose early the next morning and set up an altar and twelve pillars for the twelve tribes of Israel at the base of the mountain.
5. Then he sent out young Israelite men, and they offered burnt offerings and sacrificed bulls as fellowship offerings to the Lord.
6. Moses took half the blood and set it in basins; the other half of the blood he splattered on the altar.
7. He then took the covenant scroll and read it aloud to the people. They responded, "We will do and obey all that the Lord has commanded."
8. Moses took the blood, splattered it on the people, and said, "This is the blood of the covenant that the Lord has made with you concerning all these words."
9. Then Moses went up with Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu, and seventy of Israel's elders,
10. and they saw the God of Israel. Beneath his feet was something like a pavement made of lapis lazuli, as clear as the sky itself.
11. God did not harm the Israelite nobles; they saw him, and they ate and drank.
12. The Lord said to Moses, "Come up to me on the mountain and stay there so that I may give you the stone tablets with the law and commandments I have written for their instruction."
13. So Moses arose with his assistant Joshua and went up the mountain of God.
14. He told the elders, "Wait here for us until we return to you. Aaron and Hur are here with you. Whoever has a dispute should go to them."
15. When Moses went up the mountain, the cloud covered it.
16. The glory of the Lord settled on Mount Sinai, and the cloud covered it for six days. On the seventh day he called to Moses from the cloud.
17. The appearance of the Lord's glory to the Israelites was like a consuming fire on the mountaintop.
18. Moses entered the cloud as he went up the mountain, and he remained on the mountain forty days and forty nights.
1 Then he said to Moses, “Go up to the Lord, you and Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu, and seventy of Israel’s elders, and bow in worship at a distance.
2 Moses alone is to approach the Lord, but the others are not to approach, and the people are not to go up with him.”
3 Moses came and told the people all the commands of the Lord and all the ordinances. Then all the people responded with a single voice, “We will do everything that the Lord has commanded.”
4 And Moses wrote down all the words of the Lord. He rose early the next morning and set up an altar and twelve pillars for the twelve tribes of Israel at the base of the mountain.
5 Then he sent out young Israelite men, and they offered burnt offerings and sacrificed bulls as fellowship offerings to the Lord.
6 Moses took half the blood and set it in basins; the other half of the blood he splattered on the altar.
7 He then took the covenant scroll and read it aloud to the people. They responded, “We will do and obey all that the Lord has commanded.”
8 Moses took the blood, splattered it on the people, and said, “This is the blood of the covenant that the Lord has made with you concerning all these words.”
9 Then Moses went up with Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu, and seventy of Israel’s elders,
10 and they saw the God of Israel. Beneath his feet was something like a pavement made of lapis lazuli, as clear as the sky itself.
11 God did not harm the Israelite nobles; they saw him, and they ate and drank.
12 The Lord said to Moses, “Come up to me on the mountain and stay there so that I may give you the stone tablets with the law and commandments I have written for their instruction.”
13 So Moses arose with his assistant Joshua and went up the mountain of God.
14 He told the elders, “Wait here for us until we return to you. Aaron and Hur are here with you. Whoever has a dispute should go to them.”
15 When Moses went up the mountain, the cloud covered it.
16 The glory of the Lord settled on Mount Sinai, and the cloud covered it for six days. On the seventh day he called to Moses from the cloud.
17 The appearance of the Lord’s glory to the Israelites was like a consuming fire on the mountaintop.
18 Moses entered the cloud as he went up the mountain, and he remained on the mountain forty days and forty nights.

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Offerings to Build the Tabernacle
# Chapter 25
1. The Lord spoke to Moses:
2. "Tell the Israelites to take an offering for me. You are to take my offering from everyone who is willing to give.
3. This is the offering you are to receive from them:
gold, silver, and bronze;
4. blue, purple, and scarlet yarn; fine linen and goat hair;
5. ram skins dyed red and fine leather;
acacia wood;
6. oil for the light; spices for the anointing oil and for the fragrant incense;
7. and onyx along with other gemstones for mounting on the ephod and breastpiece.
8. "They are to make a sanctuary for me so that I may dwell among them.
9. You must make it according to all that I show you--the pattern of the tabernacle as well as the pattern of all its furnishings.
The Ark
10. "They are to make an ark of acacia wood, forty-five inches long, twenty-seven inches wide, and twenty-seven inches high.
11. Overlay it with pure gold; overlay it both inside and out. Also make a gold molding all around it.
12. Cast four gold rings for it and place them on its four feet, two rings on one side and two rings on the other side.
13. Make poles of acacia wood and overlay them with gold.
14. Insert the poles into the rings on the sides of the ark in order to carry the ark with them.
15. The poles are to remain in the rings of the ark; they must not be removed from it.
16. Put the tablets of the testimony that I will give you into the ark.
17. Make a mercy seat of pure gold, forty-five inches long and twenty-seven inches wide.
18. Make two cherubim of gold; make them of hammered work at the two ends of the mercy seat.
19. Make one cherub at one end and one cherub at the other end. At its two ends, make the cherubim of one piece with the mercy seat.
20. The cherubim are to have wings spread out above, covering the mercy seat with their wings, and are to face one another. The faces of the cherubim should be toward the mercy seat.
21. Set the mercy seat on top of the ark and put the tablets of the testimony that I will give you into the ark.
22. I will meet with you there above the mercy seat, between the two cherubim that are over the ark of the testimony; I will speak with you from there about all that I command you regarding the Israelites.
The Table
23. "You are to construct a table of acacia wood, thirty-six inches long, eighteen inches wide, and twenty-seven inches high.
24. Overlay it with pure gold and make a gold molding all around it.
25. Make a three-inch frame all around it and make a gold molding for it all around its frame.
26. Make four gold rings for it, and attach the rings to the four corners at its four legs.
27. The rings should be next to the frame as holders for the poles to carry the table.
28. Make the poles of acacia wood and overlay them with gold, and the table can be carried by them.
29. You are also to make its plates and cups, as well as its pitchers and bowls for pouring drink offerings. Make them out of pure gold.
30. Put the Bread of the Presence on the table before me at all times.
The Lampstand
31. "You are to make a lampstand out of pure, hammered gold. It is to be made of one piece: its base and shaft, its ornamental cups, and its buds and petals.
32. Six branches are to extend from its sides, three branches of the lampstand from one side and three branches of the lampstand from the other side.
33. There are to be three cups shaped like almond blossoms, each with a bud and petals, on one branch, and three cups shaped like almond blossoms, each with a bud and petals, on the next branch. It is to be this way for the six branches that extend from the lampstand.
34. There are to be four cups shaped like almond blossoms on the lampstand shaft along with its buds and petals.
35. For the six branches that extend from the lampstand, a bud must be under the first pair of branches from it, a bud under the second pair of branches from it, and a bud under the third pair of branches from it.
36. Their buds and branches are to be of one piece. All of it is to be a single hammered piece of pure gold.
37. "Make its seven lamps, and set them up so that they illuminate the area in front of it.
38. Its snuffers and firepans must be of pure gold.
39. The lampstand with all these utensils is to be made from seventy-five pounds of pure gold.
40. Be careful to make them according to the pattern you have been shown on the mountain.
1 The Lord spoke to Moses:
2 “Tell the Israelites to take an offering for me. You are to take my offering from everyone who is willing to give.
3 This is the offering you are to receive from them: gold, silver, and bronze;
4 blue, purple, and scarlet yarn; fine linen and goat hair;
5 ram skins dyed red and fine leather; acacia wood;
6 oil for the light; spices for the anointing oil and for the fragrant incense;
7 and onyx along with other gemstones for mounting on the ephod and breastpiece.
8 “They are to make a sanctuary for me so that I may dwell among them.
9 You must make it according to all that I show you—the pattern of the tabernacle as well as the pattern of all its furnishings.
10 “They are to make an ark of acacia wood, forty-five inches long, twenty-seven inches wide, and twenty-seven inches high.
11 Overlay it with pure gold; overlay it both inside and out. Also make a gold molding all around it.
12 Cast four gold rings for it and place them on its four feet, two rings on one side and two rings on the other side.
13 Make poles of acacia wood and overlay them with gold.
14 Insert the poles into the rings on the sides of the ark in order to carry the ark with them.
15 The poles are to remain in the rings of the ark; they must not be removed from it.
16 Put the tablets of the testimony that I will give you into the ark.
17 Make a mercy seat of pure gold, forty-five inches long and twenty-seven inches wide.
18 Make two cherubim of gold; make them of hammered work at the two ends of the mercy seat.
19 Make one cherub at one end and one cherub at the other end. At its two ends, make the cherubim of one piece with the mercy seat.
20 The cherubim are to have wings spread out above, covering the mercy seat with their wings, and are to face one another. The faces of the cherubim should be toward the mercy seat.
21 Set the mercy seat on top of the ark and put the tablets of the testimony that I will give you into the ark.
22 I will meet with you there above the mercy seat, between the two cherubim that are over the ark of the testimony; I will speak with you from there about all that I command you regarding the Israelites.
23 “You are to construct a table of acacia wood, thirty-six inches long, eighteen inches wide, and twenty-seven inches high.
24 Overlay it with pure gold and make a gold molding all around it.
25 Make a three-inch frame all around it and make a gold molding for it all around its frame.
26 Make four gold rings for it, and attach the rings to the four corners at its four legs.
27 The rings should be next to the frame as holders for the poles to carry the table.
28 Make the poles of acacia wood and overlay them with gold, and the table can be carried by them.
29 You are also to make its plates and cups, as well as its pitchers and bowls for pouring drink offerings. Make them out of pure gold.
30 Put the Bread of the Presence on the table before me at all times.
31 “You are to make a lampstand out of pure, hammered gold. It is to be made of one piece: its base and shaft, its ornamental cups, and its buds and petals.
32 Six branches are to extend from its sides, three branches of the lampstand from one side and three branches of the lampstand from the other side.
33 There are to be three cups shaped like almond blossoms, each with a bud and petals, on one branch, and three cups shaped like almond blossoms, each with a bud and petals, on the next branch. It is to be this way for the six branches that extend from the lampstand.
34 There are to be four cups shaped like almond blossoms on the lampstand shaft along with its buds and petals.
35 For the six branches that extend from the lampstand, a bud must be under the first pair of branches from it, a bud under the second pair of branches from it, and a bud under the third pair of branches from it.
36 Their buds and branches are to be of one piece. All of it is to be a single hammered piece of pure gold.
37 “Make its seven lamps, and set them up so that they illuminate the area in front of it.
38 Its snuffers and firepans must be of pure gold.
39 The lampstand with all these utensils is to be made from seventy-five pounds of pure gold.
40 Be careful to make them according to the pattern you have been shown on the mountain.

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The Tabernacle
# Chapter 26
1. "You are to construct the tabernacle itself with ten curtains. You must make them of finely spun linen, and blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, with a design of cherubim worked into them.
2. Each curtain should be forty-two feet long and six feet wide; all the curtains are to have the same measurements.
3. Five of the curtains should be joined together, and the other five curtains joined together.
4. Make loops of blue yarn on the edge of the last curtain in the first set, and do the same on the edge of the outermost curtain in the second set.
5. Make fifty loops on the one curtain and make fifty loops on the edge of the curtain in the second set, so that the loops line up together.
6. Also make fifty gold clasps and join the curtains together with the clasps, so that the tabernacle may be a single unit.
7. "You are to make curtains of goat hair for a tent over the tabernacle; make eleven of these curtains.
8. Each curtain should be forty-five feet long and six feet wide. All eleven curtains are to have the same measurements.
9. Join five of the curtains by themselves, and the other six curtains by themselves. Then fold the sixth curtain double at the front of the tent.
10. Make fifty loops on the edge of one curtain, the outermost in the first set, and make fifty loops on the edge of the corresponding curtain of the second set.
11. Make fifty bronze clasps; put the clasps through the loops and join the tent together so that it is a single unit.
12. As for the flap that remains from the tent curtains, the leftover half curtain is to hang over the back of the tabernacle.
13. What remains along the length of the tent curtains--a half yard on one side and a half yard on the other side--should hang over the sides of the tabernacle on either side to cover it.
14. Make a covering for the tent from ram skins dyed red and a covering of fine leather on top of that.
15. "You are to make upright supports of acacia wood for the tabernacle.
16. Each support is to be fifteen feet long and twenty-seven inches wide.
17. Each support will have two tenons for joining. Do the same for all the supports of the tabernacle.
18. Make the supports for the tabernacle as follows: twenty supports for the south side,
19. and make forty silver bases under the twenty supports, two bases under the first support for its two tenons, and two bases under the next support for its two tenons;
20. twenty supports for the second side of the tabernacle, the north side,
21. along with their forty silver bases, two bases under the first support and two bases under each support;
22. and make six supports for the west side of the tabernacle.
23. Make two additional supports for the two back corners of the tabernacle.
24. They are to be paired at the bottom, and joined together at the top in a single ring. So it should be for both of them; they will serve as the two corners.
25. There are to be eight supports with their silver bases: sixteen bases; two bases under the first support and two bases under each support.
26. "You are to make five crossbars of acacia wood for the supports on one side of the tabernacle,
27. five crossbars for the supports on the other side of the tabernacle, and five crossbars for the supports on the back side of the tabernacle on the west.
28. The central crossbar is to run through the middle of the supports from one end to the other.
29. Then overlay the supports with gold, and make their rings of gold as the holders for the crossbars. Also overlay the crossbars with gold.
30. You are to set up the tabernacle according to the plan for it that you have been shown on the mountain.
31. "You are to make a curtain of blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and finely spun linen with a design of cherubim worked into it.
32. Hang it on four gold-plated pillars of acacia wood that have gold hooks and that stand on four silver bases.
33. Hang the curtain under the clasps and bring the ark of the testimony there behind the curtain, so the curtain will make a separation for you between the holy place and the most holy place.
34. Put the mercy seat on the ark of the testimony in the most holy place.
35. Place the table outside the curtain and the lampstand on the south side of the tabernacle, opposite the table; put the table on the north side.
36. "For the entrance to the tent you are to make a screen embroidered with blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and finely spun linen.
37. Make five pillars of acacia wood for the screen and overlay them with gold; their hooks are to be gold, and you are to cast five bronze bases for them.
1 “You are to construct the tabernacle itself with ten curtains. You must make them of finely spun linen, and blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, with a design of cherubim worked into them.
2 Each curtain should be forty-two feet long and six feet wide; all the curtains are to have the same measurements.
3 Five of the curtains should be joined together, and the other five curtains joined together.
4 Make loops of blue yarn on the edge of the last curtain in the first set, and do the same on the edge of the outermost curtain in the second set.
5 Make fifty loops on the one curtain and make fifty loops on the edge of the curtain in the second set, so that the loops line up together.
6 Also make fifty gold clasps and join the curtains together with the clasps, so that the tabernacle may be a single unit.
7 “You are to make curtains of goat hair for a tent over the tabernacle; make eleven of these curtains.
8 Each curtain should be forty-five feet long and six feet wide. All eleven curtains are to have the same measurements.
9 Join five of the curtains by themselves, and the other six curtains by themselves. Then fold the sixth curtain double at the front of the tent.
10 Make fifty loops on the edge of one curtain, the outermost in the first set, and make fifty loops on the edge of the corresponding curtain of the second set.
11 Make fifty bronze clasps; put the clasps through the loops and join the tent together so that it is a single unit.
12 As for the flap that remains from the tent curtains, the leftover half curtain is to hang over the back of the tabernacle.
13 What remains along the length of the tent curtains—a half yard on one side and a half yard on the other side—should hang over the sides of the tabernacle on either side to cover it.
14 Make a covering for the tent from ram skins dyed red and a covering of fine leather on top of that.
15 “You are to make upright supports of acacia wood for the tabernacle.
16 Each support is to be fifteen feet long and twenty-seven inches wide.
17 Each support will have two tenons for joining. Do the same for all the supports of the tabernacle.
18 Make the supports for the tabernacle as follows: twenty supports for the south side,
19 and make forty silver bases under the twenty supports, two bases under the first support for its two tenons, and two bases under the next support for its two tenons;
20 twenty supports for the second side of the tabernacle, the north side,
21 along with their forty silver bases, two bases under the first support and two bases under each support;
22 and make six supports for the west side of the tabernacle.
23 Make two additional supports for the two back corners of the tabernacle.
24 They are to be paired at the bottom, and joined together at the top in a single ring. So it should be for both of them; they will serve as the two corners.
25 There are to be eight supports with their silver bases: sixteen bases; two bases under the first support and two bases under each support.
26 “You are to make five crossbars of acacia wood for the supports on one side of the tabernacle,
27 five crossbars for the supports on the other side of the tabernacle, and five crossbars for the supports on the back side of the tabernacle on the west.
28 The central crossbar is to run through the middle of the supports from one end to the other.
29 Then overlay the supports with gold, and make their rings of gold as the holders for the crossbars. Also overlay the crossbars with gold.
30 You are to set up the tabernacle according to the plan for it that you have been shown on the mountain.
31 “You are to make a curtain of blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and finely spun linen with a design of cherubim worked into it.
32 Hang it on four gold-plated pillars of acacia wood that have gold hooks and that stand on four silver bases.
33 Hang the curtain under the clasps and bring the ark of the testimony there behind the curtain, so the curtain will make a separation for you between the holy place and the most holy place.
34 Put the mercy seat on the ark of the testimony in the most holy place.
35 Place the table outside the curtain and the lampstand on the south side of the tabernacle, opposite the table; put the table on the north side.
36 “For the entrance to the tent you are to make a screen embroidered with blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and finely spun linen.
37 Make five pillars of acacia wood for the screen and overlay them with gold; their hooks are to be gold, and you are to cast five bronze bases for them.

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The Altar of Burnt Offering
# Chapter 27
1. "You are to construct the altar of acacia wood. The altar must be square, 7<EFBFBD> feet long, and 7<EFBFBD> feet wide; it must be 4<EFBFBD> feet high.
2. Make horns for it on its four corners; the horns are to be of one piece. Overlay it with bronze.
3. Make its pots for removing ashes, and its shovels, basins, meat forks, and firepans; make all its utensils of bronze.
4. Construct a grate for it of bronze mesh, and make four bronze rings on the mesh at its four corners.
5. Set it below, under the altar's ledge, so that the mesh comes halfway up the altar.
6. Then make poles for the altar, poles of acacia wood, and overlay them with bronze.
7. The poles are to be inserted into the rings so that the poles are on two sides of the altar when it is carried.
8. Construct the altar with boards so that it is hollow. They are to make it just as it was shown to you on the mountain.
The Courtyard
9. "You are to make the courtyard for the tabernacle. Make hangings for the south side of the courtyard out of finely spun linen, 150 feet long on that side
10. including twenty posts and twenty bronze bases, with silver hooks and silver bands for the posts.
11. And so make hangings 150 feet long for the north side, including twenty posts and their twenty bronze bases, with silver hooks and silver bands for the posts.
12. For the width of the courtyard, make hangings 75 feet long for the west side, including their ten posts and their ten bases.
13. And for the width of the courtyard on the east side toward the sunrise, 75 feet,
14. make hangings 22<32> feet long for one side of the gate, including their three posts and their three bases.
15. And make hangings 22<32> feet long for the other side, including their three posts and their three bases.
16. The gate of the courtyard is to have a 30-foot screen embroidered with blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and finely spun linen. It is to have four posts and their four bases.
17. "All the posts around the courtyard are to be banded with silver and have silver hooks and bronze bases.
18. The courtyard is to be 150 feet long, 75 feet wide at each end, and 7<> feet high, all of it made of finely spun linen. The bases of the posts are to be bronze.
19. All the utensils of the tabernacle for every use and all its tent pegs as well as all the tent pegs of the courtyard are to be made of bronze.
The Lampstand Oil
20. "You are to command the Israelites to bring you pure oil from crushed olives for the light, in order to keep the lamp burning regularly.
21. In the tent of meeting outside the curtain that is in front of the testimony, Aaron and his sons are to tend the lamp from evening until morning before the Lord. This is to be a permanent statute for the Israelites throughout their generations.
1 “You are to construct the altar of acacia wood. The altar must be square, 7½ feet long, and 7½ feet wide; it must be 4½ feet high.
2 Make horns for it on its four corners; the horns are to be of one piece. Overlay it with bronze.
3 Make its pots for removing ashes, and its shovels, basins, meat forks, and firepans; make all its utensils of bronze.
4 Construct a grate for it of bronze mesh, and make four bronze rings on the mesh at its four corners.
5 Set it below, under the altar’s ledge, so that the mesh comes halfway up the altar.
6 Then make poles for the altar, poles of acacia wood, and overlay them with bronze.
7 The poles are to be inserted into the rings so that the poles are on two sides of the altar when it is carried.
8 Construct the altar with boards so that it is hollow. They are to make it just as it was shown to you on the mountain.
9 “You are to make the courtyard for the tabernacle. Make hangings for the south side of the courtyard out of finely spun linen, 150 feet long on that side
10 including twenty posts and twenty bronze bases, with silver hooks and silver bands for the posts.
11 And so make hangings 150 feet long for the north side, including twenty posts and their twenty bronze bases, with silver hooks and silver bands for the posts.
12 For the width of the courtyard, make hangings 75 feet long for the west side, including their ten posts and their ten bases.
13 And for the width of the courtyard on the east side toward the sunrise, 75 feet,
14 make hangings 22½ feet long for one side of the gate, including their three posts and their three bases.
15 And make hangings 22½ feet long for the other side, including their three posts and their three bases.
16 The gate of the courtyard is to have a 30-foot screen embroidered with blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and finely spun linen. It is to have four posts and their four bases.
17 “All the posts around the courtyard are to be banded with silver and have silver hooks and bronze bases.
18 The courtyard is to be 150 feet long, 75 feet wide at each end, and 7½ feet high, all of it made of finely spun linen. The bases of the posts are to be bronze.
19 All the utensils of the tabernacle for every use and all its tent pegs as well as all the tent pegs of the courtyard are to be made of bronze.
20 “You are to command the Israelites to bring you pure oil from crushed olives for the light, in order to keep the lamp burning regularly.
21 In the tent of meeting outside the curtain that is in front of the testimony, Aaron and his sons are to tend the lamp from evening until morning before the Lord. This is to be a permanent statute for the Israelites throughout their generations.

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The Priestly Garments
# Chapter 28
1. "Have your brother Aaron, with his sons, come to you from the Israelites to serve me as priest--Aaron, his sons Nadab and Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar.
2. Make holy garments for your brother Aaron, for glory and beauty.
3. You are to instruct all the skilled artisans, whom I have filled with a spirit of wisdom, to make Aaron's garments for consecrating him to serve me as priest.
4. These are the garments that they must make: a breastpiece, an ephod, a robe, a specially woven tunic, a turban, and a sash. They are to make holy garments for your brother Aaron and his sons so that they may serve me as priests.
5. They should use gold; blue, purple, and scarlet yarn; and fine linen.
The Ephod
6. "They are to make the ephod of finely spun linen embroidered with gold, and with blue, purple, and scarlet yarn.
7. It must have two shoulder pieces attached to its two edges so that it can be joined together.
8. The artistically woven waistband that is on the ephod must be of one piece, according to the same workmanship of gold, of blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and of finely spun linen.
9. "Take two onyx stones and engrave on them the names of Israel's sons:
10. six of their names on the first stone and the remaining six names on the second stone, in the order of their birth.
11. Engrave the two stones with the names of Israel's sons as a gem cutter engraves a seal. Mount them, surrounded with gold filigree settings.
12. Fasten both stones on the shoulder pieces of the ephod as memorial stones for the Israelites. Aaron will carry their names on his two shoulders before the Lord as a reminder.
13. Fashion gold filigree settings
14. and two chains of pure gold; you will make them of braided cord work, and attach the cord chains to the settings.
The Breastpiece
15. "You are to make an embroidered breastpiece for making decisions. Make it with the same workmanship as the ephod; make it of gold, of blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and of finely spun linen.
16. It must be square and folded double, nine inches long and nine inches wide.
17. Place a setting of gemstones on it, four rows of stones:
1 “Have your brother Aaron, with his sons, come to you from the Israelites to serve me as priest—Aaron, his sons Nadab and Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar.
2 Make holy garments for your brother Aaron, for glory and beauty.
3 You are to instruct all the skilled artisans, whom I have filled with a spirit of wisdom, to make Aaron’s garments for consecrating him to serve me as priest.
4 These are the garments that they must make: a breastpiece, an ephod, a robe, a specially woven tunic, a turban, and a sash. They are to make holy garments for your brother Aaron and his sons so that they may serve me as priests.
5 They should use gold; blue, purple, and scarlet yarn; and fine linen.
6 “They are to make the ephod of finely spun linen embroidered with gold, and with blue, purple, and scarlet yarn.
7 It must have two shoulder pieces attached to its two edges so that it can be joined together.
8 The artistically woven waistband that is on the ephod must be of one piece, according to the same workmanship of gold, of blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and of finely spun linen.
9 “Take two onyx stones and engrave on them the names of Israel’s sons:
10 six of their names on the first stone and the remaining six names on the second stone, in the order of their birth.
11 Engrave the two stones with the names of Israel’s sons as a gem cutter engraves a seal. Mount them, surrounded with gold filigree settings.
12 Fasten both stones on the shoulder pieces of the ephod as memorial stones for the Israelites. Aaron will carry their names on his two shoulders before the Lord as a reminder.
13 Fashion gold filigree settings
14 and two chains of pure gold; you will make them of braided cord work, and attach the cord chains to the settings.
15 “You are to make an embroidered breastpiece for making decisions. Make it with the same workmanship as the ephod; make it of gold, of blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and of finely spun linen.
16 It must be square and folded double, nine inches long and nine inches wide.
17 Place a setting of gemstones on it, four rows of stones:
The first row should be
a row of carnelian, topaz, and emerald;
18. the second row,
18 the second row,
a turquoise, a lapis lazuli, and a diamond;
19. the third row,
19 the third row,
a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst;
20. and the fourth row,
20 and the fourth row,
a beryl, an onyx, and a jasper.
They should be adorned with gold filigree in their settings.
21. The twelve stones are to correspond to the names of Israel's sons. Each stone must be engraved like a seal, with one of the names of the twelve tribes.
22. "You are to make braided chains of pure gold cord work for the breastpiece.
23. Fashion two gold rings for the breastpiece and attach them to its two corners.
24. Then attach the two gold cords to the two gold rings at the corners of the breastpiece.
25. Attach the other ends of the two cords to the two filigree settings, and in this way attach them to the ephod's shoulder pieces in the front.
26. Make two other gold rings and put them at the two other corners of the breastpiece on the edge that is next to the inner border of the ephod.
27. Make two more gold rings and attach them to the bottom of the ephod's two shoulder pieces on its front, close to its seam, and above the ephod's woven waistband.
28. The artisans are to tie the breastpiece from its rings to the rings of the ephod with a cord of blue yarn, so that the breastpiece is above the ephod's waistband and does not come loose from the ephod.
29. "Whenever he enters the sanctuary, Aaron is to carry the names of Israel's sons over his heart on the breastpiece for decisions, as a continual reminder before the Lord.
30. Place the Urim and Thummim in the breastpiece for decisions, so that they will also be over Aaron's heart whenever he comes before the Lord. Aaron will continually carry the means of decisions for the Israelites over his heart before the Lord.
The Robe
31. "You are to make the robe of the ephod entirely of blue yarn.
32. There should be an opening at its top in the center of it. Around the opening, there should be a woven collar with an opening like that of body armor so that it does not tear.
33. Make pomegranates of blue, purple, and scarlet yarn on its lower hem and all around it. Put gold bells between them all the way around,
34. so that gold bells and pomegranates alternate around the lower hem of the robe.
35. The robe will be worn by Aaron whenever he ministers, and its sound will be heard when he enters the sanctuary before the Lord and when he exits, so that he does not die.
The Turban
36. "You are to make a pure gold medallion and engrave it, like the engraving of a seal: Holy to the Lord.
37. Fasten it to a cord of blue yarn so it can be placed on the turban; the medallion is to be on the front of the turban.
38. It will be on Aaron's forehead so that Aaron may bear the guilt connected with the holy offerings that the Israelites consecrate as all their holy gifts. It is always to be on his forehead, so that they may find acceptance with the Lord.
Other Priestly Garments
39. "You are to weave the tunic from fine linen, make a turban of fine linen, and make an embroidered sash.
40. Make tunics, sashes, and headbands for Aaron's sons to give them glory and beauty.
41. Put these on your brother Aaron and his sons; then anoint, ordain, and consecrate them, so that they may serve me as priests.
42. Make them linen undergarments to cover their naked bodies; they must extend from the waist to the thighs.
43. These must be worn by Aaron and his sons whenever they enter the tent of meeting or approach the altar to minister in the sanctuary area, so that they do not incur guilt and die. This is to be a permanent statute for Aaron and for his future descendants.
21 The twelve stones are to correspond to the names of Israel’s sons. Each stone must be engraved like a seal, with one of the names of the twelve tribes.
22 “You are to make braided chains of pure gold cord work for the breastpiece.
23 Fashion two gold rings for the breastpiece and attach them to its two corners.
24 Then attach the two gold cords to the two gold rings at the corners of the breastpiece.
25 Attach the other ends of the two cords to the two filigree settings, and in this way attach them to the ephod’s shoulder pieces in the front.
26 Make two other gold rings and put them at the two other corners of the breastpiece on the edge that is next to the inner border of the ephod.
27 Make two more gold rings and attach them to the bottom of the ephod’s two shoulder pieces on its front, close to its seam, and above the ephod’s woven waistband.
28 The artisans are to tie the breastpiece from its rings to the rings of the ephod with a cord of blue yarn, so that the breastpiece is above the ephod’s waistband and does not come loose from the ephod.
29 “Whenever he enters the sanctuary, Aaron is to carry the names of Israel’s sons over his heart on the breastpiece for decisions, as a continual reminder before the Lord.
30 Place the Urim and Thummim in the breastpiece for decisions, so that they will also be over Aaron’s heart whenever he comes before the Lord. Aaron will continually carry the means of decisions for the Israelites over his heart before the Lord.
31 “You are to make the robe of the ephod entirely of blue yarn.
32 There should be an opening at its top in the center of it. Around the opening, there should be a woven collar with an opening like that of body armor so that it does not tear.
33 Make pomegranates of blue, purple, and scarlet yarn on its lower hem and all around it. Put gold bells between them all the way around,
34 so that gold bells and pomegranates alternate around the lower hem of the robe.
35 The robe will be worn by Aaron whenever he ministers, and its sound will be heard when he enters the sanctuary before the Lord and when he exits, so that he does not die.
36 “You are to make a pure gold medallion and engrave it, like the engraving of a seal: Holy to the Lord.
37 Fasten it to a cord of blue yarn so it can be placed on the turban; the medallion is to be on the front of the turban.
38 It will be on Aaron’s forehead so that Aaron may bear the guilt connected with the holy offerings that the Israelites consecrate as all their holy gifts. It is always to be on his forehead, so that they may find acceptance with the Lord.
39 “You are to weave the tunic from fine linen, make a turban of fine linen, and make an embroidered sash.
40 Make tunics, sashes, and headbands for Aaron’s sons to give them glory and beauty.
41 Put these on your brother Aaron and his sons; then anoint, ordain, and consecrate them, so that they may serve me as priests.
42 Make them linen undergarments to cover their naked bodies; they must extend from the waist to the thighs.
43 These must be worn by Aaron and his sons whenever they enter the tent of meeting or approach the altar to minister in the sanctuary area, so that they do not incur guilt and die. This is to be a permanent statute for Aaron and for his future descendants.

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Instructions about Consecration
# Chapter 29
1. "This is what you are to do for them to consecrate them to serve me as priests. Take a young bull and two unblemished rams,
2. with unleavened bread, unleavened cakes mixed with oil, and unleavened wafers coated with oil. Make them out of fine wheat flour,
3. put them in a basket, and bring them in the basket, along with the bull and two rams.
4. Bring Aaron and his sons to the entrance to the tent of meeting and wash them with water.
5. Then take the garments and clothe Aaron with the tunic, the robe for the ephod, the ephod itself, and the breastpiece; fasten the ephod on him with its woven waistband.
6. Put the turban on his head and place the holy diadem on the turban.
7. Take the anointing oil, pour it on his head, and anoint him.
8. You must also bring his sons and clothe them with tunics.
9. Tie the sashes on Aaron and his sons and fasten headbands on them. The priesthood is to be theirs by a permanent statute. This is the way you will ordain Aaron and his sons.
10. "You are to bring the bull to the front of the tent of meeting, and Aaron and his sons must lay their hands on the bull's head.
11. Slaughter the bull before the Lord at the entrance to the tent of meeting.
12. Take some of the bull's blood and apply it to the horns of the altar with your finger; then pour out all the rest of the blood at the base of the altar.
13. Take all the fat that covers the entrails, the fatty lobe of the liver, and the two kidneys with the fat on them, and burn them on the altar.
14. But burn the bull's flesh, its hide, and its waste outside the camp; it is a sin offering.
15. "Take one ram, and Aaron and his sons are to lay their hands on the ram's head.
16. You are to slaughter the ram, take its blood, and splatter it on all sides of the altar.
17. Cut the ram into pieces. Wash its entrails and legs, and place them with its head and its pieces on the altar.
18. Then burn the whole ram on the altar; it is a burnt offering to the Lord. It is a pleasing aroma, a food offering to the Lord.
19. "You are to take the second ram, and Aaron and his sons must lay their hands on the ram's head.
20. Slaughter the ram, take some of its blood, and put it on Aaron's right earlobe, on his sons' right earlobes, on the thumbs of their right hands, and on the big toes of their right feet. Splatter the remaining blood on all sides of the altar.
21. Take some of the blood that is on the altar and some of the anointing oil, and sprinkle them on Aaron and his garments, as well as on his sons and their garments. So he and his garments will be holy, as well as his sons and their garments.
22. "Take the fat from the ram, the fat tail, the fat covering the entrails, the fatty lobe of the liver, the two kidneys and the fat on them, and the right thigh (since this is a ram for ordination);
23. take one loaf of bread, one cake of bread made with oil, and one wafer from the basket of unleavened bread that is before the Lord;
24. and put all of them in the hands of Aaron and his sons and present them as a presentation offering before the Lord.
25. Take them from their hands and burn them on the altar on top of the burnt offering, as a pleasing aroma before the Lord; it is a food offering to the Lord.
26. "Take the breast from the ram of Aaron's ordination and present it as a presentation offering before the Lord; it is to be your portion.
27. Consecrate for Aaron and his sons the breast of the presentation offering that is presented and the thigh of the contribution that is lifted up from the ram of ordination.
28. This will belong to Aaron and his sons as a regular portion from the Israelites, for it is a contribution. It will be the Israelites' contribution from their fellowship sacrifices, their contribution to the Lord.
29. "The holy garments that belong to Aaron are to belong to his sons after him, so that they can be anointed and ordained in them.
30. Any priest who is one of his sons and who succeeds him and enters the tent of meeting to minister in the sanctuary must wear them for seven days.
31. "You are to take the ram of ordination and boil its flesh in a holy place.
32. Aaron and his sons are to eat the meat of the ram and the bread that is in the basket at the entrance to the tent of meeting.
33. They must eat those things by which atonement was made at the time of their ordination and consecration. An unauthorized person must not eat them, for these things are holy.
34. If any of the meat of ordination or any of the bread is left until morning, burn what is left over. It must not be eaten because it is holy.
35. "This is what you are to do for Aaron and his sons based on all I have commanded you. Take seven days to ordain them.
36. Sacrifice a bull as a sin offering each day for atonement. Purify the altar when you make atonement for it, and anoint it in order to consecrate it.
37. For seven days you must make atonement for the altar and consecrate it. The altar will be especially holy. Whatever touches the altar will be consecrated.
38. "This is what you are to offer regularly on the altar every day: two year-old lambs.
39. In the morning offer one lamb, and at twilight offer the other lamb.
40. With the first lamb offer two quarts of fine flour mixed with one quart of oil from crushed olives, and a drink offering of one quart of wine.
41. You are to offer the second lamb at twilight. Offer a grain offering and a drink offering with it, like the one in the morning, as a pleasing aroma, a food offering to the Lord.
42. This will be a regular burnt offering throughout your generations at the entrance to the tent of meeting before the Lord, where I will meet you to speak with you.
43. I will also meet with the Israelites there, and that place will be consecrated by my glory.
44. I will consecrate the tent of meeting and the altar; I will also consecrate Aaron and his sons to serve me as priests.
45. I will dwell among the Israelites and be their God.
46. And they will know that I am the Lord their God, who brought them out of the land of Egypt, so that I might dwell among them. I am the Lord their God.
1 “This is what you are to do for them to consecrate them to serve me as priests. Take a young bull and two unblemished rams,
2 with unleavened bread, unleavened cakes mixed with oil, and unleavened wafers coated with oil. Make them out of fine wheat flour,
3 put them in a basket, and bring them in the basket, along with the bull and two rams.
4 Bring Aaron and his sons to the entrance to the tent of meeting and wash them with water.
5 Then take the garments and clothe Aaron with the tunic, the robe for the ephod, the ephod itself, and the breastpiece; fasten the ephod on him with its woven waistband.
6 Put the turban on his head and place the holy diadem on the turban.
7 Take the anointing oil, pour it on his head, and anoint him.
8 You must also bring his sons and clothe them with tunics.
9 Tie the sashes on Aaron and his sons and fasten headbands on them. The priesthood is to be theirs by a permanent statute. This is the way you will ordain Aaron and his sons.
10 “You are to bring the bull to the front of the tent of meeting, and Aaron and his sons must lay their hands on the bull’s head.
11 Slaughter the bull before the Lord at the entrance to the tent of meeting.
12 Take some of the bull’s blood and apply it to the horns of the altar with your finger; then pour out all the rest of the blood at the base of the altar.
13 Take all the fat that covers the entrails, the fatty lobe of the liver, and the two kidneys with the fat on them, and burn them on the altar.
14 But burn the bull’s flesh, its hide, and its waste outside the camp; it is a sin offering.
15 “Take one ram, and Aaron and his sons are to lay their hands on the ram’s head.
16 You are to slaughter the ram, take its blood, and splatter it on all sides of the altar.
17 Cut the ram into pieces. Wash its entrails and legs, and place them with its head and its pieces on the altar.
18 Then burn the whole ram on the altar; it is a burnt offering to the Lord. It is a pleasing aroma, a food offering to the Lord.
19 “You are to take the second ram, and Aaron and his sons must lay their hands on the ram’s head.
20 Slaughter the ram, take some of its blood, and put it on Aaron’s right earlobe, on his sons’ right earlobes, on the thumbs of their right hands, and on the big toes of their right feet. Splatter the remaining blood on all sides of the altar.
21 Take some of the blood that is on the altar and some of the anointing oil, and sprinkle them on Aaron and his garments, as well as on his sons and their garments. So he and his garments will be holy, as well as his sons and their garments.
22 “Take the fat from the ram, the fat tail, the fat covering the entrails, the fatty lobe of the liver, the two kidneys and the fat on them, and the right thigh (since this is a ram for ordination);
23 take one loaf of bread, one cake of bread made with oil, and one wafer from the basket of unleavened bread that is before the Lord;
24 and put all of them in the hands of Aaron and his sons and present them as a presentation offering before the Lord.
25 Take them from their hands and burn them on the altar on top of the burnt offering, as a pleasing aroma before the Lord; it is a food offering to the Lord.
26 “Take the breast from the ram of Aaron’s ordination and present it as a presentation offering before the Lord; it is to be your portion.
27 Consecrate for Aaron and his sons the breast of the presentation offering that is presented and the thigh of the contribution that is lifted up from the ram of ordination.
28 This will belong to Aaron and his sons as a regular portion from the Israelites, for it is a contribution. It will be the Israelites’ contribution from their fellowship sacrifices, their contribution to the Lord.
29 “The holy garments that belong to Aaron are to belong to his sons after him, so that they can be anointed and ordained in them.
30 Any priest who is one of his sons and who succeeds him and enters the tent of meeting to minister in the sanctuary must wear them for seven days.
31 “You are to take the ram of ordination and boil its flesh in a holy place.
32 Aaron and his sons are to eat the meat of the ram and the bread that is in the basket at the entrance to the tent of meeting.
33 They must eat those things by which atonement was made at the time of their ordination and consecration. An unauthorized person must not eat them, for these things are holy.
34 If any of the meat of ordination or any of the bread is left until morning, burn what is left over. It must not be eaten because it is holy.
35 “This is what you are to do for Aaron and his sons based on all I have commanded you. Take seven days to ordain them.
36 Sacrifice a bull as a sin offering each day for atonement. Purify the altar when you make atonement for it, and anoint it in order to consecrate it.
37 For seven days you must make atonement for the altar and consecrate it. The altar will be especially holy. Whatever touches the altar will be consecrated.
38 “This is what you are to offer regularly on the altar every day: two year-old lambs.
39 In the morning offer one lamb, and at twilight offer the other lamb.
40 With the first lamb offer two quarts of fine flour mixed with one quart of oil from crushed olives, and a drink offering of one quart of wine.
41 You are to offer the second lamb at twilight. Offer a grain offering and a drink offering with it, like the one in the morning, as a pleasing aroma, a food offering to the Lord.
42 This will be a regular burnt offering throughout your generations at the entrance to the tent of meeting before the Lord, where I will meet you to speak with you.
43 I will also meet with the Israelites there, and that place will be consecrated by my glory.
44 I will consecrate the tent of meeting and the altar; I will also consecrate Aaron and his sons to serve me as priests.
45 I will dwell among the Israelites and be their God.
46 And they will know that I am the Lord their God, who brought them out of the land of Egypt, so that I might dwell among them. I am the Lord their God.

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The Incense Altar
# Chapter 30
1. "You are to make an altar for the burning of incense; make it of acacia wood.
2. It must be square, eighteen inches long and eighteen inches wide; it must be thirty-six inches high. Its horns must be of one piece with it.
3. Overlay its top, all around its sides, and its horns with pure gold; make a gold molding all around it.
4. Make two gold rings for it under the molding on two of its sides; put these on opposite sides of it to be holders for the poles to carry it with.
5. Make the poles of acacia wood and overlay them with gold.
6. "You are to place the altar in front of the curtain by the ark of the testimony--in front of the mercy seat that is over the testimony--where I will meet with you.
7. Aaron must burn fragrant incense on it; he must burn it every morning when he tends the lamps.
8. When Aaron sets up the lamps at twilight, he must burn incense. There is to be an incense offering before the Lord throughout your generations.
9. You must not offer unauthorized incense on it, or a burnt or grain offering; you are not to pour a drink offering on it.
10. "Once a year Aaron is to perform the atonement ceremony for the altar. Throughout your generations he is to perform the atonement ceremony for it once a year, with the blood of the sin offering for atonement on the horns. The altar is especially holy to the Lord."
The Atonement Money
11. The Lord spoke to Moses:
12. "When you take a census of the Israelites to register them, each of the men must pay a ransom for his life to the Lord as they are registered. Then no plague will come on them as they are registered.
13. Everyone who is registered must pay half a shekel according to the sanctuary shekel (twenty gerahs to the shekel). This half shekel is a contribution to the Lord.
14. Each man who is registered, twenty years old or more, must give this contribution to the Lord.
15. The wealthy may not give more and the poor may not give less than half a shekel when giving the contribution to the Lord to atone for your lives.
16. Take the atonement price from the Israelites and use it for the service of the tent of meeting. It will serve as a reminder for the Israelites before the Lord to atone for your lives."
The Bronze Basin
17. The Lord spoke to Moses:
18. "Make a bronze basin for washing and a bronze stand for it. Set it between the tent of meeting and the altar, and put water in it.
19. Aaron and his sons must wash their hands and feet from the basin.
20. Whenever they enter the tent of meeting or approach the altar to minister by burning a food offering to the Lord, they must wash with water so that they will not die.
21. They must wash their hands and feet so that they will not die; this is to be a permanent statute for them, for Aaron and his descendants throughout their generations."
The Anointing Oil
22. The Lord spoke to Moses:
23. "Take for yourself the finest spices: 12<31> pounds of liquid myrrh, half as much (6<> pounds) of fragrant cinnamon, 6<> pounds of fragrant cane,
24. 12<31> pounds of cassia (by the sanctuary shekel), and a gallon of olive oil.
25. Prepare from these a holy anointing oil, a scented blend, the work of a perfumer; it will be holy anointing oil.
26. "With it you are to anoint the tent of meeting, the ark of the testimony,
27. the table with all its utensils, the lampstand with its utensils, the altar of incense,
28. the altar of burnt offering with all its utensils, and the basin with its stand.
29. Consecrate them and they will be especially holy. Whatever touches them will be consecrated.
30. Anoint Aaron and his sons and consecrate them to serve me as priests.
31. "Tell the Israelites: This will be my holy anointing oil throughout your generations.
32. It must not be used for ordinary anointing on a person's body, and you must not make anything like it using its formula. It is holy, and it must be holy to you.
33. Anyone who blends something like it or puts some of it on an unauthorized person must be cut off from his people."
The Sacred Incense
34. The Lord said to Moses, "Take fragrant spices: stacte, onycha, and galbanum; the spices and pure frankincense are to be in equal measures.
35. Prepare expertly blended incense from these; it is to be seasoned with salt, pure and holy.
36. Grind some of it into a fine powder and put some in front of the testimony in the tent of meeting, where I will meet with you. It must be especially holy to you.
37. As for the incense you are making, you must not make any for yourselves using its formula. It is to be regarded by you as holy--belonging to the Lord.
38. Anyone who makes something like it to smell its fragrance must be cut off from his people."
1 “You are to make an altar for the burning of incense; make it of acacia wood.
2 It must be square, eighteen inches long and eighteen inches wide; it must be thirty-six inches high. Its horns must be of one piece with it.
3 Overlay its top, all around its sides, and its horns with pure gold; make a gold molding all around it.
4 Make two gold rings for it under the molding on two of its sides; put these on opposite sides of it to be holders for the poles to carry it with.
5 Make the poles of acacia wood and overlay them with gold.
6 “You are to place the altar in front of the curtain by the ark of the testimony—in front of the mercy seat that is over the testimony—where I will meet with you.
7 Aaron must burn fragrant incense on it; he must burn it every morning when he tends the lamps.
8 When Aaron sets up the lamps at twilight, he must burn incense. There is to be an incense offering before the Lord throughout your generations.
9 You must not offer unauthorized incense on it, or a burnt or grain offering; you are not to pour a drink offering on it.
10 “Once a year Aaron is to perform the atonement ceremony for the altar. Throughout your generations he is to perform the atonement ceremony for it once a year, with the blood of the sin offering for atonement on the horns. The altar is especially holy to the Lord.”
11 The Lord spoke to Moses:
12 “When you take a census of the Israelites to register them, each of the men must pay a ransom for his life to the Lord as they are registered. Then no plague will come on them as they are registered.
13 Everyone who is registered must pay half a shekel according to the sanctuary shekel (twenty gerahs to the shekel). This half shekel is a contribution to the Lord.
14 Each man who is registered, twenty years old or more, must give this contribution to the Lord.
15 The wealthy may not give more and the poor may not give less than half a shekel when giving the contribution to the Lord to atone for your lives.
16 Take the atonement price from the Israelites and use it for the service of the tent of meeting. It will serve as a reminder for the Israelites before the Lord to atone for your lives.”
17 The Lord spoke to Moses:
18 “Make a bronze basin for washing and a bronze stand for it. Set it between the tent of meeting and the altar, and put water in it.
19 Aaron and his sons must wash their hands and feet from the basin.
20 Whenever they enter the tent of meeting or approach the altar to minister by burning a food offering to the Lord, they must wash with water so that they will not die.
21 They must wash their hands and feet so that they will not die; this is to be a permanent statute for them, for Aaron and his descendants throughout their generations.”
22 The Lord spoke to Moses:
23 “Take for yourself the finest spices: 12½ pounds of liquid myrrh, half as much (6¼ pounds) of fragrant cinnamon, 6¼ pounds of fragrant cane,
24 12½ pounds of cassia (by the sanctuary shekel), and a gallon of olive oil.
25 Prepare from these a holy anointing oil, a scented blend, the work of a perfumer; it will be holy anointing oil.
26 “With it you are to anoint the tent of meeting, the ark of the testimony,
27 the table with all its utensils, the lampstand with its utensils, the altar of incense,
28 the altar of burnt offering with all its utensils, and the basin with its stand.
29 Consecrate them and they will be especially holy. Whatever touches them will be consecrated.
30 Anoint Aaron and his sons and consecrate them to serve me as priests.
31 “Tell the Israelites: This will be my holy anointing oil throughout your generations.
32 It must not be used for ordinary anointing on a person’s body, and you must not make anything like it using its formula. It is holy, and it must be holy to you.
33 Anyone who blends something like it or puts some of it on an unauthorized person must be cut off from his people.”
34 The Lord said to Moses, “Take fragrant spices: stacte, onycha, and galbanum; the spices and pure frankincense are to be in equal measures.
35 Prepare expertly blended incense from these; it is to be seasoned with salt, pure and holy.
36 Grind some of it into a fine powder and put some in front of the testimony in the tent of meeting, where I will meet with you. It must be especially holy to you.
37 As for the incense you are making, you must not make any for yourselves using its formula. It is to be regarded by you as holy—belonging to the Lord.
38 Anyone who makes something like it to smell its fragrance must be cut off from his people.”

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God's Provision of the Skilled Workers
# Chapter 31
1. The Lord also spoke to Moses:
2. "Look, I have appointed by name Bezalel son of Uri, son of Hur, of the tribe of Judah.
3. I have filled him with God's Spirit, with wisdom, understanding, and ability in every craft
4. to design artistic works in gold, silver, and bronze,
5. to cut gemstones for mounting, and to carve wood for work in every craft.
6. I have also selected Oholiab son of Ahisamach, of the tribe of Dan, to be with him. I have put wisdom in the heart of every skilled artisan in order to make all that I have commanded you:
7. the tent of meeting, the ark of the testimony, the mercy seat that is on top of it, and all the other furnishings of the tent--
8. the table with its utensils, the pure gold lampstand with all its utensils, the altar of incense,
9. the altar of burnt offering with all its utensils, the basin with its stand--
10. the specially woven garments, both the holy garments for the priest Aaron and the garments for his sons to serve as priests,
11. the anointing oil, and the fragrant incense for the sanctuary. They must make them according to all that I have commanded you."
Observing the Sabbath
12. The Lord said to Moses,
13. "Tell the Israelites: You must observe my Sabbaths, for it is a sign between me and you throughout your generations, so that you will know that I am the Lord who consecrates you.
14. Observe the Sabbath, for it is holy to you. Whoever profanes it must be put to death. If anyone does work on it, that person must be cut off from his people.
15. Work may be done for six days, but on the seventh day there must be a Sabbath of complete rest, holy to the Lord. Anyone who does work on the Sabbath day must be put to death.
16. The Israelites must observe the Sabbath, celebrating it throughout their generations as a permanent covenant.
17. It is a sign forever between me and the Israelites, for in six days the Lord made the heavens and the earth, but on the seventh day he rested and was refreshed."
The Two Stone Tablets
18. When he finished speaking with Moses on Mount Sinai, he gave him the two tablets of the testimony, stone tablets inscribed by the finger of God.
1 The Lord also spoke to Moses:
2 “Look, I have appointed by name Bezalel son of Uri, son of Hur, of the tribe of Judah.
3 I have filled him with God’s Spirit, with wisdom, understanding, and ability in every craft
4 to design artistic works in gold, silver, and bronze,
5 to cut gemstones for mounting, and to carve wood for work in every craft.
6 I have also selected Oholiab son of Ahisamach, of the tribe of Dan, to be with him. I have put wisdom in the heart of every skilled artisan in order to make all that I have commanded you:
7 the tent of meeting, the ark of the testimony, the mercy seat that is on top of it, and all the other furnishings of the tent—
8 the table with its utensils, the pure gold lampstand with all its utensils, the altar of incense,
9 the altar of burnt offering with all its utensils, the basin with its stand—
10 the specially woven garments, both the holy garments for the priest Aaron and the garments for his sons to serve as priests,
11 the anointing oil, and the fragrant incense for the sanctuary. They must make them according to all that I have commanded you.”
12 The Lord said to Moses,
13 “Tell the Israelites: You must observe my Sabbaths, for it is a sign between me and you throughout your generations, so that you will know that I am the Lord who consecrates you.
14 Observe the Sabbath, for it is holy to you. Whoever profanes it must be put to death. If anyone does work on it, that person must be cut off from his people.
15 Work may be done for six days, but on the seventh day there must be a Sabbath of complete rest, holy to the Lord. Anyone who does work on the Sabbath day must be put to death.
16 The Israelites must observe the Sabbath, celebrating it throughout their generations as a permanent covenant.
17 It is a sign forever between me and the Israelites, for in six days the Lord made the heavens and the earth, but on the seventh day he rested and was refreshed.”
18 When he finished speaking with Moses on Mount Sinai, he gave him the two tablets of the testimony, stone tablets inscribed by the finger of God.

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The Gold Calf
# Chapter 32
1. When the people saw that Moses delayed in coming down from the mountain, they gathered around Aaron and said to him, "Come, make gods for us who will go before us because this Moses, the man who brought us up from the land of Egypt--we don't know what has happened to him!"
2. Aaron replied to them, "Take off the gold rings that are on the ears of your wives, your sons, and your daughters and bring them to me."
3. So all the people took off the gold rings that were on their ears and brought them to Aaron.
4. He took the gold from them, fashioned it with an engraving tool, and made it into an image of a calf.
Then they said, "Israel, these are your gods, who brought you up from the land of Egypt!"
5. When Aaron saw this, he built an altar in front of it and made an announcement: "There will be a festival to the Lord tomorrow."
6. Early the next morning they arose, offered burnt offerings, and presented fellowship offerings. The people sat down to eat and drink, and got up to party.
7. The Lord spoke to Moses: "Go down at once! For your people you brought up from the land of Egypt have acted corruptly.
8. They have quickly turned from the way I commanded them; they have made for themselves an image of a calf. They have bowed down to it, sacrificed to it, and said, 'Israel, these are your gods, who brought you up from the land of Egypt.'"
9. The Lord also said to Moses, "I have seen this people, and they are indeed a stiff-necked people.
10. Now leave me alone, so that my anger can burn against them and I can destroy them. Then I will make you into a great nation."
11. But Moses sought the favor of the Lord his God: "Lord, why does your anger burn against your people you brought out of the land of Egypt with great power and a strong hand?
12. Why should the Egyptians say, 'He brought them out with an evil intent to kill them in the mountains and eliminate them from the face of the earth'? Turn from your fierce anger and relent concerning this disaster planned for your people.
13. Remember your servants Abraham, Isaac, and Israel--you swore to them by yourself and declared, 'I will make your offspring as numerous as the stars of the sky and will give your offspring all this land that I have promised, and they will inherit it forever.'"
14. So the Lord relented concerning the disaster he had said he would bring on his people.
15. Then Moses turned and went down the mountain with the two tablets of the testimony in his hands. They were inscribed on both sides--inscribed front and back.
16. The tablets were the work of God, and the writing was God's writing, engraved on the tablets.
17. When Joshua heard the sound of the people as they shouted, he said to Moses, "There is a sound of war in the camp."
18. But Moses replied,
It's not the sound of a victory cry
1 When the people saw that Moses delayed in coming down from the mountain, they gathered around Aaron and said to him, “Come, make gods for us who will go before us because this Moses, the man who brought us up from the land of Egypt—we don’t know what has happened to him!”
2 Aaron replied to them, “Take off the gold rings that are on the ears of your wives, your sons, and your daughters and bring them to me.”
3 So all the people took off the gold rings that were on their ears and brought them to Aaron.
4 He took the gold from them, fashioned it with an engraving tool, and made it into an image of a calf.
Then they said, “Israel, these are your gods, who brought you up from the land of Egypt!”
5 When Aaron saw this, he built an altar in front of it and made an announcement: “There will be a festival to the Lord tomorrow.”
6 Early the next morning they arose, offered burnt offerings, and presented fellowship offerings. The people sat down to eat and drink, and got up to party.
7 The Lord spoke to Moses: “Go down at once! For your people you brought up from the land of Egypt have acted corruptly.
8 They have quickly turned from the way I commanded them; they have made for themselves an image of a calf. They have bowed down to it, sacrificed to it, and said, ‘Israel, these are your gods, who brought you up from the land of Egypt.’”
9 The Lord also said to Moses, “I have seen this people, and they are indeed a stiff-necked people.
10 Now leave me alone, so that my anger can burn against them and I can destroy them. Then I will make you into a great nation.”
11 But Moses sought the favor of the Lord his God: “Lord, why does your anger burn against your people you brought out of the land of Egypt with great power and a strong hand?
12 Why should the Egyptians say, ‘He brought them out with an evil intent to kill them in the mountains and eliminate them from the face of the earth’? Turn from your fierce anger and relent concerning this disaster planned for your people.
13 Remember your servants Abraham, Isaac, and Israel—you swore to them by yourself and declared, ‘I will make your offspring as numerous as the stars of the sky and will give your offspring all this land that I have promised, and they will inherit it forever.’”
14 So the Lord relented concerning the disaster he had said he would bring on his people.
15 Then Moses turned and went down the mountain with the two tablets of the testimony in his hands. They were inscribed on both sides—inscribed front and back.
16 The tablets were the work of God, and the writing was God’s writing, engraved on the tablets.
17 When Joshua heard the sound of the people as they shouted, he said to Moses, “There is a sound of war in the camp.”
18 But Moses replied,
It’s not the sound of a victory cry
and not the sound of a cry of defeat;
I hear the sound of singing!
19. As he approached the camp and saw the calf and the dancing, Moses became enraged and threw the tablets out of his hands, smashing them at the base of the mountain.
20. He took the calf they had made, burned it up, and ground it to powder. He scattered the powder over the surface of the water and forced the Israelites to drink the water.
21. Then Moses asked Aaron, "What did these people do to you that you have led them into such a grave sin?"
22. "Don't be enraged, my lord," Aaron replied. "You yourself know that the people are intent on evil.
23. They said to me, 'Make gods for us who will go before us because this Moses, the man who brought us up from the land of Egypt--we don't know what has happened to him!'
24. So I said to them, 'Whoever has gold, take it off,' and they gave it to me. When I threw it into the fire, out came this calf!"
25. Moses saw that the people were out of control, for Aaron had let them get out of control, making them a laughingstock to their enemies.
26. And Moses stood at the camp's entrance and said, "Whoever is for the Lord, come to me." And all the Levites gathered around him.
27. He told them, "This is what the Lord, the God of Israel, says, 'Every man fasten his sword to his side; go back and forth through the camp from entrance to entrance, and each of you kill his brother, his friend, and his neighbor.'"
28. The Levites did as Moses commanded, and about three thousand men fell dead that day among the people.
29. Afterward Moses said, "Today you have been dedicated to the Lord, since each man went against his son and his brother. Therefore you have brought a blessing on yourselves today."
30. The following day Moses said to the people, "You have committed a grave sin. Now I will go up to the Lord; perhaps I will be able to atone for your sin."
31. So Moses returned to the Lord and said, "Oh, these people have committed a grave sin; they have made a god of gold for themselves.
32. Now if you would only forgive their sin. But if not, please erase me from the book you have written."
33. The Lord replied to Moses, "Whoever has sinned against me I will erase from my book.
34. Now go, lead the people to the place I told you about; see, my angel will go before you. But on the day I settle accounts, I will hold them accountable for their sin."
35. And the Lord inflicted a plague on the people for what they did with the calf Aaron had made.
19 As he approached the camp and saw the calf and the dancing, Moses became enraged and threw the tablets out of his hands, smashing them at the base of the mountain.
20 He took the calf they had made, burned it up, and ground it to powder. He scattered the powder over the surface of the water and forced the Israelites to drink the water.
21 Then Moses asked Aaron, “What did these people do to you that you have led them into such a grave sin?”
22 “Don’t be enraged, my lord,” Aaron replied. “You yourself know that the people are intent on evil.
23 They said to me, ‘Make gods for us who will go before us because this Moses, the man who brought us up from the land of Egypt—we don’t know what has happened to him!’
24 So I said to them, ‘Whoever has gold, take it off,’ and they gave it to me. When I threw it into the fire, out came this calf!”
25 Moses saw that the people were out of control, for Aaron had let them get out of control, making them a laughingstock to their enemies.
26 And Moses stood at the camp’s entrance and said, “Whoever is for the Lord, come to me.” And all the Levites gathered around him.
27 He told them, “This is what the Lord, the God of Israel, says, ‘Every man fasten his sword to his side; go back and forth through the camp from entrance to entrance, and each of you kill his brother, his friend, and his neighbor.’”
28 The Levites did as Moses commanded, and about three thousand men fell dead that day among the people.
29 Afterward Moses said, “Today you have been dedicated to the Lord, since each man went against his son and his brother. Therefore you have brought a blessing on yourselves today.”
30 The following day Moses said to the people, “You have committed a grave sin. Now I will go up to the Lord; perhaps I will be able to atone for your sin.”
31 So Moses returned to the Lord and said, “Oh, these people have committed a grave sin; they have made a god of gold for themselves.
32 Now if you would only forgive their sin. But if not, please erase me from the book you have written.”
33 The Lord replied to Moses, “Whoever has sinned against me I will erase from my book.
34 Now go, lead the people to the place I told you about; see, my angel will go before you. But on the day I settle accounts, I will hold them accountable for their sin.”
35 And the Lord inflicted a plague on the people for what they did with the calf Aaron had made.

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The Tent Outside the Camp
# Chapter 33
1. The Lord spoke to Moses: "Go up from here, you and the people you brought up from the land of Egypt, to the land I promised to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, saying: I will give it to your offspring.
2. I will send an angel ahead of you and will drive out the Canaanites, Amorites, Hethites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites.
3. Go up to a land flowing with milk and honey. But I will not go up with you because you are a stiff-necked people; otherwise, I might destroy you on the way."
4. When the people heard this bad news, they mourned and didn't put on their jewelry.
5. For the Lord said to Moses, "Tell the Israelites: You are a stiff-necked people. If I went up with you for a single moment, I would destroy you. Now take off your jewelry, and I will decide what to do with you."
6. So the Israelites remained stripped of their jewelry from Mount Horeb onward.
7. Now Moses took a tent and pitched it outside the camp, at a distance from the camp; he called it the tent of meeting. Anyone who wanted to consult the Lord would go to the tent of meeting that was outside the camp.
8. Whenever Moses went out to the tent, all the people would stand up, each one at the door of his tent, and they would watch Moses until he entered the tent.
9. When Moses entered the tent, the pillar of cloud would come down and remain at the entrance to the tent, and the Lord would speak with Moses.
10. As all the people saw the pillar of cloud remaining at the entrance to the tent, they would stand up, then bow in worship, each one at the door of his tent.
11. The Lord would speak with Moses face to face, just as a man speaks with his friend, then Moses would return to the camp. His assistant, the young man Joshua son of Nun, would not leave the inside of the tent.
The Lord's Glory
12. Moses said to the Lord, "Look, you have told me, 'Lead this people up,' but you have not let me know whom you will send with me. You said, 'I know you by name, and you have also found favor with me.'
13. Now if I have indeed found favor with you, please teach me your ways, and I will know you, so that I may find favor with you. Now consider that this nation is your people."
14. And he replied, "My presence will go with you, and I will give you rest."
15. "If your presence does not go," Moses responded to him, "don't make us go up from here.
16. How will it be known that I and your people have found favor with you unless you go with us? I and your people will be distinguished by this from all the other people on the face of the earth."
17. The Lord answered Moses, "I will do this very thing you have asked, for you have found favor with me, and I know you by name."
18. Then Moses said, "Please, let me see your glory."
19. He said, "I will cause all my goodness to pass in front of you, and I will proclaim the name 'the Lord' before you. I will be gracious to whom I will be gracious, and I will have compassion on whom I will have compassion."
20. But he added, "You cannot see my face, for humans cannot see me and live."
21. The Lord said, "Here is a place near me. You are to stand on the rock,
22. and when my glory passes by, I will put you in the crevice of the rock and cover you with my hand until I have passed by.
23. Then I will take my hand away, and you will see my back, but my face will not be seen."
1 The Lord spoke to Moses: “Go up from here, you and the people you brought up from the land of Egypt, to the land I promised to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, saying: I will give it to your offspring.
2 I will send an angel ahead of you and will drive out the Canaanites, Amorites, Hethites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites.
3 Go up to a land flowing with milk and honey. But I will not go up with you because you are a stiff-necked people; otherwise, I might destroy you on the way.”
4 When the people heard this bad news, they mourned and didn’t put on their jewelry.
5 For the Lord said to Moses, “Tell the Israelites: You are a stiff-necked people. If I went up with you for a single moment, I would destroy you. Now take off your jewelry, and I will decide what to do with you.”
6 So the Israelites remained stripped of their jewelry from Mount Horeb onward.
7 Now Moses took a tent and pitched it outside the camp, at a distance from the camp; he called it the tent of meeting. Anyone who wanted to consult the Lord would go to the tent of meeting that was outside the camp.
8 Whenever Moses went out to the tent, all the people would stand up, each one at the door of his tent, and they would watch Moses until he entered the tent.
9 When Moses entered the tent, the pillar of cloud would come down and remain at the entrance to the tent, and the Lord would speak with Moses.
10 As all the people saw the pillar of cloud remaining at the entrance to the tent, they would stand up, then bow in worship, each one at the door of his tent.
11 The Lord would speak with Moses face to face, just as a man speaks with his friend, then Moses would return to the camp. His assistant, the young man Joshua son of Nun, would not leave the inside of the tent.
12 Moses said to the Lord, “Look, you have told me, ‘Lead this people up,’ but you have not let me know whom you will send with me. You said, ‘I know you by name, and you have also found favor with me.’
13 Now if I have indeed found favor with you, please teach me your ways, and I will know you, so that I may find favor with you. Now consider that this nation is your people.”
14 And he replied, “My presence will go with you, and I will give you rest.”
15 “If your presence does not go,” Moses responded to him, “don’t make us go up from here.
16 How will it be known that I and your people have found favor with you unless you go with us? I and your people will be distinguished by this from all the other people on the face of the earth.”
17 The Lord answered Moses, “I will do this very thing you have asked, for you have found favor with me, and I know you by name.”
18 Then Moses said, “Please, let me see your glory.”
19 He said, “I will cause all my goodness to pass in front of you, and I will proclaim the name ‘the Lord’ before you. I will be gracious to whom I will be gracious, and I will have compassion on whom I will have compassion.”
20 But he added, “You cannot see my face, for humans cannot see me and live.”
21 The Lord said, “Here is a place near me. You are to stand on the rock,
22 and when my glory passes by, I will put you in the crevice of the rock and cover you with my hand until I have passed by.
23 Then I will take my hand away, and you will see my back, but my face will not be seen.”

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New Stone Tablets
# Chapter 34
1.
The Lord said to Moses, "Cut two stone tablets like the first ones, and I will write on them the words that were on the first tablets, which you broke.
2. Be prepared by morning. Come up Mount Sinai in the morning and stand before me on the mountaintop.
3. No one may go up with you; in fact, no one should be seen anywhere on the mountain. Even the flocks and herds are not to graze in front of that mountain."
4. Moses cut two stone tablets like the first ones. He got up early in the morning, and taking the two stone tablets in his hand, he climbed Mount Sinai, just as the Lord had commanded him.
5.
The Lord came down in a cloud, stood with him there, and proclaimed his name, "the Lord."
6.
The Lord passed in front of him and proclaimed:
The Lord--the Lord is a compassionate and gracious God, slow to anger and abounding in faithful love and truth,
7. maintaining faithful love to a thousand generations, forgiving iniquity, rebellion, and sin. But he will not leave the guilty unpunished, bringing the consequences of the fathers' iniquity on the children and grandchildren to the third and fourth generation.
8. Moses immediately knelt low on the ground and worshiped.
9. Then he said, "My Lord, if I have indeed found favor with you, my Lord, please go with us (even though this is a stiff-necked people), forgive our iniquity and our sin, and accept us as your own possession."
Covenant Obligations
10. And the Lord responded, "Look, I am making a covenant. In the presence of all your people I will perform wonders that have never been done in the whole earth or in any nation. All the people you live among will see the Lord's work, for what I am doing with you is awe-inspiring.
11. Observe what I command you today. I am going to drive out before you the Amorites, Canaanites, Hethites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites.
12. Be careful not to make a treaty with the inhabitants of the land that you are going to enter; otherwise, they will become a snare among you.
13. Instead, you must tear down their altars, smash their sacred pillars, and chop down their Asherah poles.
14. Because the Lord is jealous for his reputation, you are never to bow down to another god. He is a jealous God.
15. "Do not make a treaty with the inhabitants of the land, or else when they prostitute themselves with their gods and sacrifice to their gods, they will invite you, and you will eat their sacrifices.
16. Then you will take some of their daughters as brides for your sons. Their daughters will prostitute themselves with their gods and cause your sons to prostitute themselves with their gods.
17. "Do not make cast images of gods for yourselves.
18. "Observe the Festival of Unleavened Bread. You are to eat unleavened bread for seven days at the appointed time in the month of Abib, as I commanded you, for you came out of Egypt in the month of Abib.
19. "The firstborn male from every womb belongs to me, including all your male livestock, the firstborn of cattle or sheep.
20. You may redeem the firstborn of a donkey with a sheep, but if you do not redeem it, break its neck. You must redeem all the firstborn of your sons. No one is to appear before me empty-handed.
21. "You are to labor six days but you must rest on the seventh day; you must even rest during plowing and harvesting times.
22. "Observe the Festival of Weeks with the firstfruits of the wheat harvest, and the Festival of Ingathering at the turn of the agricultural year.
23. Three times a year all your males are to appear before the Lord God, the God of Israel.
24. For I will drive out nations before you and enlarge your territory. No one will covet your land when you go up three times a year to appear before the Lord your God.
25. "Do not present the blood for my sacrifice with anything leavened. The sacrifice of the Passover Festival must not remain until morning.
26. "Bring the best firstfruits of your land to the house of the Lord your God.
"You must not boil a young goat in its mother's milk."
27.
The Lord also said to Moses, "Write down these words, for I have made a covenant with you and with Israel based on these words."
28. Moses was there with the Lord forty days and forty nights; he did not eat food or drink water. He wrote the Ten Commandments, the words of the covenant, on the tablets.
Moses's Radiant Face
29. As Moses descended from Mount Sinai--with the two tablets of the testimony in his hands as he descended the mountain--he did not realize that the skin of his face shone as a result of his speaking with the Lord.
30. When Aaron and all the Israelites saw Moses, the skin of his face shone! They were afraid to come near him.
31. But Moses called out to them, so Aaron and all the leaders of the community returned to him, and Moses spoke to them.
32. Afterward all the Israelites came near, and he commanded them to do everything the Lord had told him on Mount Sinai.
33. When Moses had finished speaking with them, he put a veil over his face.
34. But whenever Moses went before the Lord to speak with him, he would remove the veil until he came out. After he came out, he would tell the Israelites what he had been commanded,
35. and the Israelites would see that Moses's face was radiant. Then Moses would put the veil over his face again until he went to speak with the Lord.
1 The Lord said to Moses, “Cut two stone tablets like the first ones, and I will write on them the words that were on the first tablets, which you broke.
2 Be prepared by morning. Come up Mount Sinai in the morning and stand before me on the mountaintop.
3 No one may go up with you; in fact, no one should be seen anywhere on the mountain. Even the flocks and herds are not to graze in front of that mountain.”
4 Moses cut two stone tablets like the first ones. He got up early in the morning, and taking the two stone tablets in his hand, he climbed Mount Sinai, just as the Lord had commanded him.
5 The Lord came down in a cloud, stood with him there, and proclaimed his name, “the Lord.”
6 The Lord passed in front of him and proclaimed:
The Lord—the Lord is a compassionate and gracious God, slow to anger and abounding in faithful love and truth,
7 maintaining faithful love to a thousand generations, forgiving iniquity, rebellion, and sin. But he will not leave the guilty unpunished, bringing the consequences of the fathers’ iniquity on the children and grandchildren to the third and fourth generation.
8 Moses immediately knelt low on the ground and worshiped.
9 Then he said, “My Lord, if I have indeed found favor with you, my Lord, please go with us (even though this is a stiff-necked people), forgive our iniquity and our sin, and accept us as your own possession.”
10 And the Lord responded, “Look, I am making a covenant. In the presence of all your people I will perform wonders that have never been done in the whole earth or in any nation. All the people you live among will see the Lord’s work, for what I am doing with you is awe-inspiring.
11 Observe what I command you today. I am going to drive out before you the Amorites, Canaanites, Hethites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites.
12 Be careful not to make a treaty with the inhabitants of the land that you are going to enter; otherwise, they will become a snare among you.
13 Instead, you must tear down their altars, smash their sacred pillars, and chop down their Asherah poles.
14 Because the Lord is jealous for his reputation, you are never to bow down to another god. He is a jealous God.
15 “Do not make a treaty with the inhabitants of the land, or else when they prostitute themselves with their gods and sacrifice to their gods, they will invite you, and you will eat their sacrifices.
16 Then you will take some of their daughters as brides for your sons. Their daughters will prostitute themselves with their gods and cause your sons to prostitute themselves with their gods.
17 “Do not make cast images of gods for yourselves.
18 “Observe the Festival of Unleavened Bread. You are to eat unleavened bread for seven days at the appointed time in the month of Abib, as I commanded you, for you came out of Egypt in the month of Abib.
19 “The firstborn male from every womb belongs to me, including all your male livestock, the firstborn of cattle or sheep.
20 You may redeem the firstborn of a donkey with a sheep, but if you do not redeem it, break its neck. You must redeem all the firstborn of your sons. No one is to appear before me empty-handed.
21 “You are to labor six days but you must rest on the seventh day; you must even rest during plowing and harvesting times.
22 “Observe the Festival of Weeks with the firstfruits of the wheat harvest, and the Festival of Ingathering at the turn of the agricultural year.
23 Three times a year all your males are to appear before the Lord God, the God of Israel.
24 For I will drive out nations before you and enlarge your territory. No one will covet your land when you go up three times a year to appear before the Lord your God.
25 “Do not present the blood for my sacrifice with anything leavened. The sacrifice of the Passover Festival must not remain until morning.
26 “Bring the best firstfruits of your land to the house of the Lord your God.
“You must not boil a young goat in its mother’s milk.”
27 The Lord also said to Moses, “Write down these words, for I have made a covenant with you and with Israel based on these words.”
28 Moses was there with the Lord forty days and forty nights; he did not eat food or drink water. He wrote the Ten Commandments, the words of the covenant, on the tablets.
29 As Moses descended from Mount Sinai—with the two tablets of the testimony in his hands as he descended the mountain—he did not realize that the skin of his face shone as a result of his speaking with the Lord.
30 When Aaron and all the Israelites saw Moses, the skin of his face shone! They were afraid to come near him.
31 But Moses called out to them, so Aaron and all the leaders of the community returned to him, and Moses spoke to them.
32 Afterward all the Israelites came near, and he commanded them to do everything the Lord had told him on Mount Sinai.
33 When Moses had finished speaking with them, he put a veil over his face.
34 But whenever Moses went before the Lord to speak with him, he would remove the veil until he came out. After he came out, he would tell the Israelites what he had been commanded,
35 and the Israelites would see that Moses’s face was radiant. Then Moses would put the veil over his face again until he went to speak with the Lord.

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The Sabbath Command
# Chapter 35
1. Moses assembled the entire Israelite community and said to them, "These are the things that the Lord has commanded you to do:
2. For six days work is to be done, but on the seventh day you are to have a holy day, a Sabbath of complete rest to the Lord. Anyone who does work on it must be executed.
3. Do not light a fire in any of your homes on the Sabbath day."
Building the Tabernacle
4. Then Moses said to the entire Israelite community, "This is what the Lord has commanded:
5. Take up an offering among you for the Lord. Let everyone whose heart is willing bring this as the Lord's offering:
gold, silver, and bronze;
6. blue, purple, and scarlet yarn; fine linen and goat hair;
7. ram skins dyed red and fine leather;
acacia wood;
8. oil for the light; spices for the anointing oil and for the fragrant incense;
9. and onyx with gemstones to mount on the ephod and breastpiece.
10. "Let all the skilled artisans among you come and make everything that the Lord has commanded:
11. the tabernacle--its tent and covering, its clasps and supports, its crossbars, its pillars and bases;
12. the ark with its poles, the mercy seat, and the curtain for the screen;
13. the table with its poles, all its utensils, and
the Bread of the Presence;
14. the lampstand for light with its utensils and lamps as well as the oil for the light;
15. the altar of incense with its poles; the anointing oil and the fragrant incense; the entryway screen for the entrance to the tabernacle;
16. the altar of burnt offering with its bronze grate, its poles, and all its utensils; the basin with its stand;
17. the hangings of the courtyard, its posts and bases, and the screen for the gate of the courtyard;
18. the tent pegs for the tabernacle and the tent pegs for the courtyard, along with their ropes;
19. and the specially woven garments for ministering in the sanctuary--the holy garments for the priest Aaron and the garments for his sons to serve as priests."
20. Then the entire Israelite community left Moses's presence.
21. Everyone whose heart was moved and whose spirit prompted him came and brought an offering to the Lord for the work on the tent of meeting, for all its services, and for the holy garments.
22. Both men and women came; all who had willing hearts brought brooches, earrings, rings, necklaces, and all kinds of gold jewelry--everyone who presented a presentation offering of gold to the Lord.
23. Everyone who possessed blue, purple, or scarlet yarn, fine linen or goat hair, ram skins dyed red or fine leather, brought them.
24. Everyone making an offering of silver or bronze brought it as a contribution to the Lord. Everyone who possessed acacia wood useful for any task in the work brought it.
25. Every skilled woman spun yarn with her hands and brought it: blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and fine linen.
26. And all the women whose hearts were moved spun the goat hair by virtue of their skill.
27. The leaders brought onyx and gemstones to mount on the ephod and breastpiece,
28. as well as the spice and oil for the light, for the anointing oil, and for the fragrant incense.
29. So the Israelites brought a freewill offering to the Lord, all the men and women whose hearts prompted them to bring something for all the work that the Lord, through Moses, had commanded to be done.
Bezalel and Oholiab
30. Moses then said to the Israelites, "Look, the Lord has appointed by name Bezalel son of Uri, son of Hur, of the tribe of Judah.
31. He has filled him with God's Spirit, with wisdom, understanding, and ability in every kind of craft
32. to design artistic works in gold, silver, and bronze,
33. to cut gemstones for mounting, and to carve wood for work in every kind of artistic craft.
34. He has also given both him and Oholiab son of Ahisamach, of the tribe of Dan, the ability to teach others.
35. He has filled them with skill to do all the work of a gem cutter; a designer; an embroiderer in blue, purple, and scarlet yarn and fine linen; and a weaver. They can do every kind of craft and design artistic designs.
1 Moses assembled the entire Israelite community and said to them, “These are the things that the Lord has commanded you to do:
2 For six days work is to be done, but on the seventh day you are to have a holy day, a Sabbath of complete rest to the Lord. Anyone who does work on it must be executed.
3 Do not light a fire in any of your homes on the Sabbath day.”
4 Then Moses said to the entire Israelite community, “This is what the Lord has commanded:
5 Take up an offering among you for the Lord. Let everyone whose heart is willing bring this as the Lord’s offering: gold, silver, and bronze;
6 blue, purple, and scarlet yarn; fine linen and goat hair;
7 ram skins dyed red and fine leather; acacia wood;
8 oil for the light; spices for the anointing oil and for the fragrant incense;
9 and onyx with gemstones to mount on the ephod and breastpiece.
10 “Let all the skilled artisans among you come and make everything that the Lord has commanded:
11 the tabernacle—its tent and covering, its clasps and supports, its crossbars, its pillars and bases;
12 the ark with its poles, the mercy seat, and the curtain for the screen;
13 the table with its poles, all its utensils, and the Bread of the Presence;
14 the lampstand for light with its utensils and lamps as well as the oil for the light;
15 the altar of incense with its poles; the anointing oil and the fragrant incense; the entryway screen for the entrance to the tabernacle;
16 the altar of burnt offering with its bronze grate, its poles, and all its utensils; the basin with its stand;
17 the hangings of the courtyard, its posts and bases, and the screen for the gate of the courtyard;
18 the tent pegs for the tabernacle and the tent pegs for the courtyard, along with their ropes;
19 and the specially woven garments for ministering in the sanctuary—the holy garments for the priest Aaron and the garments for his sons to serve as priests.”
20 Then the entire Israelite community left Moses’s presence.
21 Everyone whose heart was moved and whose spirit prompted him came and brought an offering to the Lord for the work on the tent of meeting, for all its services, and for the holy garments.
22 Both men and women came; all who had willing hearts brought brooches, earrings, rings, necklaces, and all kinds of gold jewelry—everyone who presented a presentation offering of gold to the Lord.
23 Everyone who possessed blue, purple, or scarlet yarn, fine linen or goat hair, ram skins dyed red or fine leather, brought them.
24 Everyone making an offering of silver or bronze brought it as a contribution to the Lord. Everyone who possessed acacia wood useful for any task in the work brought it.
25 Every skilled woman spun yarn with her hands and brought it: blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and fine linen.
26 And all the women whose hearts were moved spun the goat hair by virtue of their skill.
27 The leaders brought onyx and gemstones to mount on the ephod and breastpiece,
28 as well as the spice and oil for the light, for the anointing oil, and for the fragrant incense.
29 So the Israelites brought a freewill offering to the Lord, all the men and women whose hearts prompted them to bring something for all the work that the Lord, through Moses, had commanded to be done.
30 Moses then said to the Israelites, “Look, the Lord has appointed by name Bezalel son of Uri, son of Hur, of the tribe of Judah.
31 He has filled him with God’s Spirit, with wisdom, understanding, and ability in every kind of craft
32 to design artistic works in gold, silver, and bronze,
33 to cut gemstones for mounting, and to carve wood for work in every kind of artistic craft.
34 He has also given both him and Oholiab son of Ahisamach, of the tribe of Dan, the ability to teach others.
35 He has filled them with skill to do all the work of a gem cutter; a designer; an embroiderer in blue, purple, and scarlet yarn and fine linen; and a weaver. They can do every kind of craft and design artistic designs.

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# Chapter 36
1. Bezalel, Oholiab, and all the skilled people are to work based on everything the Lord has commanded. The Lord has given them wisdom and understanding to know how to do all the work of constructing the sanctuary."
2. So Moses summoned Bezalel, Oholiab, and every skilled person in whose heart the Lord had placed wisdom, all whose hearts moved them, to come to the work and do it.
3. They took from Moses's presence all the contributions that the Israelites had brought for the task of making the sanctuary. Meanwhile, the people continued to bring freewill offerings morning after morning.
4. Then all the artisans who were doing all the work for the sanctuary came one by one from the work they were doing
5. and said to Moses, "The people are bringing more than is needed for the construction of the work the Lord commanded to be done."
6. After Moses gave an order, they sent a proclamation throughout the camp: "Let no man or woman make anything else as an offering for the sanctuary." So the people stopped.
7. The materials were sufficient for them to do all the work. There was more than enough.
Building the Tabernacle
8. All the skilled artisans among those doing the work made the tabernacle with ten curtains. Bezalel made them of finely spun linen, as well as blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, with a design of cherubim worked into them.
9. Each curtain was forty-two feet long and six feet wide; all the curtains had the same measurements.
10. He joined five of the curtains to each other, and the other five curtains he joined to each other.
11. He made loops of blue yarn on the edge of the last curtain in the first set and did the same on the edge of the outermost curtain in the second set.
12. He made fifty loops on the one curtain and fifty loops on the edge of the curtain in the second set, so that the loops lined up with each other.
13. He also made fifty gold clasps and joined the curtains to each other, so that the tabernacle became a single unit.
14. He made curtains of goat hair for a tent over the tabernacle; he made eleven of them.
15. Each curtain was forty-five feet long and six feet wide. All eleven curtains had the same measurements.
16. He joined five of the curtains together, and the other six together.
17. He made fifty loops on the edge of the outermost curtain in the first set and fifty loops on the edge of the corresponding curtain in the second set.
18. He made fifty bronze clasps to join the tent together as a single unit.
19. He also made a covering for the tent from ram skins dyed red and a covering of fine leather on top of it.
20. He made upright supports of acacia wood for the tabernacle.
21. Each support was fifteen feet long and twenty-seven inches wide.
22. Each support had two tenons for joining one to another. He did the same for all the supports of the tabernacle.
23. He made supports for the tabernacle as follows: He made twenty for the south side,
24. and he made forty silver bases to put under the twenty supports, two bases under the first support for its two tenons, and two bases under each of the following supports for their two tenons.
25. For the second side of the tabernacle, the north side, he made twenty supports,
26. with their forty silver bases, two bases under the first support and two bases under each of the following ones.
27. And for the back of the tabernacle, on the west side, he made six supports.
28. He also made two additional supports for the two back corners of the tabernacle.
29. They were paired at the bottom and joined together at the top in a single ring. This is what he did with both of them for the two corners.
30. So there were eight supports with their sixteen silver bases, two bases under each one.
31. He made five crossbars of acacia wood for the supports on one side of the tabernacle,
32. five crossbars for the supports on the other side of the tabernacle, and five crossbars for those at the back of the tabernacle on the west.
33. He made the central crossbar run through the middle of the supports from one end to the other.
34. He overlaid them with gold and made their rings out of gold as holders for the crossbars. He also overlaid the crossbars with gold.
35. Then he made the curtain with blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and finely spun linen. He made it with a design of cherubim worked into it.
36. He made four pillars of acacia wood for it and overlaid them with gold; their hooks were of gold. And he cast four silver bases for the pillars.
37. He made a screen embroidered with blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and finely spun linen for the entrance to the tent,
38. together with its five pillars and their hooks. He overlaid the tops of the pillars and their bands with gold, but their five bases were bronze.
1 Bezalel, Oholiab, and all the skilled people are to work based on everything the Lord has commanded. The Lord has given them wisdom and understanding to know how to do all the work of constructing the sanctuary.”
2 So Moses summoned Bezalel, Oholiab, and every skilled person in whose heart the Lord had placed wisdom, all whose hearts moved them, to come to the work and do it.
3 They took from Moses’s presence all the contributions that the Israelites had brought for the task of making the sanctuary. Meanwhile, the people continued to bring freewill offerings morning after morning.
4 Then all the artisans who were doing all the work for the sanctuary came one by one from the work they were doing
5 and said to Moses, “The people are bringing more than is needed for the construction of the work the Lord commanded to be done.”
6 After Moses gave an order, they sent a proclamation throughout the camp: “Let no man or woman make anything else as an offering for the sanctuary.” So the people stopped.
7 The materials were sufficient for them to do all the work. There was more than enough.
8 All the skilled artisans among those doing the work made the tabernacle with ten curtains. Bezalel made them of finely spun linen, as well as blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, with a design of cherubim worked into them.
9 Each curtain was forty-two feet long and six feet wide; all the curtains had the same measurements.
10 He joined five of the curtains to each other, and the other five curtains he joined to each other.
11 He made loops of blue yarn on the edge of the last curtain in the first set and did the same on the edge of the outermost curtain in the second set.
12 He made fifty loops on the one curtain and fifty loops on the edge of the curtain in the second set, so that the loops lined up with each other.
13 He also made fifty gold clasps and joined the curtains to each other, so that the tabernacle became a single unit.
14 He made curtains of goat hair for a tent over the tabernacle; he made eleven of them.
15 Each curtain was forty-five feet long and six feet wide. All eleven curtains had the same measurements.
16 He joined five of the curtains together, and the other six together.
17 He made fifty loops on the edge of the outermost curtain in the first set and fifty loops on the edge of the corresponding curtain in the second set.
18 He made fifty bronze clasps to join the tent together as a single unit.
19 He also made a covering for the tent from ram skins dyed red and a covering of fine leather on top of it.
20 He made upright supports of acacia wood for the tabernacle.
21 Each support was fifteen feet long and twenty-seven inches wide.
22 Each support had two tenons for joining one to another. He did the same for all the supports of the tabernacle.
23 He made supports for the tabernacle as follows: He made twenty for the south side,
24 and he made forty silver bases to put under the twenty supports, two bases under the first support for its two tenons, and two bases under each of the following supports for their two tenons.
25 For the second side of the tabernacle, the north side, he made twenty supports,
26 with their forty silver bases, two bases under the first support and two bases under each of the following ones.
27 And for the back of the tabernacle, on the west side, he made six supports.
28 He also made two additional supports for the two back corners of the tabernacle.
29 They were paired at the bottom and joined together at the top in a single ring. This is what he did with both of them for the two corners.
30 So there were eight supports with their sixteen silver bases, two bases under each one.
31 He made five crossbars of acacia wood for the supports on one side of the tabernacle,
32 five crossbars for the supports on the other side of the tabernacle, and five crossbars for those at the back of the tabernacle on the west.
33 He made the central crossbar run through the middle of the supports from one end to the other.
34 He overlaid them with gold and made their rings out of gold as holders for the crossbars. He also overlaid the crossbars with gold.
35 Then he made the curtain with blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and finely spun linen. He made it with a design of cherubim worked into it.
36 He made four pillars of acacia wood for it and overlaid them with gold; their hooks were of gold. And he cast four silver bases for the pillars.
37 He made a screen embroidered with blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and finely spun linen for the entrance to the tent,
38 together with its five pillars and their hooks. He overlaid the tops of the pillars and their bands with gold, but their five bases were bronze.

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Making the Ark
# Chapter 37
1. Bezalel made the ark of acacia wood, forty-five inches long, twenty-seven inches wide, and twenty-seven inches high.
2. He overlaid it with pure gold inside and out and made a gold molding all around it.
3. He cast four gold rings for it, for its four feet, two rings on one side and two rings on the other side.
4. He made poles of acacia wood and overlaid them with gold.
5. He inserted the poles into the rings on the sides of the ark for carrying the ark.
6. He made a mercy seat of pure gold, forty-five inches long and twenty-seven inches wide.
7. He made two cherubim of gold; he made them of hammered work at the two ends of the mercy seat,
8. one cherub at one end and one cherub at the other end. At each end, he made a cherub of one piece with the mercy seat.
9. They had wings spread out. They faced each other and covered the mercy seat with their wings. The faces of the cherubim were looking toward the mercy seat.
Making the Table
10. He constructed the table of acacia wood, thirty-six inches long, eighteen inches wide, and twenty-seven inches high.
11. He overlaid it with pure gold and made a gold molding all around it.
12. He made a three-inch frame all around it and made a gold molding all around its frame.
13. He cast four gold rings for it and attached the rings to the four corners at its four legs.
14. The rings were next to the frame as holders for the poles to carry the table.
15. He made the poles for carrying the table from acacia wood and overlaid them with gold.
16. He also made the utensils that would be on the table out of pure gold: its plates and cups, as well as its bowls and pitchers for pouring drink offerings.
Making the Lampstand
17. Then he made the lampstand out of pure hammered gold. He made it all of one piece: its base and shaft, its ornamental cups, and its buds and petals.
18. Six branches extended from its sides, three branches of the lampstand from one side and three branches of the lampstand from the other side.
19. There were three cups shaped like almond blossoms, each with a bud and petals, on one branch, and three cups shaped like almond blossoms, each with a bud and petals, on the next branch. It was this way for the six branches that extended from the lampstand.
20. There were four cups shaped like almond blossoms on the lampstand shaft along with its buds and petals.
21. For the six branches that extended from it, a bud was under the first pair of branches from it, a bud under the second pair of branches from it, and a bud under the third pair of branches from it.
22. Their buds and branches were of one piece with it. All of it was a single hammered piece of pure gold.
23. He also made its seven lamps, snuffers, and firepans of pure gold.
24. He made it and all its utensils of seventy-five pounds of pure gold.
Making the Altar of Incense
25. He made the altar of incense out of acacia wood. It was square, eighteen inches long and eighteen inches wide; it was thirty-six inches high. Its horns were of one piece with it.
26. He overlaid it, its top, all around its sides, and its horns with pure gold. Then he made a gold molding all around it.
27. He made two gold rings for it under the molding on two of its sides; he put these on opposite sides of it to be holders for the poles to carry it with.
28. He made the poles of acacia wood and overlaid them with gold.
29. He also made the holy anointing oil and the pure, fragrant, and expertly blended incense.
1 Bezalel made the ark of acacia wood, forty-five inches long, twenty-seven inches wide, and twenty-seven inches high.
2 He overlaid it with pure gold inside and out and made a gold molding all around it.
3 He cast four gold rings for it, for its four feet, two rings on one side and two rings on the other side.
4 He made poles of acacia wood and overlaid them with gold.
5 He inserted the poles into the rings on the sides of the ark for carrying the ark.
6 He made a mercy seat of pure gold, forty-five inches long and twenty-seven inches wide.
7 He made two cherubim of gold; he made them of hammered work at the two ends of the mercy seat,
8 one cherub at one end and one cherub at the other end. At each end, he made a cherub of one piece with the mercy seat.
9 They had wings spread out. They faced each other and covered the mercy seat with their wings. The faces of the cherubim were looking toward the mercy seat.
10 He constructed the table of acacia wood, thirty-six inches long, eighteen inches wide, and twenty-seven inches high.
11 He overlaid it with pure gold and made a gold molding all around it.
12 He made a three-inch frame all around it and made a gold molding all around its frame.
13 He cast four gold rings for it and attached the rings to the four corners at its four legs.
14 The rings were next to the frame as holders for the poles to carry the table.
15 He made the poles for carrying the table from acacia wood and overlaid them with gold.
16 He also made the utensils that would be on the table out of pure gold: its plates and cups, as well as its bowls and pitchers for pouring drink offerings.
17 Then he made the lampstand out of pure hammered gold. He made it all of one piece: its base and shaft, its ornamental cups, and its buds and petals.
18 Six branches extended from its sides, three branches of the lampstand from one side and three branches of the lampstand from the other side.
19 There were three cups shaped like almond blossoms, each with a bud and petals, on one branch, and three cups shaped like almond blossoms, each with a bud and petals, on the next branch. It was this way for the six branches that extended from the lampstand.
20 There were four cups shaped like almond blossoms on the lampstand shaft along with its buds and petals.
21 For the six branches that extended from it, a bud was under the first pair of branches from it, a bud under the second pair of branches from it, and a bud under the third pair of branches from it.
22 Their buds and branches were of one piece with it. All of it was a single hammered piece of pure gold.
23 He also made its seven lamps, snuffers, and firepans of pure gold.
24 He made it and all its utensils of seventy-five pounds of pure gold.
25 He made the altar of incense out of acacia wood. It was square, eighteen inches long and eighteen inches wide; it was thirty-six inches high. Its horns were of one piece with it.
26 He overlaid it, its top, all around its sides, and its horns with pure gold. Then he made a gold molding all around it.
27 He made two gold rings for it under the molding on two of its sides; he put these on opposite sides of it to be holders for the poles to carry it with.
28 He made the poles of acacia wood and overlaid them with gold.
29 He also made the holy anointing oil and the pure, fragrant, and expertly blended incense.

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Making the Altar of Burnt Offering
# Chapter 38
1. Bezalel constructed the altar of burnt offering from acacia wood. It was square, 7<EFBFBD> feet long and 7<EFBFBD> feet wide, and was 4<EFBFBD> feet high.
2. He made horns for it on its four corners; the horns were of one piece with it. Then he overlaid it with bronze.
3. He made all the altar's utensils: the pots, shovels, basins, meat forks, and firepans; he made all its utensils of bronze.
4. He constructed for the altar a grate of bronze mesh under its ledge, halfway up from the bottom.
5. He cast four rings at the four corners of the bronze grate as holders for the poles.
6. He made the poles of acacia wood and overlaid them with bronze.
7. Then he inserted the poles into the rings on the sides of the altar in order to carry it with them. He constructed the altar with boards so that it was hollow.
Making the Bronze Basin
8. He made the bronze basin and its stand from the bronze mirrors of the women who served at the entrance to the tent of meeting.
Making the Courtyard
9. Then he made the courtyard. The hangings on the south side of the courtyard were of finely spun linen, 150 feet long,
10. including their twenty posts and their twenty bronze bases, with silver hooks and silver bands for the posts.
11. The hangings on the north side were also 150 feet long, including their twenty posts and twenty bronze bases. The hooks and bands of the posts were silver.
12. The hangings on the west side were 75 feet long, including their ten posts and their ten bases, with silver hooks and silver bands for the posts.
13. And for the east side toward the sunrise, 75 feet long,
14. the hangings on one side of the gate were 22<32> feet, including their three posts and their three bases.
15. It was the same for the other side of the courtyard gate. The hangings were 22<32> feet, including their three posts and their three bases.
16. All the hangings around the courtyard were of finely spun linen.
17. The bases for the posts were bronze; the hooks and bands of the posts were silver; and the plating for the tops of the posts was silver. All the posts of the courtyard were banded with silver.
18. The screen for the gate of the courtyard was made of finely spun linen, expertly embroidered with blue, purple, and scarlet yarn. It was 30 feet long, and like the hangings of the courtyard, 7<> feet high.
19. It had four posts with their four bronze bases. Their hooks were silver, and their top plating and their bands were silver.
20. All the tent pegs for the tabernacle and for the surrounding courtyard were bronze.
Inventory of Materials
21. This is the inventory for the tabernacle, the tabernacle of the testimony, that was recorded at Moses's command. It was the work of the Levites under the direction of Ithamar son of Aaron the priest.
22. Bezalel son of Uri, son of Hur, of the tribe of Judah, made everything that the Lord commanded Moses.
23. With him was Oholiab son of Ahisamach, of the tribe of Dan, a gem cutter, a designer, and an embroiderer with blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and fine linen.
24. All the gold of the presentation offering that was used for the project in all the work on the sanctuary, was 2,193 pounds, according to the sanctuary shekel.
25. The silver from those of the community who were registered was 7,544 pounds, according to the sanctuary shekel--
26. one-fifth of an ounce per man, that is, half a shekel according to the sanctuary shekel, from everyone twenty years old or more who had crossed over to the registered group, 603,550 men.
27. There were 7,500 pounds of silver used to cast the bases of the sanctuary and the bases of the curtain--one hundred bases from 7,500 pounds, 75 pounds for each base.
28. With the remaining 44 pounds he made the hooks for the posts, overlaid their tops, and supplied bands for them.
29. The bronze of the presentation offering totaled 5,310 pounds.
30. He made with it the bases for the entrance to the tent of meeting, the bronze altar and its bronze grate, all the utensils for the altar,
31. the bases for the surrounding courtyard, the bases for the gate of the courtyard, all the tent pegs for the tabernacle, and all the tent pegs for the surrounding courtyard.
1 Bezalel constructed the altar of burnt offering from acacia wood. It was square, 7½ feet long and 7½ feet wide, and was 4½ feet high.
2 He made horns for it on its four corners; the horns were of one piece with it. Then he overlaid it with bronze.
3 He made all the altar’s utensils: the pots, shovels, basins, meat forks, and firepans; he made all its utensils of bronze.
4 He constructed for the altar a grate of bronze mesh under its ledge, halfway up from the bottom.
5 He cast four rings at the four corners of the bronze grate as holders for the poles.
6 He made the poles of acacia wood and overlaid them with bronze.
7 Then he inserted the poles into the rings on the sides of the altar in order to carry it with them. He constructed the altar with boards so that it was hollow.
8 He made the bronze basin and its stand from the bronze mirrors of the women who served at the entrance to the tent of meeting.
9 Then he made the courtyard. The hangings on the south side of the courtyard were of finely spun linen, 150 feet long,
10 including their twenty posts and their twenty bronze bases, with silver hooks and silver bands for the posts.
11 The hangings on the north side were also 150 feet long, including their twenty posts and twenty bronze bases. The hooks and bands of the posts were silver.
12 The hangings on the west side were 75 feet long, including their ten posts and their ten bases, with silver hooks and silver bands for the posts.
13 And for the east side toward the sunrise, 75 feet long,
14 the hangings on one side of the gate were 22½ feet, including their three posts and their three bases.
15 It was the same for the other side of the courtyard gate. The hangings were 22½ feet, including their three posts and their three bases.
16 All the hangings around the courtyard were of finely spun linen.
17 The bases for the posts were bronze; the hooks and bands of the posts were silver; and the plating for the tops of the posts was silver. All the posts of the courtyard were banded with silver.
18 The screen for the gate of the courtyard was made of finely spun linen, expertly embroidered with blue, purple, and scarlet yarn. It was 30 feet long, and like the hangings of the courtyard, 7½ feet high.
19 It had four posts with their four bronze bases. Their hooks were silver, and their top plating and their bands were silver.
20 All the tent pegs for the tabernacle and for the surrounding courtyard were bronze.
21 This is the inventory for the tabernacle, the tabernacle of the testimony, that was recorded at Moses’s command. It was the work of the Levites under the direction of Ithamar son of Aaron the priest.
22 Bezalel son of Uri, son of Hur, of the tribe of Judah, made everything that the Lord commanded Moses.
23 With him was Oholiab son of Ahisamach, of the tribe of Dan, a gem cutter, a designer, and an embroiderer with blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and fine linen.
24 All the gold of the presentation offering that was used for the project in all the work on the sanctuary, was 2,193 pounds, according to the sanctuary shekel.
25 The silver from those of the community who were registered was 7,544 pounds, according to the sanctuary shekel—
26 one-fifth of an ounce per man, that is, half a shekel according to the sanctuary shekel, from everyone twenty years old or more who had crossed over to the registered group, 603,550 men.
27 There were 7,500 pounds of silver used to cast the bases of the sanctuary and the bases of the curtain—one hundred bases from 7,500 pounds, 75 pounds for each base.
28 With the remaining 44 pounds he made the hooks for the posts, overlaid their tops, and supplied bands for them.
29 The bronze of the presentation offering totaled 5,310 pounds.
30 He made with it the bases for the entrance to the tent of meeting, the bronze altar and its bronze grate, all the utensils for the altar,
31 the bases for the surrounding courtyard, the bases for the gate of the courtyard, all the tent pegs for the tabernacle, and all the tent pegs for the surrounding courtyard.

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Making the Priestly Garments
# Chapter 39
1. They made specially woven garments for ministry in the sanctuary, and the holy garments for Aaron from the blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, just as the Lord had commanded Moses.
Making the Ephod
2. Bezalel made the ephod of gold, of blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and of finely spun linen.
3. They hammered out thin sheets of gold, and he cut threads from them to interweave with the blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and the fine linen in a skillful design.
4. They made shoulder pieces for attaching it; it was joined together at its two edges.
5. The artistically woven waistband that was on the ephod was of one piece with the ephod, according to the same workmanship of gold, of blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and of finely spun linen, just as the Lord had commanded Moses.
6. Then they mounted the onyx stones surrounded with gold filigree settings, engraved with the names of Israel's sons as a gem cutter engraves a seal.
7. He fastened them on the shoulder pieces of the ephod as memorial stones for the Israelites, just as the Lord had commanded Moses.
Making the Breastpiece
8. He also made the embroidered breastpiece with the same workmanship as the ephod of gold, of blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and of finely spun linen.
9. They made the breastpiece square and folded double, nine inches long and nine inches wide.
10. They mounted four rows of gemstones on it.
1 They made specially woven garments for ministry in the sanctuary, and the holy garments for Aaron from the blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, just as the Lord had commanded Moses.
2 Bezalel made the ephod of gold, of blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and of finely spun linen.
3 They hammered out thin sheets of gold, and he cut threads from them to interweave with the blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and the fine linen in a skillful design.
4 They made shoulder pieces for attaching it; it was joined together at its two edges.
5 The artistically woven waistband that was on the ephod was of one piece with the ephod, according to the same workmanship of gold, of blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and of finely spun linen, just as the Lord had commanded Moses.
6 Then they mounted the onyx stones surrounded with gold filigree settings, engraved with the names of Israel’s sons as a gem cutter engraves a seal.
7 He fastened them on the shoulder pieces of the ephod as memorial stones for the Israelites, just as the Lord had commanded Moses.
8 He also made the embroidered breastpiece with the same workmanship as the ephod of gold, of blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and of finely spun linen.
9 They made the breastpiece square and folded double, nine inches long and nine inches wide.
10 They mounted four rows of gemstones on it.
The first row was
a row of carnelian, topaz, and emerald;
11. the second row,
11 the second row,
a turquoise, a lapis lazuli, and a diamond;
12. the third row,
12 the third row,
a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst;
13. and the fourth row,
13 and the fourth row,
a beryl, an onyx, and a jasper.
They were surrounded with gold filigree in their settings.
14. The twelve stones corresponded to the names of Israel's sons. Each stone was engraved like a seal with one of the names of the twelve tribes.
15. They made braided chains of pure gold cord for the breastpiece.
16. They also fashioned two gold filigree settings and two gold rings and attached the two rings to its two corners.
17. Then they attached the two gold cords to the two gold rings on the corners of the breastpiece.
18. They attached the other ends of the two cords to the two filigree settings, and in this way they attached them to the ephod's shoulder pieces in front.
19. They made two other gold rings and put them at the two other corners of the breastpiece on the edge that is next to the inner border of the ephod.
20. They made two more gold rings and attached them to the bottom of the ephod's two shoulder pieces on its front, close to its seam, above the ephod's woven waistband.
21. Then they tied the breastpiece from its rings to the rings of the ephod with a cord of blue yarn, so that the breastpiece was above the ephod's waistband and did not come loose from the ephod. They did just as the Lord had commanded Moses.
Making the Robe
22. They made the woven robe of the ephod entirely of blue yarn.
23. There was an opening in the center of the robe like that of body armor with a collar around the opening so that it would not tear.
24. They made pomegranates of finely spun blue, purple, and scarlet yarn on the lower hem of the robe.
25. They made bells of pure gold and attached the bells between the pomegranates, all around the hem of the robe between the pomegranates,
26. a bell and a pomegranate alternating all around the lower hem of the robe to be worn for ministry. They made it just as the Lord had commanded Moses.
The Other Priestly Garments
27. They made the tunics of fine woven linen for Aaron and his sons.
28. They made the turban and the ornate headbands of fine linen, the linen undergarments of finely spun linen,
29. and the sash of finely spun linen expertly embroidered with blue, purple, and scarlet yarn. They did just as the Lord had commanded Moses.
Making the Holy Diadem
30. They made a medallion, the holy diadem, out of pure gold and wrote on it an inscription like the engraving on a seal: Holy to the Lord.
31. They attached a cord of blue yarn to it in order to mount it on the turban, just as the Lord had commanded Moses.
Moses's Inspection of the Tabernacle
32. So all the work for the tabernacle, the tent of meeting, was finished. The Israelites did everything just as the Lord had commanded Moses.
33. They brought the tabernacle to Moses: the tent with all its furnishings, its clasps, its supports, its crossbars, and its pillars and bases;
34. the covering of ram skins dyed red and the covering of fine leather; the curtain for the screen;
35. the ark of the testimony with its poles and the mercy seat;
36. the table, all its utensils, and
the Bread of the Presence;
37. the pure gold lampstand, with its lamps arranged and all its utensils, as well as the oil for the light;
38. the gold altar; the anointing oil; the fragrant incense; the screen for the entrance to the tent;
39. the bronze altar with its bronze grate, its poles, and all its utensils; the basin with its stand;
40. the hangings of the courtyard, its posts and bases, the screen for the gate of the courtyard, its ropes and tent pegs, and all the furnishings for the service of the tabernacle, the tent of meeting;
41. and the specially woven garments for ministering in the sanctuary, the holy garments for the priest Aaron and the garments for his sons to serve as priests.
42. The Israelites had done all the work according to everything the Lord had commanded Moses.
43. Moses inspected all the work they had accomplished. They had done just as the Lord commanded. Then Moses blessed them.
14 The twelve stones corresponded to the names of Israel’s sons. Each stone was engraved like a seal with one of the names of the twelve tribes.
15 They made braided chains of pure gold cord for the breastpiece.
16 They also fashioned two gold filigree settings and two gold rings and attached the two rings to its two corners.
17 Then they attached the two gold cords to the two gold rings on the corners of the breastpiece.
18 They attached the other ends of the two cords to the two filigree settings, and in this way they attached them to the ephod’s shoulder pieces in front.
19 They made two other gold rings and put them at the two other corners of the breastpiece on the edge that is next to the inner border of the ephod.
20 They made two more gold rings and attached them to the bottom of the ephod’s two shoulder pieces on its front, close to its seam, above the ephod’s woven waistband.
21 Then they tied the breastpiece from its rings to the rings of the ephod with a cord of blue yarn, so that the breastpiece was above the ephod’s waistband and did not come loose from the ephod. They did just as the Lord had commanded Moses.
22 They made the woven robe of the ephod entirely of blue yarn.
23 There was an opening in the center of the robe like that of body armor with a collar around the opening so that it would not tear.
24 They made pomegranates of finely spun blue, purple, and scarlet yarn on the lower hem of the robe.
25 They made bells of pure gold and attached the bells between the pomegranates, all around the hem of the robe between the pomegranates,
26 a bell and a pomegranate alternating all around the lower hem of the robe to be worn for ministry. They made it just as the Lord had commanded Moses.
27 They made the tunics of fine woven linen for Aaron and his sons.
28 They made the turban and the ornate headbands of fine linen, the linen undergarments of finely spun linen,
29 and the sash of finely spun linen expertly embroidered with blue, purple, and scarlet yarn. They did just as the Lord had commanded Moses.
30 They made a medallion, the holy diadem, out of pure gold and wrote on it an inscription like the engraving on a seal: Holy to the Lord.
31 They attached a cord of blue yarn to it in order to mount it on the turban, just as the Lord had commanded Moses.
32 So all the work for the tabernacle, the tent of meeting, was finished. The Israelites did everything just as the Lord had commanded Moses.
33 They brought the tabernacle to Moses: the tent with all its furnishings, its clasps, its supports, its crossbars, and its pillars and bases;
34 the covering of ram skins dyed red and the covering of fine leather; the curtain for the screen;
35 the ark of the testimony with its poles and the mercy seat;
36 the table, all its utensils, and the Bread of the Presence;
37 the pure gold lampstand, with its lamps arranged and all its utensils, as well as the oil for the light;
38 the gold altar; the anointing oil; the fragrant incense; the screen for the entrance to the tent;
39 the bronze altar with its bronze grate, its poles, and all its utensils; the basin with its stand;
40 the hangings of the courtyard, its posts and bases, the screen for the gate of the courtyard, its ropes and tent pegs, and all the furnishings for the service of the tabernacle, the tent of meeting;
41 and the specially woven garments for ministering in the sanctuary, the holy garments for the priest Aaron and the garments for his sons to serve as priests.
42 The Israelites had done all the work according to everything the Lord had commanded Moses.
43 Moses inspected all the work they had accomplished. They had done just as the Lord commanded. Then Moses blessed them.

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Setting Up the Tabernacle
# Chapter 40
1. The Lord spoke to Moses:
2. "You are to set up the tabernacle, the tent of meeting, on the first day of the first month.
3. Put the ark of the testimony there and screen off the ark with the curtain.
4. Then bring in the table and lay out its arrangement; also bring in the lampstand and set up its lamps.
5. Place the gold altar for incense in front of the ark of the testimony. Put up the screen for the entrance to the tabernacle.
6. Position the altar of burnt offering in front of the entrance to the tabernacle, the tent of meeting.
7. Place the basin between the tent of meeting and the altar, and put water in it.
8. Assemble the surrounding courtyard and hang the screen for the gate of the courtyard.
9. "Take the anointing oil and anoint the tabernacle and everything in it; consecrate it along with all its furnishings so that it will be holy.
10. Anoint the altar of burnt offering and all its utensils; consecrate the altar so that it will be especially holy.
11. Anoint the basin and its stand and consecrate it.
12. "Then bring Aaron and his sons to the entrance to the tent of meeting and wash them with water.
13. Clothe Aaron with the holy garments, anoint him, and consecrate him, so that he can serve me as a priest.
14. Have his sons come forward and clothe them in tunics.
15. Anoint them just as you anointed their father, so that they may also serve me as priests. Their anointing will serve to inaugurate a permanent priesthood for them throughout their generations."
16. Moses did everything just as the Lord had commanded him.
17. The tabernacle was set up in the first month of the second year, on the first day of the month.
18. Moses set up the tabernacle: He laid its bases, positioned its supports, inserted its crossbars, and set up its pillars.
19. Then he spread the tent over the tabernacle and put the covering of the tent on top of it, just as the Lord had commanded Moses.
20. Moses took the testimony and placed it in the ark, and attached the poles to the ark. He set the mercy seat on top of the ark.
21. He brought the ark into the tabernacle, put up the curtain for the screen, and screened off the ark of the testimony, just as the Lord had commanded him.
22. Moses placed the table in the tent of meeting on the north side of the tabernacle, outside the curtain.
23. He arranged the bread on it before the Lord, just as the Lord had commanded him.
24. He put the lampstand in the tent of meeting opposite the table on the south side of the tabernacle
25. and set up the lamps before the Lord, just as the Lord had commanded him.
26. Moses installed the gold altar in the tent of meeting, in front of the curtain,
27. and burned fragrant incense on it, just as the Lord had commanded him.
28. He put up the screen at the entrance to the tabernacle.
29. He placed the altar of burnt offering at the entrance to the tabernacle, the tent of meeting, and offered the burnt offering and the grain offering on it, just as the Lord had commanded him.
30. He set the basin between the tent of meeting and the altar and put water in it for washing.
31. Moses, Aaron, and his sons washed their hands and feet from it.
32. They washed whenever they came to the tent of meeting and approached the altar, just as the Lord had commanded Moses.
33. Next Moses set up the surrounding courtyard for the tabernacle and the altar and hung a screen for the gate of the courtyard. So Moses finished the work.
The Lord's Glory
34. The cloud covered the tent of meeting, and the glory of the Lord filled the tabernacle.
35. Moses was unable to enter the tent of meeting because the cloud rested on it, and the glory of the Lord filled the tabernacle.
36. The Israelites set out whenever the cloud was taken up from the tabernacle throughout all the stages of their journey.
37. If the cloud was not taken up, they did not set out until the day it was taken up.
38. For the cloud of the Lord was over the tabernacle by day, and there was a fire inside the cloud by night, visible to the entire house of Israel throughout all the stages of their journey.
1 The Lord spoke to Moses:
2 “You are to set up the tabernacle, the tent of meeting, on the first day of the first month.
3 Put the ark of the testimony there and screen off the ark with the curtain.
4 Then bring in the table and lay out its arrangement; also bring in the lampstand and set up its lamps.
5 Place the gold altar for incense in front of the ark of the testimony. Put up the screen for the entrance to the tabernacle.
6 Position the altar of burnt offering in front of the entrance to the tabernacle, the tent of meeting.
7 Place the basin between the tent of meeting and the altar, and put water in it.
8 Assemble the surrounding courtyard and hang the screen for the gate of the courtyard.
9 “Take the anointing oil and anoint the tabernacle and everything in it; consecrate it along with all its furnishings so that it will be holy.
10 Anoint the altar of burnt offering and all its utensils; consecrate the altar so that it will be especially holy.
11 Anoint the basin and its stand and consecrate it.
12 “Then bring Aaron and his sons to the entrance to the tent of meeting and wash them with water.
13 Clothe Aaron with the holy garments, anoint him, and consecrate him, so that he can serve me as a priest.
14 Have his sons come forward and clothe them in tunics.
15 Anoint them just as you anointed their father, so that they may also serve me as priests. Their anointing will serve to inaugurate a permanent priesthood for them throughout their generations.”
16 Moses did everything just as the Lord had commanded him.
17 The tabernacle was set up in the first month of the second year, on the first day of the month.
18 Moses set up the tabernacle: He laid its bases, positioned its supports, inserted its crossbars, and set up its pillars.
19 Then he spread the tent over the tabernacle and put the covering of the tent on top of it, just as the Lord had commanded Moses.
20 Moses took the testimony and placed it in the ark, and attached the poles to the ark. He set the mercy seat on top of the ark.
21 He brought the ark into the tabernacle, put up the curtain for the screen, and screened off the ark of the testimony, just as the Lord had commanded him.
22 Moses placed the table in the tent of meeting on the north side of the tabernacle, outside the curtain.
23 He arranged the bread on it before the Lord, just as the Lord had commanded him.
24 He put the lampstand in the tent of meeting opposite the table on the south side of the tabernacle
25 and set up the lamps before the Lord, just as the Lord had commanded him.
26 Moses installed the gold altar in the tent of meeting, in front of the curtain,
27 and burned fragrant incense on it, just as the Lord had commanded him.
28 He put up the screen at the entrance to the tabernacle.
29 He placed the altar of burnt offering at the entrance to the tabernacle, the tent of meeting, and offered the burnt offering and the grain offering on it, just as the Lord had commanded him.
30 He set the basin between the tent of meeting and the altar and put water in it for washing.
31 Moses, Aaron, and his sons washed their hands and feet from it.
32 They washed whenever they came to the tent of meeting and approached the altar, just as the Lord had commanded Moses.
33 Next Moses set up the surrounding courtyard for the tabernacle and the altar and hung a screen for the gate of the courtyard. So Moses finished the work.
34 The cloud covered the tent of meeting, and the glory of the Lord filled the tabernacle.
35 Moses was unable to enter the tent of meeting because the cloud rested on it, and the glory of the Lord filled the tabernacle.
36 The Israelites set out whenever the cloud was taken up from the tabernacle throughout all the stages of their journey.
37 If the cloud was not taken up, they did not set out until the day it was taken up.
38 For the cloud of the Lord was over the tabernacle by day, and there was a fire inside the cloud by night, visible to the entire house of Israel throughout all the stages of their journey.

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The Burnt Offering
# Chapter 1
1. Then the Lord summoned Moses and spoke to him from the tent of meeting:
2. "Speak to the Israelites and tell them: When any of you brings an offering to the Lord from the livestock, you may bring your offering from the herd or the flock.
3. "If his offering is a burnt offering from the herd, he is to bring an unblemished male. He will bring it to the entrance to the tent of meeting so that he may be accepted by the Lord.
4. He is to lay his hand on the head of the burnt offering so it can be accepted on his behalf to make atonement for him.
5. He is to slaughter the bull before the Lord; Aaron's sons the priests are to present the blood and splatter it on all sides of the altar that is at the entrance to the tent of meeting.
6. Then he is to skin the burnt offering and cut it into pieces.
7. The sons of Aaron the priest will prepare a fire on the altar and arrange wood on the fire.
8. Aaron's sons the priests are to arrange the pieces, the head, and the fat on top of the burning wood on the altar.
9. The offerer is to wash its entrails and legs with water. Then the priest will burn all of it on the altar as a burnt offering, a food offering, a pleasing aroma to the Lord.
10. "But if his offering for a burnt offering is from the flock, from sheep or goats, he is to present an unblemished male.
11. He will slaughter it on the north side of the altar before the Lord. Aaron's sons the priests will splatter its blood against the altar on all sides.
12. He will cut the animal into pieces with its head and its fat, and the priest will arrange them on top of the burning wood on the altar.
13. But he is to wash the entrails and legs with water. The priest will then present all of it and burn it on the altar; it is a burnt offering, a food offering, a pleasing aroma to the Lord.
14. "If his offering to the Lord is a burnt offering of birds, he is to present his offering from the turtledoves or young pigeons.
15. Then the priest is to bring it to the altar, and will twist off its head and burn it on the altar; its blood should be drained at the side of the altar.
16. He will remove its digestive tract, cutting off the tail feathers, and throw it on the east side of the altar at the place for ashes.
17. He will tear it open by its wings without dividing the bird. Then the priest is to burn it on the altar on top of the burning wood. It is a burnt offering, a food offering, a pleasing aroma to the Lord.
1 Then the Lord summoned Moses and spoke to him from the tent of meeting:
2 “Speak to the Israelites and tell them: When any of you brings an offering to the Lord from the livestock, you may bring your offering from the herd or the flock.
3 “If his offering is a burnt offering from the herd, he is to bring an unblemished male. He will bring it to the entrance to the tent of meeting so that he may be accepted by the Lord.
4 He is to lay his hand on the head of the burnt offering so it can be accepted on his behalf to make atonement for him.
5 He is to slaughter the bull before the Lord; Aaron’s sons the priests are to present the blood and splatter it on all sides of the altar that is at the entrance to the tent of meeting.
6 Then he is to skin the burnt offering and cut it into pieces.
7 The sons of Aaron the priest will prepare a fire on the altar and arrange wood on the fire.
8 Aaron’s sons the priests are to arrange the pieces, the head, and the fat on top of the burning wood on the altar.
9 The offerer is to wash its entrails and legs with water. Then the priest will burn all of it on the altar as a burnt offering, a food offering, a pleasing aroma to the Lord.
10 “But if his offering for a burnt offering is from the flock, from sheep or goats, he is to present an unblemished male.
11 He will slaughter it on the north side of the altar before the Lord. Aaron’s sons the priests will splatter its blood against the altar on all sides.
12 He will cut the animal into pieces with its head and its fat, and the priest will arrange them on top of the burning wood on the altar.
13 But he is to wash the entrails and legs with water. The priest will then present all of it and burn it on the altar; it is a burnt offering, a food offering, a pleasing aroma to the Lord.
14 “If his offering to the Lord is a burnt offering of birds, he is to present his offering from the turtledoves or young pigeons.
15 Then the priest is to bring it to the altar, and will twist off its head and burn it on the altar; its blood should be drained at the side of the altar.
16 He will remove its digestive tract, cutting off the tail feathers, and throw it on the east side of the altar at the place for ashes.
17 He will tear it open by its wings without dividing the bird. Then the priest is to burn it on the altar on top of the burning wood. It is a burnt offering, a food offering, a pleasing aroma to the Lord.

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The Grain Offering
# Chapter 2
1. "When anyone presents a grain offering as an offering to the Lord, it is to consist of fine flour. He is to pour olive oil on it, put frankincense on it,
2. and bring it to Aaron's sons the priests. The priest will take a handful of fine flour and oil from it, along with all its frankincense, and will burn this memorial portion of it on the altar, a food offering, a pleasing aroma to the Lord.
3. But the rest of the grain offering will belong to Aaron and his sons; it is the holiest part of the food offerings to the Lord.
4. "When you present a grain offering baked in an oven, it is to be made of fine flour, either unleavened cakes mixed with oil or unleavened wafers coated with oil.
5. If your offering is a grain offering prepared on a griddle, it is to be unleavened bread made of fine flour mixed with oil.
6. Break it into pieces and pour oil on it; it is a grain offering.
7. If your offering is a grain offering prepared in a pan, it is to be made of fine flour with oil.
8. When you bring to the Lord the grain offering made in any of these ways, it is to be presented to the priest, and he will take it to the altar.
9. The priest will remove the memorial portion from the grain offering and burn it on the altar, a food offering, a pleasing aroma to the Lord.
10. But the rest of the grain offering will belong to Aaron and his sons; it is the holiest part of the food offerings to the Lord.
11. "No grain offering that you present to the Lord is to be made with yeast, for you are not to burn any yeast or honey as a food offering to the Lord.
12. You may present them to the Lord as an offering of firstfruits, but they are not to be offered on the altar as a pleasing aroma.
13. You are to season each of your grain offerings with salt; you must not omit from your grain offering the salt of the covenant with your God. You are to present salt with each of your offerings.
14. "If you present a grain offering of firstfruits to the Lord, you are to present fresh heads of grain, crushed kernels, roasted on the fire, for your grain offering of firstfruits.
15. You are to put oil and frankincense on it; it is a grain offering.
16. The priest will then burn some of its crushed kernels and oil with all its frankincense as a food offering to the Lord.
1 “When anyone presents a grain offering as an offering to the Lord, it is to consist of fine flour. He is to pour olive oil on it, put frankincense on it,
2 and bring it to Aaron’s sons the priests. The priest will take a handful of fine flour and oil from it, along with all its frankincense, and will burn this memorial portion of it on the altar, a food offering, a pleasing aroma to the Lord.
3 But the rest of the grain offering will belong to Aaron and his sons; it is the holiest part of the food offerings to the Lord.
4 “When you present a grain offering baked in an oven, it is to be made of fine flour, either unleavened cakes mixed with oil or unleavened wafers coated with oil.
5 If your offering is a grain offering prepared on a griddle, it is to be unleavened bread made of fine flour mixed with oil.
6 Break it into pieces and pour oil on it; it is a grain offering.
7 If your offering is a grain offering prepared in a pan, it is to be made of fine flour with oil.
8 When you bring to the Lord the grain offering made in any of these ways, it is to be presented to the priest, and he will take it to the altar.
9 The priest will remove the memorial portion from the grain offering and burn it on the altar, a food offering, a pleasing aroma to the Lord.
10 But the rest of the grain offering will belong to Aaron and his sons; it is the holiest part of the food offerings to the Lord.
11 “No grain offering that you present to the Lord is to be made with yeast, for you are not to burn any yeast or honey as a food offering to the Lord.
12 You may present them to the Lord as an offering of firstfruits, but they are not to be offered on the altar as a pleasing aroma.
13 You are to season each of your grain offerings with salt; you must not omit from your grain offering the salt of the covenant with your God. You are to present salt with each of your offerings.
14 “If you present a grain offering of firstfruits to the Lord, you are to present fresh heads of grain, crushed kernels, roasted on the fire, for your grain offering of firstfruits.
15 You are to put oil and frankincense on it; it is a grain offering.
16 The priest will then burn some of its crushed kernels and oil with all its frankincense as a food offering to the Lord.

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The Fellowship Offering
# Chapter 3
1. "If his offering is a fellowship sacrifice, and he is presenting an animal from the herd, whether male or female, he is to present one without blemish before the Lord.
2. He is to lay his hand on the head of his offering and slaughter it at the entrance to the tent of meeting. Then Aaron's sons the priests will splatter the blood on all sides of the altar.
3. He will present part of the fellowship sacrifice as a food offering to the Lord: the fat surrounding the entrails, all the fat that is on the entrails,
4. and the two kidneys with the fat on them at the loins; he will also remove the fatty lobe of the liver with the kidneys.
5. Aaron's sons will burn it on the altar along with the burnt offering that is on the burning wood, a food offering, a pleasing aroma to the Lord.
6. "If his offering as a fellowship sacrifice to the Lord is from the flock, he is to present a male or female without blemish.
7. If he is presenting a lamb for his offering, he is to present it before the Lord.
8. He must lay his hand on the head of his offering, then slaughter it before the tent of meeting. Aaron's sons will splatter its blood on all sides of the altar.
9. He will then present part of the fellowship sacrifice as a food offering to the Lord consisting of its fat and the entire fat tail, which he is to remove close to the backbone. He will also remove the fat surrounding the entrails, all the fat on the entrails,
10. the two kidneys with the fat on them at the loins, and the fatty lobe of the liver above the kidneys.
11. Then the priest will burn the food on the altar, as a food offering to the Lord.
12. "If his offering is a goat, he is to present it before the Lord.
13. He must lay his hand on its head and slaughter it before the tent of meeting. Aaron's sons will splatter its blood on all sides of the altar.
14. He will present part of his offering as a food offering to the Lord: the fat surrounding the entrails, all the fat that is on the entrails,
15. and the two kidneys with the fat on them at the loins; he will also remove the fatty lobe of the liver with the kidneys.
16. Then the priest will burn the food on the altar, as a food offering for a pleasing aroma.
"All fat belongs to the Lord.
17. This is a permanent statute throughout your generations, wherever you live: you must not eat any fat or any blood."
1 “If his offering is a fellowship sacrifice, and he is presenting an animal from the herd, whether male or female, he is to present one without blemish before the Lord.
2 He is to lay his hand on the head of his offering and slaughter it at the entrance to the tent of meeting. Then Aaron’s sons the priests will splatter the blood on all sides of the altar.
3 He will present part of the fellowship sacrifice as a food offering to the Lord: the fat surrounding the entrails, all the fat that is on the entrails,
4 and the two kidneys with the fat on them at the loins; he will also remove the fatty lobe of the liver with the kidneys.
5 Aaron’s sons will burn it on the altar along with the burnt offering that is on the burning wood, a food offering, a pleasing aroma to the Lord.
6 “If his offering as a fellowship sacrifice to the Lord is from the flock, he is to present a male or female without blemish.
7 If he is presenting a lamb for his offering, he is to present it before the Lord.
8 He must lay his hand on the head of his offering, then slaughter it before the tent of meeting. Aaron’s sons will splatter its blood on all sides of the altar.
9 He will then present part of the fellowship sacrifice as a food offering to the Lord consisting of its fat and the entire fat tail, which he is to remove close to the backbone. He will also remove the fat surrounding the entrails, all the fat on the entrails,
10 the two kidneys with the fat on them at the loins, and the fatty lobe of the liver above the kidneys.
11 Then the priest will burn the food on the altar, as a food offering to the Lord.
12 “If his offering is a goat, he is to present it before the Lord.
13 He must lay his hand on its head and slaughter it before the tent of meeting. Aaron’s sons will splatter its blood on all sides of the altar.
14 He will present part of his offering as a food offering to the Lord: the fat surrounding the entrails, all the fat that is on the entrails,
15 and the two kidneys with the fat on them at the loins; he will also remove the fatty lobe of the liver with the kidneys.
16 Then the priest will burn the food on the altar, as a food offering for a pleasing aroma.
“All fat belongs to the Lord.
17 This is a permanent statute throughout your generations, wherever you live: you must not eat any fat or any blood.”

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The Sin Offering
# Chapter 4
1. Then the Lord spoke to Moses:
2. "Tell the Israelites: When someone sins unintentionally against any of the Lord's commands and does anything prohibited by them--
3. "If the anointed priest sins, bringing guilt on the people, he is to present to the Lord a young, unblemished bull as a sin offering for the sin he has committed.
4. He is to bring the bull to the entrance to the tent of meeting before the Lord, lay his hand on the bull's head, and slaughter it before the Lord.
5. The anointed priest will then take some of the bull's blood and bring it into the tent of meeting.
6. The priest is to dip his finger in the blood and sprinkle some of it seven times before the Lord in front of the curtain of the sanctuary.
7. The priest is to apply some of the blood to the horns of the altar of fragrant incense that is before the Lord in the tent of meeting. He must pour out the rest of the bull's blood at the base of the altar of burnt offering that is at the entrance to the tent of meeting.
8. He is to remove all the fat from the bull of the sin offering: the fat surrounding the entrails, all the fat that is on the entrails,
9. and the two kidneys with the fat on them at the loins. He will also remove the fatty lobe of the liver with the kidneys,
10. just as the fat is removed from the ox of the fellowship sacrifice. The priest is to burn them on the altar of burnt offering.
11. But the hide of the bull and all its flesh, with its head and legs, and its entrails and waste--
12. all the rest of the bull--he must bring to a ceremonially clean place outside the camp to the ash heap, and must burn it on a wood fire. It is to be burned at the ash heap.
13. "Now if the whole community of Israel errs, and the matter escapes the notice of the assembly, so that they violate any of the Lord's commands and incur guilt by doing what is prohibited,
14. then the assembly must present a young bull as a sin offering. They are to bring it before the tent of meeting when the sin they have committed in regard to the command becomes known.
15. The elders of the community are to lay their hands on the bull's head before the Lord and it is to be slaughtered before the Lord.
16. The anointed priest will bring some of the bull's blood into the tent of meeting.
17. The priest is to dip his finger in the blood and sprinkle it seven times before the Lord in front of the curtain.
18. He is to apply some of the blood to the horns of the altar that is before the Lord in the tent of meeting. He will pour out the rest of the blood at the base of the altar of burnt offering that is at the entrance to the tent of meeting.
19. He is to remove all the fat from it and burn it on the altar.
20. He is to offer this bull just as he did with the bull in the sin offering; he will offer it the same way. So the priest will make atonement on their behalf, and they will be forgiven.
21. Then he will bring the bull outside the camp and burn it just as he burned the first bull. It is the sin offering for the assembly.
22. "When a leader sins and unintentionally violates any of the commands of the Lord his God by doing what is prohibited, and incurs guilt,
23. or someone informs him about the sin he has committed, he is to bring an unblemished male goat as his offering.
24. He is to lay his hand on the head of the goat and slaughter it at the place where the burnt offering is slaughtered before the Lord. It is a sin offering.
25. Then the priest is to take some of the blood from the sin offering with his finger and apply it to the horns of the altar of burnt offering. The rest of its blood he is to pour out at the base of the altar of burnt offering.
26. He must burn all its fat on the altar, like the fat of the fellowship sacrifice. In this way the priest will make atonement on his behalf for that person's sin, and he will be forgiven.
27. "Now if any of the common people sins unintentionally by violating one of the Lord's commands, does what is prohibited, and incurs guilt,
28. or if someone informs him about the sin he has committed, then he is to bring an unblemished female goat as his offering for the sin that he has committed.
29. He is to lay his hand on the head of the sin offering and slaughter it at the place of the burnt offering.
30. Then the priest is to take some of its blood with his finger and apply it to the horns of the altar of burnt offering. He is to pour out the rest of its blood at the base of the altar.
31. He is to remove all its fat just as the fat is removed from the fellowship sacrifice. The priest is to burn it on the altar as a pleasing aroma to the Lord. In this way the priest will make atonement on his behalf, and he will be forgiven.
32. "Or if the offering that he brings as a sin offering is a lamb, he is to bring an unblemished female.
33. He is to lay his hand on the head of the sin offering and slaughter it as a sin offering at the place where the burnt offering is slaughtered.
34. Then the priest is to take some of the blood of the sin offering with his finger and apply it to the horns of the altar of burnt offering. He is to pour out the rest of its blood at the base of the altar.
35. He is to remove all its fat just as the fat of the lamb is removed from the fellowship sacrifice. The priest will burn it on the altar along with the food offerings to the Lord. In this way the priest will make atonement on his behalf for the sin he has committed, and he will be forgiven.
1 Then the Lord spoke to Moses:
2 “Tell the Israelites: When someone sins unintentionally against any of the Lord’s commands and does anything prohibited by them—
3 “If the anointed priest sins, bringing guilt on the people, he is to present to the Lord a young, unblemished bull as a sin offering for the sin he has committed.
4 He is to bring the bull to the entrance to the tent of meeting before the Lord, lay his hand on the bull’s head, and slaughter it before the Lord.
5 The anointed priest will then take some of the bull’s blood and bring it into the tent of meeting.
6 The priest is to dip his finger in the blood and sprinkle some of it seven times before the Lord in front of the curtain of the sanctuary.
7 The priest is to apply some of the blood to the horns of the altar of fragrant incense that is before the Lord in the tent of meeting. He must pour out the rest of the bull’s blood at the base of the altar of burnt offering that is at the entrance to the tent of meeting.
8 He is to remove all the fat from the bull of the sin offering: the fat surrounding the entrails, all the fat that is on the entrails,
9 and the two kidneys with the fat on them at the loins. He will also remove the fatty lobe of the liver with the kidneys,
10 just as the fat is removed from the ox of the fellowship sacrifice. The priest is to burn them on the altar of burnt offering.
11 But the hide of the bull and all its flesh, with its head and legs, and its entrails and waste—
12 all the rest of the bull—he must bring to a ceremonially clean place outside the camp to the ash heap, and must burn it on a wood fire. It is to be burned at the ash heap.
13 “Now if the whole community of Israel errs, and the matter escapes the notice of the assembly, so that they violate any of the Lord’s commands and incur guilt by doing what is prohibited,
14 then the assembly must present a young bull as a sin offering. They are to bring it before the tent of meeting when the sin they have committed in regard to the command becomes known.
15 The elders of the community are to lay their hands on the bull’s head before the Lord and it is to be slaughtered before the Lord.
16 The anointed priest will bring some of the bull’s blood into the tent of meeting.
17 The priest is to dip his finger in the blood and sprinkle it seven times before the Lord in front of the curtain.
18 He is to apply some of the blood to the horns of the altar that is before the Lord in the tent of meeting. He will pour out the rest of the blood at the base of the altar of burnt offering that is at the entrance to the tent of meeting.
19 He is to remove all the fat from it and burn it on the altar.
20 He is to offer this bull just as he did with the bull in the sin offering; he will offer it the same way. So the priest will make atonement on their behalf, and they will be forgiven.
21 Then he will bring the bull outside the camp and burn it just as he burned the first bull. It is the sin offering for the assembly.
22 “When a leader sins and unintentionally violates any of the commands of the Lord his God by doing what is prohibited, and incurs guilt,
23 or someone informs him about the sin he has committed, he is to bring an unblemished male goat as his offering.
24 He is to lay his hand on the head of the goat and slaughter it at the place where the burnt offering is slaughtered before the Lord. It is a sin offering.
25 Then the priest is to take some of the blood from the sin offering with his finger and apply it to the horns of the altar of burnt offering. The rest of its blood he is to pour out at the base of the altar of burnt offering.
26 He must burn all its fat on the altar, like the fat of the fellowship sacrifice. In this way the priest will make atonement on his behalf for that person’s sin, and he will be forgiven.
27 “Now if any of the common people sins unintentionally by violating one of the Lord’s commands, does what is prohibited, and incurs guilt,
28 or if someone informs him about the sin he has committed, then he is to bring an unblemished female goat as his offering for the sin that he has committed.
29 He is to lay his hand on the head of the sin offering and slaughter it at the place of the burnt offering.
30 Then the priest is to take some of its blood with his finger and apply it to the horns of the altar of burnt offering. He is to pour out the rest of its blood at the base of the altar.
31 He is to remove all its fat just as the fat is removed from the fellowship sacrifice. The priest is to burn it on the altar as a pleasing aroma to the Lord. In this way the priest will make atonement on his behalf, and he will be forgiven.
32 “Or if the offering that he brings as a sin offering is a lamb, he is to bring an unblemished female.
33 He is to lay his hand on the head of the sin offering and slaughter it as a sin offering at the place where the burnt offering is slaughtered.
34 Then the priest is to take some of the blood of the sin offering with his finger and apply it to the horns of the altar of burnt offering. He is to pour out the rest of its blood at the base of the altar.
35 He is to remove all its fat just as the fat of the lamb is removed from the fellowship sacrifice. The priest will burn it on the altar along with the food offerings to the Lord. In this way the priest will make atonement on his behalf for the sin he has committed, and he will be forgiven.

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Cases Requiring Sin Offerings
# Chapter 5
1. "When someone sins in any of these ways:
1 “When someone sins in any of these ways:
If he has seen, heard, or known about something he has witnessed, and did not respond to a public call to testify, he will bear his iniquity.
2. Or if someone touches anything unclean--a carcass of an unclean wild animal, or unclean livestock, or an unclean swarming creature--without being aware of it, he is unclean and incurs guilt.
3. Or if he touches human uncleanness--any uncleanness by which one can become defiled--without being aware of it, but later recognizes it, he incurs guilt.
4. Or if someone swears rashly to do what is good or evil--concerning anything a person may speak rashly in an oath--without being aware of it, but later recognizes it, he incurs guilt in such an instance.
5. If someone incurs guilt in one of these cases, he is to confess he has committed that sin.
6. He must bring his penalty for guilt for the sin he has committed to the Lord: a female lamb or goat from the flock as a sin offering. In this way the priest will make atonement on his behalf for his sin.
7. "But if he cannot afford an animal from the flock, then he may bring to the Lord two turtledoves or two young pigeons as penalty for guilt for his sin--one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering.
8. He is to bring them to the priest, who will first present the one for the sin offering. He is to twist its head at the back of the neck without severing it.
9. Then he will sprinkle some of the blood of the sin offering on the side of the altar, while the rest of the blood is to be drained out at the base of the altar; it is a sin offering.
10. He will prepare the second bird as a burnt offering according to the regulation. In this way the priest will make atonement on his behalf for the sin he has committed, and he will be forgiven.
11. "But if he cannot afford two turtledoves or two young pigeons, he may bring two quarts of fine flour as an offering for his sin. He must not put olive oil or frankincense on it, for it is a sin offering.
12. He is to bring it to the priest, who will take a handful from it as its memorial portion and burn it on the altar along with the food offerings to the Lord; it is a sin offering.
13. In this way the priest will make atonement on his behalf concerning the sin he has committed in any of these cases, and he will be forgiven. The rest will belong to the priest, like the grain offering."
The Guilt Offering
14. Then the Lord spoke to Moses:
15. "If someone offends by sinning unintentionally in regard to any of the Lord's holy things, he must bring his penalty for guilt to the Lord: an unblemished ram from the flock (based on your assessment of its value in silver shekels, according to the sanctuary shekel) as a guilt offering.
16. He is to make restitution for his sin regarding any holy thing, adding a fifth of its value to it, and give it to the priest. Then the priest will make atonement on his behalf with the ram of the guilt offering, and he will be forgiven.
17. "If someone sins and without knowing it violates any of the Lord's commands concerning anything prohibited, he is guilty, and he will bear his iniquity.
18. He must bring an unblemished ram from the flock according to your assessment of its value as a guilt offering to the priest. Then the priest will make atonement on his behalf for the error he has committed unintentionally, and he will be forgiven.
19. It is a guilt offering; he is indeed guilty before the Lord."
2 Or if someone touches anything unclean—a carcass of an unclean wild animal, or unclean livestock, or an unclean swarming creature—without being aware of it, he is unclean and incurs guilt.
3 Or if he touches human uncleanness—any uncleanness by which one can become defiled—without being aware of it, but later recognizes it, he incurs guilt.
4 Or if someone swears rashly to do what is good or evil—concerning anything a person may speak rashly in an oath—without being aware of it, but later recognizes it, he incurs guilt in such an instance.
5 If someone incurs guilt in one of these cases, he is to confess he has committed that sin.
6 He must bring his penalty for guilt for the sin he has committed to the Lord: a female lamb or goat from the flock as a sin offering. In this way the priest will make atonement on his behalf for his sin.
7 “But if he cannot afford an animal from the flock, then he may bring to the Lord two turtledoves or two young pigeons as penalty for guilt for his sin—one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering.
8 He is to bring them to the priest, who will first present the one for the sin offering. He is to twist its head at the back of the neck without severing it.
9 Then he will sprinkle some of the blood of the sin offering on the side of the altar, while the rest of the blood is to be drained out at the base of the altar; it is a sin offering.
10 He will prepare the second bird as a burnt offering according to the regulation. In this way the priest will make atonement on his behalf for the sin he has committed, and he will be forgiven.
11 “But if he cannot afford two turtledoves or two young pigeons, he may bring two quarts of fine flour as an offering for his sin. He must not put olive oil or frankincense on it, for it is a sin offering.
12 He is to bring it to the priest, who will take a handful from it as its memorial portion and burn it on the altar along with the food offerings to the Lord; it is a sin offering.
13 In this way the priest will make atonement on his behalf concerning the sin he has committed in any of these cases, and he will be forgiven. The rest will belong to the priest, like the grain offering.”
14 Then the Lord spoke to Moses:
15 “If someone offends by sinning unintentionally in regard to any of the Lord’s holy things, he must bring his penalty for guilt to the Lord: an unblemished ram from the flock (based on your assessment of its value in silver shekels, according to the sanctuary shekel) as a guilt offering.
16 He is to make restitution for his sin regarding any holy thing, adding a fifth of its value to it, and give it to the priest. Then the priest will make atonement on his behalf with the ram of the guilt offering, and he will be forgiven.
17 “If someone sins and without knowing it violates any of the Lord’s commands concerning anything prohibited, he is guilty, and he will bear his iniquity.
18 He must bring an unblemished ram from the flock according to your assessment of its value as a guilt offering to the priest. Then the priest will make atonement on his behalf for the error he has committed unintentionally, and he will be forgiven.
19 It is a guilt offering; he is indeed guilty before the Lord.”

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# Chapter 6
1. The Lord spoke to Moses:
2. "When someone sins and offends the Lord by deceiving his neighbor in regard to a deposit, a security, or a robbery; or defrauds his neighbor;
3. or finds something lost and lies about it; or swears falsely about any of the sinful things a person may do--
4. once he has sinned and acknowledged his guilt--he must return what he stole or defrauded, or the deposit entrusted to him, or the lost item he found,
5. or anything else about which he swore falsely. He will make full restitution for it and add a fifth of its value to it. He is to pay it to its owner on the day he acknowledges his guilt.
6. Then he is to bring his guilt offering to the Lord: an unblemished ram from the flock according to your assessment of its value as a guilt offering to the priest.
7. In this way the priest will make atonement on his behalf before the Lord, and he will be forgiven for anything he may have done to incur guilt."
The Burnt Offering
8. The Lord spoke to Moses:
9. "Command Aaron and his sons: This is the law of the burnt offering; the burnt offering itself must remain on the altar's hearth all night until morning, while the fire of the altar is kept burning on it.
10. The priest is to put on his linen robe and linen undergarments. He is to remove the ashes of the burnt offering the fire has consumed on the altar, and place them beside the altar.
11. Then he will take off his garments, put on other clothes, and bring the ashes outside the camp to a ceremonially clean place.
12. The fire on the altar is to be kept burning; it must not go out. Every morning the priest will burn wood on the fire. He is to arrange the burnt offering on the fire and burn the fat portions from the fellowship offerings on it.
13. Fire must be kept burning on the altar continually; it must not go out.
The Grain Offering
14. "Now this is the law of the grain offering: Aaron's sons will present it before the Lord in front of the altar.
15. The priest is to remove a handful of fine flour and olive oil from the grain offering, with all the frankincense that is on the offering, and burn its memorial portion on the altar as a pleasing aroma to the Lord.
16. Aaron and his sons may eat the rest of it. It is to be eaten in the form of unleavened bread in a holy place; they are to eat it in the courtyard of the tent of meeting.
17. It must not be baked with yeast; I have assigned it as their portion from my food offerings. It is especially holy, like the sin offering and the guilt offering.
18. Any male among Aaron's descendants may eat it. It is a permanent portion throughout your generations from the food offerings to the Lord. Anything that touches the offerings will become holy."
19. The Lord spoke to Moses:
20. "This is the offering that Aaron and his sons are to present to the Lord on the day that he is anointed: two quarts of fine flour as a regular grain offering, half of it in the morning and half in the evening.
21. It is to be prepared with oil on a griddle; you are to bring it well-kneaded. You are to present it as a grain offering of baked pieces, a pleasing aroma to the Lord.
22. The priest, who is one of Aaron's sons and will be anointed to take his place, is to prepare it. It must be completely burned as a permanent portion for the Lord.
23. Every grain offering for a priest will be a whole burnt offering; it is not to be eaten."
The Sin Offering
24. The Lord spoke to Moses:
25. "Tell Aaron and his sons: This is the law of the sin offering. The sin offering is most holy and must be slaughtered before the Lord at the place where the burnt offering is slaughtered.
26. The priest who offers it as a sin offering will eat it. It is to be eaten in a holy place, in the courtyard of the tent of meeting.
27. Anything that touches its flesh will become holy, and if any of its blood spatters on a garment, then you must wash that garment in a holy place.
28. A clay pot in which the sin offering is boiled is to be broken; if it is boiled in a bronze vessel, it is to be scoured and rinsed with water.
29. Any male among the priests may eat it; it is especially holy.
30. But no sin offering may be eaten if its blood has been brought into the tent of meeting to make atonement in the holy place; it must be burned.
1 The Lord spoke to Moses:
2 “When someone sins and offends the Lord by deceiving his neighbor in regard to a deposit, a security, or a robbery; or defrauds his neighbor;
3 or finds something lost and lies about it; or swears falsely about any of the sinful things a person may do—
4 once he has sinned and acknowledged his guilt—he must return what he stole or defrauded, or the deposit entrusted to him, or the lost item he found,
5 or anything else about which he swore falsely. He will make full restitution for it and add a fifth of its value to it. He is to pay it to its owner on the day he acknowledges his guilt.
6 Then he is to bring his guilt offering to the Lord: an unblemished ram from the flock according to your assessment of its value as a guilt offering to the priest.
7 In this way the priest will make atonement on his behalf before the Lord, and he will be forgiven for anything he may have done to incur guilt.”
8 The Lord spoke to Moses:
9 “Command Aaron and his sons: This is the law of the burnt offering; the burnt offering itself must remain on the altar’s hearth all night until morning, while the fire of the altar is kept burning on it.
10 The priest is to put on his linen robe and linen undergarments. He is to remove the ashes of the burnt offering the fire has consumed on the altar, and place them beside the altar.
11 Then he will take off his garments, put on other clothes, and bring the ashes outside the camp to a ceremonially clean place.
12 The fire on the altar is to be kept burning; it must not go out. Every morning the priest will burn wood on the fire. He is to arrange the burnt offering on the fire and burn the fat portions from the fellowship offerings on it.
13 Fire must be kept burning on the altar continually; it must not go out.
14 “Now this is the law of the grain offering: Aaron’s sons will present it before the Lord in front of the altar.
15 The priest is to remove a handful of fine flour and olive oil from the grain offering, with all the frankincense that is on the offering, and burn its memorial portion on the altar as a pleasing aroma to the Lord.
16 Aaron and his sons may eat the rest of it. It is to be eaten in the form of unleavened bread in a holy place; they are to eat it in the courtyard of the tent of meeting.
17 It must not be baked with yeast; I have assigned it as their portion from my food offerings. It is especially holy, like the sin offering and the guilt offering.
18 Any male among Aaron’s descendants may eat it. It is a permanent portion throughout your generations from the food offerings to the Lord. Anything that touches the offerings will become holy.”
19 The Lord spoke to Moses:
20 “This is the offering that Aaron and his sons are to present to the Lord on the day that he is anointed: two quarts of fine flour as a regular grain offering, half of it in the morning and half in the evening.
21 It is to be prepared with oil on a griddle; you are to bring it well-kneaded. You are to present it as a grain offering of baked pieces, a pleasing aroma to the Lord.
22 The priest, who is one of Aaron’s sons and will be anointed to take his place, is to prepare it. It must be completely burned as a permanent portion for the Lord.
23 Every grain offering for a priest will be a whole burnt offering; it is not to be eaten.”
24 The Lord spoke to Moses:
25 “Tell Aaron and his sons: This is the law of the sin offering. The sin offering is most holy and must be slaughtered before the Lord at the place where the burnt offering is slaughtered.
26 The priest who offers it as a sin offering will eat it. It is to be eaten in a holy place, in the courtyard of the tent of meeting.
27 Anything that touches its flesh will become holy, and if any of its blood spatters on a garment, then you must wash that garment in a holy place.
28 A clay pot in which the sin offering is boiled is to be broken; if it is boiled in a bronze vessel, it is to be scoured and rinsed with water.
29 Any male among the priests may eat it; it is especially holy.
30 But no sin offering may be eaten if its blood has been brought into the tent of meeting to make atonement in the holy place; it must be burned.

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The Guilt Offering
# Chapter 7
1. "Now this is the law of the guilt offering; it is especially holy.
2. The guilt offering is to be slaughtered at the place where the burnt offering is slaughtered, and the priest is to splatter its blood on all sides of the altar.
3. The offerer is to present all the fat from it: the fat tail, the fat surrounding the entrails,
4. and the two kidneys with the fat on them at the loins; he will also remove the fatty lobe of the liver with the kidneys.
5. The priest will burn them on the altar as a food offering to the Lord; it is a guilt offering.
6. Any male among the priests may eat it. It is to be eaten in a holy place; it is especially holy.
7. "The guilt offering is like the sin offering; the law is the same for both. It belongs to the priest who makes atonement with it.
8. As for the priest who presents someone's burnt offering, the hide of the burnt offering he has presented belongs to him; it is the priest's.
9. Any grain offering that is baked in an oven or prepared in a pan or on a griddle belongs to the priest who presents it; it is his.
10. But any grain offering, whether dry or mixed with oil, belongs equally to all of Aaron's sons.
The Fellowship Sacrifice
11. "Now this is the law of the fellowship sacrifice that someone may present to the Lord:
12. If he presents it for thanksgiving, in addition to the thanksgiving sacrifice, he is to present unleavened cakes mixed with olive oil, unleavened wafers coated with oil, and well-kneaded cakes of fine flour mixed with oil.
13. He is to present as his offering cakes of leavened bread with his thanksgiving sacrifice of fellowship.
14. From the cakes he is to present one portion of each offering as a contribution to the Lord. It will belong to the priest who splatters the blood of the fellowship offering; it is his.
15. The meat of his thanksgiving sacrifice of fellowship must be eaten on the day he offers it; he may not leave any of it until morning.
16. "If the sacrifice he offers is a vow or a freewill offering, it is to be eaten on the day he presents his sacrifice, and what is left over may be eaten on the next day.
17. But what remains of the sacrificial meat by the third day must be burned.
18. If any of the meat of his fellowship sacrifice is eaten on the third day, it will not be accepted. It will not be credited to the one who presents it; it is repulsive. The person who eats any of it will bear his iniquity.
19. "Meat that touches anything unclean must not be eaten; it is to be burned. Everyone who is clean may eat any other meat.
20. But the one who eats meat from the Lord's fellowship sacrifice while he is unclean, that person must be cut off from his people.
21. If someone touches anything unclean, whether human uncleanness, an unclean animal, or any unclean, abhorrent creature, and eats meat from the Lord's fellowship sacrifice, that person is to be cut off from his people."
Fat and Blood Prohibited
22. The Lord spoke to Moses:
23. "Tell the Israelites: You are not to eat any fat of an ox, a sheep, or a goat.
24. The fat of an animal that dies naturally or is mauled by wild beasts may be used for any other purpose, but you must not eat it.
25. If anyone eats animal fat from a food offering presented to the Lord, the person who eats it is to be cut off from his people.
26. Wherever you live, you must not eat the blood of any bird or animal.
27. Whoever eats any blood is to be cut off from his people."
The Portion for the Priests
28. The Lord spoke to Moses:
29. "Tell the Israelites: The one who presents a fellowship sacrifice to the Lord is to bring an offering to the Lord from his sacrifice.
30. His own hands will bring the food offerings to the Lord. He will bring the fat together with the breast. The breast is to be presented as a presentation offering before the Lord.
31. The priest is to burn the fat on the altar, but the breast belongs to Aaron and his sons.
32. You are to give the right thigh to the priest as a contribution from your fellowship sacrifices.
33. The son of Aaron who presents the blood of the fellowship offering and the fat will have the right thigh as a portion.
34. I have taken from the Israelites the breast of the presentation offering and the thigh of the contribution from their fellowship sacrifices, and have assigned them to the priest Aaron and to his sons as a permanent portion from the Israelites."
35. This is the portion from the food offerings to the Lord for Aaron and his sons since the day they were presented to serve the Lord as priests.
36. The Lord commanded this to be given to them by the Israelites on the day he anointed them. It is a permanent portion throughout their generations.
37. This is the law for the burnt offering, the grain offering, the sin offering, the guilt offering, the ordination offering, and the fellowship sacrifice,
38. which the Lord commanded Moses on Mount Sinai on the day he commanded the Israelites to present their offerings to the Lord in the Wilderness of Sinai.
1 “Now this is the law of the guilt offering; it is especially holy.
2 The guilt offering is to be slaughtered at the place where the burnt offering is slaughtered, and the priest is to splatter its blood on all sides of the altar.
3 The offerer is to present all the fat from it: the fat tail, the fat surrounding the entrails,
4 and the two kidneys with the fat on them at the loins; he will also remove the fatty lobe of the liver with the kidneys.
5 The priest will burn them on the altar as a food offering to the Lord; it is a guilt offering.
6 Any male among the priests may eat it. It is to be eaten in a holy place; it is especially holy.
7 “The guilt offering is like the sin offering; the law is the same for both. It belongs to the priest who makes atonement with it.
8 As for the priest who presents someone’s burnt offering, the hide of the burnt offering he has presented belongs to him; it is the priest’s.
9 Any grain offering that is baked in an oven or prepared in a pan or on a griddle belongs to the priest who presents it; it is his.
10 But any grain offering, whether dry or mixed with oil, belongs equally to all of Aaron’s sons.
11 “Now this is the law of the fellowship sacrifice that someone may present to the Lord:
12 If he presents it for thanksgiving, in addition to the thanksgiving sacrifice, he is to present unleavened cakes mixed with olive oil, unleavened wafers coated with oil, and well-kneaded cakes of fine flour mixed with oil.
13 He is to present as his offering cakes of leavened bread with his thanksgiving sacrifice of fellowship.
14 From the cakes he is to present one portion of each offering as a contribution to the Lord. It will belong to the priest who splatters the blood of the fellowship offering; it is his.
15 The meat of his thanksgiving sacrifice of fellowship must be eaten on the day he offers it; he may not leave any of it until morning.
16 “If the sacrifice he offers is a vow or a freewill offering, it is to be eaten on the day he presents his sacrifice, and what is left over may be eaten on the next day.
17 But what remains of the sacrificial meat by the third day must be burned.
18 If any of the meat of his fellowship sacrifice is eaten on the third day, it will not be accepted. It will not be credited to the one who presents it; it is repulsive. The person who eats any of it will bear his iniquity.
19 “Meat that touches anything unclean must not be eaten; it is to be burned. Everyone who is clean may eat any other meat.
20 But the one who eats meat from the Lord’s fellowship sacrifice while he is unclean, that person must be cut off from his people.
21 If someone touches anything unclean, whether human uncleanness, an unclean animal, or any unclean, abhorrent creature, and eats meat from the Lord’s fellowship sacrifice, that person is to be cut off from his people.”
22 The Lord spoke to Moses:
23 “Tell the Israelites: You are not to eat any fat of an ox, a sheep, or a goat.
24 The fat of an animal that dies naturally or is mauled by wild beasts may be used for any other purpose, but you must not eat it.
25 If anyone eats animal fat from a food offering presented to the Lord, the person who eats it is to be cut off from his people.
26 Wherever you live, you must not eat the blood of any bird or animal.
27 Whoever eats any blood is to be cut off from his people.”
28 The Lord spoke to Moses:
29 “Tell the Israelites: The one who presents a fellowship sacrifice to the Lord is to bring an offering to the Lord from his sacrifice.
30 His own hands will bring the food offerings to the Lord. He will bring the fat together with the breast. The breast is to be presented as a presentation offering before the Lord.
31 The priest is to burn the fat on the altar, but the breast belongs to Aaron and his sons.
32 You are to give the right thigh to the priest as a contribution from your fellowship sacrifices.
33 The son of Aaron who presents the blood of the fellowship offering and the fat will have the right thigh as a portion.
34 I have taken from the Israelites the breast of the presentation offering and the thigh of the contribution from their fellowship sacrifices, and have assigned them to the priest Aaron and to his sons as a permanent portion from the Israelites.”
35 This is the portion from the food offerings to the Lord for Aaron and his sons since the day they were presented to serve the Lord as priests.
36 The Lord commanded this to be given to them by the Israelites on the day he anointed them. It is a permanent portion throughout their generations.
37 This is the law for the burnt offering, the grain offering, the sin offering, the guilt offering, the ordination offering, and the fellowship sacrifice,
38 which the Lord commanded Moses on Mount Sinai on the day he commanded the Israelites to present their offerings to the Lord in the Wilderness of Sinai.

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Ordination of Aaron and His Sons
# Chapter 8
1. The Lord spoke to Moses:
2. "Take Aaron, his sons with him, the garments, the anointing oil, the bull of the sin offering, the two rams, and the basket of unleavened bread,
3. and assemble the whole community at the entrance to the tent of meeting."
4. So Moses did as the Lord commanded him, and the community assembled at the entrance to the tent of meeting.
5. Moses said to them, "This is what the Lord has commanded to be done."
6. Then Moses presented Aaron and his sons and washed them with water.
7. He put the tunic on Aaron, wrapped the sash around him, clothed him with the robe, and put the ephod on him. He put the woven band of the ephod around him and fastened it to him.
8. Then he put the breastpiece on him and placed the Urim and Thummim into the breastpiece.
9. He also put the turban on his head and placed the gold medallion, the holy diadem, on the front of the turban, as the Lord had commanded Moses.
10. Then Moses took the anointing oil and anointed the tabernacle and everything in it to consecrate them.
11. He sprinkled some of the oil on the altar seven times, anointing the altar with all its utensils, and the basin with its stand, to consecrate them.
12. He poured some of the anointing oil on Aaron's head and anointed and consecrated him.
13. Then Moses presented Aaron's sons, clothed them with tunics, wrapped sashes around them, and fastened headbands on them, as the Lord had commanded Moses.
14. Then he brought the bull near for the sin offering, and Aaron and his sons laid their hands on the head of the bull for the sin offering.
15. Then Moses slaughtered it, took the blood, and applied it with his finger to the horns of the altar on all sides, purifying the altar. He poured out the blood at the base of the altar and consecrated it so that atonement can be made on it.
16. Moses took all the fat that was on the entrails, the fatty lobe of the liver, and the two kidneys with their fat, and he burned them on the altar.
17. He burned the bull with its hide, flesh, and waste outside the camp, as the Lord had commanded Moses.
18. Then he presented the ram for the burnt offering, and Aaron and his sons laid their hands on the head of the ram.
19. Moses slaughtered it and splattered the blood on all sides of the altar.
20. Moses cut the ram into pieces and burned the head, the pieces, and the fat,
21. but he washed the entrails and legs with water. He then burned the entire ram on the altar. It was a burnt offering for a pleasing aroma, a food offering to the Lord as he had commanded Moses.
22. Next he presented the second ram, the ram of ordination, and Aaron and his sons laid their hands on the head of the ram.
23. Moses slaughtered it, took some of its blood, and put it on Aaron's right earlobe, on the thumb of his right hand, and on the big toe of his right foot.
24. Moses also presented Aaron's sons and put some of the blood on their right earlobes, on the thumbs of their right hands, and on the big toes of their right feet. Then Moses splattered the blood on all sides of the altar.
25. He took the fat--the fat tail, all the fat that was on the entrails, the fatty lobe of the liver, and the two kidneys with their fat--as well as the right thigh.
26. From the basket of unleavened bread that was before the Lord he took one cake of unleavened bread, one cake of bread made with oil, and one wafer, and placed them on the fat portions and the right thigh.
27. He put all these in the hands of Aaron and his sons and presented them before the Lord as a presentation offering.
28. Then Moses took them from their hands and burned them on the altar with the burnt offering. This was an ordination offering for a pleasing aroma, a food offering to the Lord.
29. He also took the breast and presented it before the Lord as a presentation offering; it was Moses's portion of the ordination ram as the Lord had commanded him.
30. Then Moses took some of the anointing oil and some of the blood that was on the altar and sprinkled them on Aaron and his garments, as well as on his sons and their garments. In this way he consecrated Aaron and his garments, as well as his sons and their garments.
31. Moses said to Aaron and his sons, "Boil the meat at the entrance to the tent of meeting and eat it there with the bread that is in the basket for the ordination offering as I commanded: Aaron and his sons are to eat it.
32. Burn up what remains of the meat and bread.
33. Do not go outside the entrance to the tent of meeting for seven days, until the time your days of ordination are completed, because it will take seven days to ordain you.
34. The Lord commanded what has been done today in order to make atonement for you.
35. You must remain at the entrance to the tent of meeting day and night for seven days and keep the Lord's charge so that you will not die, for this is what I was commanded."
36. So Aaron and his sons did everything the Lord had commanded through Moses.
1 The Lord spoke to Moses:
2 “Take Aaron, his sons with him, the garments, the anointing oil, the bull of the sin offering, the two rams, and the basket of unleavened bread,
3 and assemble the whole community at the entrance to the tent of meeting.”
4 So Moses did as the Lord commanded him, and the community assembled at the entrance to the tent of meeting.
5 Moses said to them, “This is what the Lord has commanded to be done.”
6 Then Moses presented Aaron and his sons and washed them with water.
7 He put the tunic on Aaron, wrapped the sash around him, clothed him with the robe, and put the ephod on him. He put the woven band of the ephod around him and fastened it to him.
8 Then he put the breastpiece on him and placed the Urim and Thummim into the breastpiece.
9 He also put the turban on his head and placed the gold medallion, the holy diadem, on the front of the turban, as the Lord had commanded Moses.
10 Then Moses took the anointing oil and anointed the tabernacle and everything in it to consecrate them.
11 He sprinkled some of the oil on the altar seven times, anointing the altar with all its utensils, and the basin with its stand, to consecrate them.
12 He poured some of the anointing oil on Aaron’s head and anointed and consecrated him.
13 Then Moses presented Aaron’s sons, clothed them with tunics, wrapped sashes around them, and fastened headbands on them, as the Lord had commanded Moses.
14 Then he brought the bull near for the sin offering, and Aaron and his sons laid their hands on the head of the bull for the sin offering.
15 Then Moses slaughtered it, took the blood, and applied it with his finger to the horns of the altar on all sides, purifying the altar. He poured out the blood at the base of the altar and consecrated it so that atonement can be made on it.
16 Moses took all the fat that was on the entrails, the fatty lobe of the liver, and the two kidneys with their fat, and he burned them on the altar.
17 He burned the bull with its hide, flesh, and waste outside the camp, as the Lord had commanded Moses.
18 Then he presented the ram for the burnt offering, and Aaron and his sons laid their hands on the head of the ram.
19 Moses slaughtered it and splattered the blood on all sides of the altar.
20 Moses cut the ram into pieces and burned the head, the pieces, and the fat,
21 but he washed the entrails and legs with water. He then burned the entire ram on the altar. It was a burnt offering for a pleasing aroma, a food offering to the Lord as he had commanded Moses.
22 Next he presented the second ram, the ram of ordination, and Aaron and his sons laid their hands on the head of the ram.
23 Moses slaughtered it, took some of its blood, and put it on Aaron’s right earlobe, on the thumb of his right hand, and on the big toe of his right foot.
24 Moses also presented Aaron’s sons and put some of the blood on their right earlobes, on the thumbs of their right hands, and on the big toes of their right feet. Then Moses splattered the blood on all sides of the altar.
25 He took the fat—the fat tail, all the fat that was on the entrails, the fatty lobe of the liver, and the two kidneys with their fat—as well as the right thigh.
26 From the basket of unleavened bread that was before the Lord he took one cake of unleavened bread, one cake of bread made with oil, and one wafer, and placed them on the fat portions and the right thigh.
27 He put all these in the hands of Aaron and his sons and presented them before the Lord as a presentation offering.
28 Then Moses took them from their hands and burned them on the altar with the burnt offering. This was an ordination offering for a pleasing aroma, a food offering to the Lord.
29 He also took the breast and presented it before the Lord as a presentation offering; it was Moses’s portion of the ordination ram as the Lord had commanded him.
30 Then Moses took some of the anointing oil and some of the blood that was on the altar and sprinkled them on Aaron and his garments, as well as on his sons and their garments. In this way he consecrated Aaron and his garments, as well as his sons and their garments.
31 Moses said to Aaron and his sons, “Boil the meat at the entrance to the tent of meeting and eat it there with the bread that is in the basket for the ordination offering as I commanded: Aaron and his sons are to eat it.
32 Burn up what remains of the meat and bread.
33 Do not go outside the entrance to the tent of meeting for seven days, until the time your days of ordination are completed, because it will take seven days to ordain you.
34 The Lord commanded what has been done today in order to make atonement for you.
35 You must remain at the entrance to the tent of meeting day and night for seven days and keep the Lord’s charge so that you will not die, for this is what I was commanded.”
36 So Aaron and his sons did everything the Lord had commanded through Moses.

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The Priestly Ministry Inaugurated
# Chapter 9
1. On the eighth day Moses summoned Aaron, his sons, and the elders of Israel.
2. He said to Aaron, "Take a young bull for a sin offering and a ram for a burnt offering, both without blemish, and present them before the Lord.
3. And tell the Israelites: Take a male goat for a sin offering; a calf and a lamb, male yearlings without blemish, for a burnt offering;
4. an ox and a ram for a fellowship offering to sacrifice before the Lord; and a grain offering mixed with oil. For today the Lord is going to appear to you."
5. They brought what Moses had commanded to the front of the tent of meeting, and the whole community came forward and stood before the Lord.
6. Moses said, "This is what the Lord commanded you to do, that the glory of the Lord may appear to you."
7. Then Moses said to Aaron, "Approach the altar and sacrifice your sin offering and your burnt offering; make atonement for yourself and the people. Sacrifice the people's offering and make atonement for them, as the Lord commanded."
8. So Aaron approached the altar and slaughtered the calf as a sin offering for himself.
9. Aaron's sons brought the blood to him, and he dipped his finger in the blood and applied it to the horns of the altar. He poured out the blood at the base of the altar.
10. He burned the fat, the kidneys, and the fatty lobe of the liver from the sin offering on the altar, as the Lord had commanded Moses.
11. He burned the flesh and the hide outside the camp.
12. Then he slaughtered the burnt offering. Aaron's sons brought him the blood, and he splattered it on all sides of the altar.
13. They brought him the burnt offering piece by piece, along with the head, and he burned them on the altar.
14. He washed the entrails and the legs and burned them with the burnt offering on the altar.
15. Aaron presented the people's offering. He took the male goat for the people's sin offering, slaughtered it, and made a sin offering with it as he did before.
16. He presented the burnt offering and sacrificed it according to the regulation.
17. Next he presented the grain offering, took a handful of it, and burned it on the altar in addition to the morning burnt offering.
18. Finally, he slaughtered the ox and the ram as the people's fellowship sacrifice. Aaron's sons brought him the blood, and he splattered it on all sides of the altar.
19. They also brought the fat portions from the ox and the ram--the fat tail, the fat surrounding the entrails, the kidneys, and the fatty lobe of the liver--
20. and placed these on the breasts. Aaron burned the fat portions on the altar,
21. but he presented the breasts and the right thigh as a presentation offering before the Lord, as Moses had commanded.
22. Aaron lifted up his hands toward the people and blessed them. He came down after sacrificing the sin offering, the burnt offering, and the fellowship offering.
23. Moses and Aaron then entered the tent of meeting. When they came out, they blessed the people, and the glory of the Lord appeared to all the people.
24. Fire came from the Lord and consumed the burnt offering and the fat portions on the altar. And when all the people saw it, they shouted and fell facedown.
1 On the eighth day Moses summoned Aaron, his sons, and the elders of Israel.
2 He said to Aaron, “Take a young bull for a sin offering and a ram for a burnt offering, both without blemish, and present them before the Lord.
3 And tell the Israelites: Take a male goat for a sin offering; a calf and a lamb, male yearlings without blemish, for a burnt offering;
4 an ox and a ram for a fellowship offering to sacrifice before the Lord; and a grain offering mixed with oil. For today the Lord is going to appear to you.”
5 They brought what Moses had commanded to the front of the tent of meeting, and the whole community came forward and stood before the Lord.
6 Moses said, “This is what the Lord commanded you to do, that the glory of the Lord may appear to you.”
7 Then Moses said to Aaron, “Approach the altar and sacrifice your sin offering and your burnt offering; make atonement for yourself and the people. Sacrifice the people’s offering and make atonement for them, as the Lord commanded.”
8 So Aaron approached the altar and slaughtered the calf as a sin offering for himself.
9 Aaron’s sons brought the blood to him, and he dipped his finger in the blood and applied it to the horns of the altar. He poured out the blood at the base of the altar.
10 He burned the fat, the kidneys, and the fatty lobe of the liver from the sin offering on the altar, as the Lord had commanded Moses.
11 He burned the flesh and the hide outside the camp.
12 Then he slaughtered the burnt offering. Aaron’s sons brought him the blood, and he splattered it on all sides of the altar.
13 They brought him the burnt offering piece by piece, along with the head, and he burned them on the altar.
14 He washed the entrails and the legs and burned them with the burnt offering on the altar.
15 Aaron presented the people’s offering. He took the male goat for the people’s sin offering, slaughtered it, and made a sin offering with it as he did before.
16 He presented the burnt offering and sacrificed it according to the regulation.
17 Next he presented the grain offering, took a handful of it, and burned it on the altar in addition to the morning burnt offering.
18 Finally, he slaughtered the ox and the ram as the people’s fellowship sacrifice. Aaron’s sons brought him the blood, and he splattered it on all sides of the altar.
19 They also brought the fat portions from the ox and the ram—the fat tail, the fat surrounding the entrails, the kidneys, and the fatty lobe of the liver—
20 and placed these on the breasts. Aaron burned the fat portions on the altar,
21 but he presented the breasts and the right thigh as a presentation offering before the Lord, as Moses had commanded.
22 Aaron lifted up his hands toward the people and blessed them. He came down after sacrificing the sin offering, the burnt offering, and the fellowship offering.
23 Moses and Aaron then entered the tent of meeting. When they came out, they blessed the people, and the glory of the Lord appeared to all the people.
24 Fire came from the Lord and consumed the burnt offering and the fat portions on the altar. And when all the people saw it, they shouted and fell facedown.

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Nadab and Abihu
# Chapter 10
1. Aaron's sons
Nadab and Abihu each took his own firepan, put fire in it, placed incense on it, and presented unauthorized fire before the Lord, which he had not commanded them to do.
2. Then fire came from the Lord and consumed them, and they died before the Lord.
3. Moses said to Aaron, "This is what the Lord has spoken:
1 Aaron’s sons Nadab and Abihu each took his own firepan, put fire in it, placed incense on it, and presented unauthorized fire before the Lord, which he had not commanded them to do.
2 Then fire came from the Lord and consumed them, and they died before the Lord.
3 Moses said to Aaron, “This is what the Lord has spoken:
I will demonstrate my holiness
to those who are near me,
and I will reveal my glory
before all the people."
before all the people.”
And Aaron remained silent.
4. Moses summoned Mishael and Elzaphan, sons of Aaron's uncle Uzziel, and said to them, "Come here and carry your relatives away from the front of the sanctuary to a place outside the camp."
5. So they came forward and carried them in their tunics outside the camp, as Moses had said.
6. Then Moses said to Aaron and his sons Eleazar and Ithamar, "Do not let your hair hang loose and do not tear your clothes, or else you will die, and the Lord will become angry with the whole community. However, your brothers, the whole house of Israel, may weep over the fire that the Lord caused.
7. You must not go outside the entrance to the tent of meeting or you will die, for the Lord's anointing oil is on you." So they did as Moses said.
Regulations for Priests
8. The Lord spoke to Aaron:
9. "You and your sons are not to drink wine or beer when you enter the tent of meeting, or else you will die; this is a permanent statute throughout your generations.
10. You must distinguish between the holy and the common, and the clean and the unclean,
11. and teach the Israelites all the statutes that the Lord has given to them through Moses."
12. Moses spoke to Aaron and his remaining sons, Eleazar and Ithamar: "Take the grain offering that is left over from the food offerings to the Lord, and eat it prepared without yeast beside the altar, because it is especially holy.
13. You must eat it in a holy place because it is your portion and your sons' from the food offerings to the Lord, for this is what I was commanded.
14. But you and your sons and your daughters may eat the breast of the presentation offering and the thigh of the contribution in any ceremonially clean place, because these portions have been assigned to you and your children from the Israelites' fellowship sacrifices.
15. They are to bring the thigh of the contribution and the breast of the presentation offering, together with the food offerings of the fat portions, to present as a presentation offering before the Lord. It will belong permanently to you and your children, as the Lord commanded."
16. Then Moses inquired carefully about the male goat of the sin offering, but it had already been burned up. He was angry with Eleazar and Ithamar, Aaron's surviving sons, and asked,
17. "Why didn't you eat the sin offering in the sanctuary area? For it is especially holy, and he has assigned it to you to take away the guilt of the community and make atonement for them before the Lord.
18. Since its blood was not brought inside the sanctuary, you should have eaten it in the sanctuary area, as I commanded."
19. But Aaron replied to Moses, "See, today they presented their sin offering and their burnt offering before the Lord. Since these things have happened to me, if I had eaten the sin offering today, would it have been acceptable in the Lord's sight?"
20. When Moses heard this, it was acceptable to him.
4 Moses summoned Mishael and Elzaphan, sons of Aaron’s uncle Uzziel, and said to them, “Come here and carry your relatives away from the front of the sanctuary to a place outside the camp.”
5 So they came forward and carried them in their tunics outside the camp, as Moses had said.
6 Then Moses said to Aaron and his sons Eleazar and Ithamar, “Do not let your hair hang loose and do not tear your clothes, or else you will die, and the Lord will become angry with the whole community. However, your brothers, the whole house of Israel, may weep over the fire that the Lord caused.
7 You must not go outside the entrance to the tent of meeting or you will die, for the Lord’s anointing oil is on you.” So they did as Moses said.
8 The Lord spoke to Aaron:
9 “You and your sons are not to drink wine or beer when you enter the tent of meeting, or else you will die; this is a permanent statute throughout your generations.
10 You must distinguish between the holy and the common, and the clean and the unclean,
11 and teach the Israelites all the statutes that the Lord has given to them through Moses.”
12 Moses spoke to Aaron and his remaining sons, Eleazar and Ithamar: “Take the grain offering that is left over from the food offerings to the Lord, and eat it prepared without yeast beside the altar, because it is especially holy.
13 You must eat it in a holy place because it is your portion and your sons’ from the food offerings to the Lord, for this is what I was commanded.
14 But you and your sons and your daughters may eat the breast of the presentation offering and the thigh of the contribution in any ceremonially clean place, because these portions have been assigned to you and your children from the Israelites’ fellowship sacrifices.
15 They are to bring the thigh of the contribution and the breast of the presentation offering, together with the food offerings of the fat portions, to present as a presentation offering before the Lord. It will belong permanently to you and your children, as the Lord commanded.”
16 Then Moses inquired carefully about the male goat of the sin offering, but it had already been burned up. He was angry with Eleazar and Ithamar, Aaron’s surviving sons, and asked,
17 “Why didn’t you eat the sin offering in the sanctuary area? For it is especially holy, and he has assigned it to you to take away the guilt of the community and make atonement for them before the Lord.
18 Since its blood was not brought inside the sanctuary, you should have eaten it in the sanctuary area, as I commanded.”
19 But Aaron replied to Moses, “See, today they presented their sin offering and their burnt offering before the Lord. Since these things have happened to me, if I had eaten the sin offering today, would it have been acceptable in the Lord’s sight?”
20 When Moses heard this, it was acceptable to him.

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